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法律和义务

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proceeding
2-
provision
3-
affidavit
4-
testimony
5-
accusation
6-
ruling
7-
felony
8-
parole
9-
penalty
10-
libel
11-
counterclaim
12-
trustee
13-
offender
14-
verdict
15-
acquittal
16-
penitentiary
17-
reformatory
18-
statutory
19-
judicial
20-
indeterminate
21-
to indict
22-
to banish
23-
to exile
24-
to outlaw
25-
to authorize
26-
to enact
27-
to convict
28-
to execute
29-
to prosecute
30-
to arbitrate
31-
non-disclosure agreement
32-
confidentiality
33-
obligation
34-
infringement
35-
infraction
36-
inviolable
37-
to exempt
38-
to commit
39-
to entrust
40-
to pledge
41-
to slander
proceeding
名词
p
p
r
r
o
ə
c
s
ee
i
d
d
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g
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(法律程序)

(法律程序)

诉讼程序

the formal process or legal action taken within a court to resolve a dispute, administer justice, etc.

example
示例
Click on words
The court proceeding lasted for several weeks as both sides presented their arguments and evidence.
Legal proceedings were initiated to settle the dispute over property rights between the heirs.
provision
名词
p
p
r
r
o
ə
v
v
i
ɪ
s
ʒ
io
ə
n
n
(规定)

(规定)

条款

an agreed-upon condition or requirement outlined in an agreement, law, or document

affidavit
名词
a
æ
ff
f
i
ə
d
d
a
v
v
i
ə
t
t
( affidavit )

( affidavit )

宣誓书

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

testimony
名词
t
t
e
ɛ
s
s
t
t
i
ə
m
m
o
n
n
y
i
( testimony)

( testimony)

证词

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

accusation
名词
a
æ
cc
k
u
j
ə
s
z
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(控诉)

(控诉)

指控

a statement declaring someone's guiltiness with certainty

ruling
名词
r
r
u
u
l
l
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g
(判决)

(判决)

裁决

a decision made by someone with official power, particularly a judge

felony
名词
f
f
e
ɛ
l
l
o
ə
n
n
y
i
(重大犯罪)

(重大犯罪)

重罪

a serious crime such as arson, murder, rape, etc.

parole
名词
p
p
a
ɜ
r
r
o
l
l
e
(假释)

(假释)

保释

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

penalty
名词
p
p
e
ɛ
n
n
a
ə
l
l
t
t
y
i
(惩罚)

(惩罚)

罚款

a punishment given for breaking a rule, law, or legal agreement

libel
名词
l
l
i
b
b
e
ə
l
l
(诽谤声明)

(诽谤声明)

书面诽谤

a written statement in a legal case, outlining the harmful statements made against someone and what they seek from the court

counterclaim
名词
c
k
o
a
u
ʊ
n
n
t
t
e
ɜ
r
r
c
k
l
l
ai
m
m
(对方请求)

(对方请求)

反诉

a response in court, stating an opposing demand

trustee
名词
t
t
r
r
u
ə
s
s
t
t
ee
i
(托管人)

(托管人)

受托人

a person or group of people who control the property or money that belongs to another person

offender
offender
名词
o
ə
ff
f
e
ɛ
n
n
d
d
e
ɜ
r
r
N/A

N/A

a person who commits a crime

verdict
verdict
名词
v
v
e
ɜ
r
r
d
d
i
ɪ
c
k
t
t
(判决)

(判决)

裁决

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

acquittal
名词
a
ə
c
k
q
u
w
i
ɪ
tt
t
a
ə
l
l
(判决无罪)

(判决无罪)

无罪释放

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

conviction
penitentiary
名词
p
p
e
ɛ
n
n
i
ɪ
t
t
e
ɛ
n
n
t
ʧ
ia
ɜ
r
r
y
i
(惩教所)

(惩教所)

监狱

a prison or correctional facility where individuals convicted of serious crimes are confined and undergo rehabilitation

reformatory
名词
uk flag
/ɹɪˈfɔɹməˌtɔɹi/
(教养院)

(教养院)

感化院

an institution designed to reform or rehabilitate young offenders rather than simply punish them

statutory
形容词
s
s
t
t
a
æ
t
ʧ
u
ə
t
t
o
ɔ
r
r
y
i
(法律规定的)

(法律规定的)

法定的

according to or allowed by law

judicial
judicial
形容词
j
ʤ
u
u
d
d
i
ɪ
c
ʃ
ia
ə
l
l
(法庭的)

(法庭的)

司法的

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

indeterminate
形容词
i
ɪ
n
n
d
d
e
ɪ
t
t
e
ɜ
r
r
m
m
i
ɪ
n
n
a
ɪ
t
t
e
(不定期的)

(不定期的)

不确定的

(of a judicial sentence) establishing a range of time within which the offender will serve their sentence, with the possibility of early release

to indict
to indict
动词
i
ɪ
n
n
d
d
i
c
t
t
(起诉)

(起诉)

控告

to officially accuse a person of a crime

语法信息:

及物动词
to banish
to banish
动词
b
b
a
æ
n
n
i
ɪ
sh
ʃ
(驱逐)

(驱逐)

放逐

to force someone to leave a country, often as a form of punishment or to keep them away

语法信息:

及物动词
to exile
to exile
动词
e
ɛ
x
gz
i
l
l
e
(放逐)

(放逐)

流放

to force someone to live away from their native country, usually due to political reasons or as a punishment

repatriate

语法信息:

及物动词
to outlaw
to outlaw
动词
o
a
u
ʊ
t
t
l
l
a
ɔ
w
(取缔)

(取缔)

禁止

to officially state that something is illegal

legalize

语法信息:

及物动词
to authorize
to authorize
动词
au
ɔ
th
θ
o
ɜ
r
r
i
z
z
e
(批准)

(批准)

授权

to officially give permission for a specific action, process, etc.

语法信息:

及物动词
to enact
to enact
动词
e
ɪ
n
n
a
æ
c
k
t
t
(通过)

(通过)

制定

to approve a proposed law

语法信息:

及物动词
to convict
to convict
动词
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
v
v
i
ɪ
c
k
t
t
(宣判有罪)

(宣判有罪)

定罪

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

acquit

语法信息:

及物动词
to execute
to execute
动词
e
ɛ
x
ks
e
ə
c
k
u
ju
t
t
e
(执行死刑)

(执行死刑)

处决

to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

语法信息:

及物动词
to prosecute
to prosecute
动词
p
p
r
r
o
ɑ
s
s
e
ə
c
k
u
ju
t
t
e
(控诉)

(控诉)

起诉

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

defend

语法信息:

及物动词
to arbitrate
to arbitrate
动词
a
ɑ
r
r
b
b
i
ə
t
t
r
r
a
t
t
e
(调解 (tiáojiě))

(调解 (tiáojiě))

仲裁 (zhòngcái)

to officially resolve a disagreement between people

语法信息:

及物动词
non-disclosure agreement
名词
uk flag
/nˈɑːndɪsklˈoʊʒɚɹ ɐɡɹˈiːmənt/
(不披露协议)

(不披露协议)

保密协议

a legally binding contract between parties, typically individuals or businesses, that outlines confidential information that the parties agree not to disclose to others

confidentiality
名词
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
f
f
i
ə
d
d
e
ɛ
n
n
t
ʃ
ia
l
l
i
ə
t
t
y
i
(保密性)

(保密性)

机密性

the assurance that sensitive information will not be divulged without proper consent

obligation
名词
o
ɑ
b
b
l
l
i
ə
g
g
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(责任)

(责任)

义务

an action that one must perform because they are legally or morally forced to do so

infringement
名词
i
ɪ
n
n
f
f
r
r
i
ɪ
n
n
g
ʤ
e
m
m
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(违反)

(违反)

侵权

an action that is against a law. regulation, or agreement

infraction
名词
i
ɪ
n
n
f
f
r
r
a
æ
c
k
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(违法行为)

(违法行为)

违规

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

inviolable
形容词
i
ɪ
n
n
v
v
io
aɪə
l
l
a
ə
b
b
ə
l
l
e
(神圣不可侵犯的)

(神圣不可侵犯的)

不可侵犯的

unable to be broken or dishonored, often due to its importance or protection by law or custom

violable
to exempt
动词
e
ɪ
x
gz
e
ɛ
m
m
p
p
t
t
(豁免)

(豁免)

免除

to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation

enforce
to commit
动词
c
k
o
ə
mm
m
i
ɪ
t
t
(致力于)

(致力于)

承诺

to state that one is bound to do something specific

语法信息:

及物动词
to entrust
to entrust
动词
e
ɛ
n
n
t
t
r
r
u
ə
s
s
t
t
(委托)

(委托)

托付

to give someone the responsibility of taking care of something important, such as a task, duty, or information

语法信息:

ditransitive
to pledge
动词
p
p
l
l
e
ɛ
dg
ʤ
e
(誓言)

(誓言)

承诺

to make a binding agreement

语法信息:

ditransitive
to slander
动词
s
s
l
l
a
æ
n
n
d
d
e
ɜ
r
r
(中伤)

(中伤)

诽谤

to make false and adverse statements about someone for defamation

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