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ACT 人文学科 /

政治与立法机关

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congress
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confederacy
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democracy
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colony
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realm
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party
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senator
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proposition
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summit
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propaganda
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statute
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pact
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nomination
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secession
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commonwealth
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principality
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manifesto
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delegation
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embargo
21-
hyperpartisanship
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bipartisanship
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municipal
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electoral
25-
democrat
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liberal
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Republican
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conservative
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self-governing
30-
transnational
31-
communist
32-
federal
33-
interstate
34-
homeland
35-
authoritarian
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consular
37-
precolonial
38-
to pass
39-
policy
40-
referendum
41-
treaty
42-
amendment
43-
constitution
44-
tenure
45-
inauguration
46-
to reign
47-
mandate
48-
chamber
49-
prime minister
congress
congress
名词
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
g
g
r
r
e
ə
ss
s
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(大会)

(大会)

国会

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

confederacy
名词
c
k
o
ə
n
n
f
f
e
ɛ
d
d
e
ɜ
r
r
a
ə
c
s
y
i
(联盟)

(联盟)

邦联

a group of people or political organization united by a common cause

turnout
名词
t
t
u
ɜ
r
r
n
n
o
a
u
ʊ
t
t
(投票参与率)

(投票参与率)

投票率

the percentage or number of eligible voters who actually cast their vote

democracy
名词
d
d
e
ɪ
m
m
o
ɑ
c
k
r
r
a
ə
c
s
y
i
(民主制度)

(民主制度)

民主

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

colony
名词
c
k
o
ɑ
l
l
o
ə
n
n
y
i
(殖民地带)

(殖民地带)

殖民地

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

realm
名词
r
r
ea
ɛ
l
l
m
m
(王国)

(王国)

领域

a territory or area of land governed by a monarch or sovereign ruler

party
名词
p
p
a
ɑ
r
r
t
t
y
i
(政治团体)

(政治团体)

政党

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

senator
senator
名词
s
s
e
ɛ
n
n
a
ə
t
t
o
ɜ
r
r
(上议员)

(上议员)

参议员

one of the members of Senate

proposition
名词
p
p
r
r
o
ɑ
p
p
o
ə
s
z
i
ɪ
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(方案)

(方案)

提议

a suggestion or plan of action, particularly one in business dealings

summit
名词
s
s
u
ə
mm
m
i
ə
t
t
(首脑会议)

(首脑会议)

峰会

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

propaganda
名词
p
p
r
r
o
ɑ
p
p
a
ə
g
g
a
æ
n
n
d
d
a
ə
(宣传材料)

(宣传材料)

宣传

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

What is "propaganda"?

Propaganda refers to information, often biased or misleading, that is used to promote a particular political cause, ideology, or point of view. It is typically spread with the intention of influencing people's opinions or behaviors, sometimes by presenting facts in a distorted or one-sided way. Propaganda can be found in various forms of media, such as newspapers, television, and social media, and is often used by governments, organizations, or political groups to shape public perception. While propaganda may appear persuasive, it is designed to manipulate rather than inform, often lacking balance or objectivity.

statute
名词
s
s
t
t
a
æ
t
ʧ
u
u
t
t
e
(法律条文)

(法律条文)

法典

an officially written and established law

What is a "statute"?

A statute is a written law enacted by a legislative body, such as a parliament or congress. It establishes legal rules and regulations that must be followed within a particular area or region. Statutes are created through a formal process of drafting, debating, and voting, and they address various aspects of public and private life, including criminal conduct, civil rights, and administrative procedures. Once passed, a statute has the force of law and must be adhered to by individuals and institutions within the area it governs.

pact
名词
p
p
a
æ
c
k
t
t
(协定)

(协定)

条约

a formal agreement between parties, particularly to help one another

nomination
名词
n
n
o
ɑ
m
m
i
ə
n
n
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(候选人推荐)

(候选人推荐)

提名

the process of officially selecting a candidate for either an election or bestowing an honnor

secession
名词
s
s
e
ɪ
c
s
e
ɛ
ss
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(脱离)

(脱离)

分裂

the formal act of breaking away from a larger political entity or organization

commonwealth
名词
c
k
o
ɑ
mm
m
o
ə
n
n
w
w
ea
ɛ
l
l
th
θ
(共同体)

(共同体)

联邦

a political association or entity in which states or countries cooperate and share certain common objectives or interests while retaining their individual independence

principality
名词
p
p
r
r
i
ɪ
n
n
c
s
i
ɪ
p
p
a
æ
l
l
i
ɪ
t
t
y
i
(王子领地)

(王子领地)

公国

a territory or state ruled by a prince, often smaller than a kingdom but with a degree of political independence

manifesto
名词
m
m
a
æ
n
n
i
ə
f
f
e
ɛ
s
s
t
t
o
(声明)

(声明)

宣言

a written public declaration of intentions, opinions, and objectives, often issued by a political party, a government, or a group of individuals with a shared interest or purpose

What is a "manifesto"?

A manifesto is a public declaration of principles, goals, or intentions, often issued by an individual, group, or organization. It outlines their beliefs, values, and plans for action or change, typically aiming to inspire or mobilize support. Manifestos are used in various contexts, including politics, social movements, and artistic movements, to communicate a vision or set of objectives and to influence public opinion or behavior.

delegation
名词
uk flag
/ˌdɛɫəˈɡeɪʃən/
(授权)

(授权)

委托

the process of assigning authority, responsibility, or tasks from a higher authority to a lower-ranking individual or entity to carry out specific duties or functions on their behalf

embargo
名词
e
ɛ
m
m
b
b
a
ɑ
r
r
g
g
o
(贸易禁令)

(贸易禁令)

禁运

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

hyperpartisanship
名词
uk flag
/hˈaɪpɚpˌɑːɹɾɪsənʃˌɪp/
(过度党派倾向)

(过度党派倾向)

极端党派主义

an extreme allegiance to a particular political party or ideology

bipartisanship
名词
b
b
i
p
p
a
ɑ
r
r
t
t
i
ə
s
s
a
ə
n
n
sh
ʃ
i
ɪ
p
p
(两党共识)

(两党共识)

两党合作

agreement and collaboration between two major political parties that typically oppose each other's policies

municipal
形容词
m
m
u
ju
n
n
i
ɪ
c
s
i
ə
p
p
a
ə
l
l
(地方的)

(地方的)

市政的

involving or belonging to the government of a city, town, etc.

electoral
electoral
形容词
e
ɪ
l
l
e
ɛ
c
k
t
t
o
ɜ
r
r
a
ə
l
l
(投票的)

(投票的)

选举的

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

democrat
名词
d
d
e
ɛ
m
m
o
ə
c
k
r
r
a
æ
t
t
(民主主义者)

(民主主义者)

民主党人

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

liberal
形容词
l
l
i
ɪ
b
b
e
ɜ
r
r
a
ə
l
l
(宽容的)

(宽容的)

自由的

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

Republican
Republican
名词
uk flag
/ɹiˈpəbɫəkən/, /ɹiˈpəbɫɪkən/, /ɹɪˈpəbɫɪkən/
(共和人士)

(共和人士)

共和党人

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

语法信息:

专有名词
conservative
形容词
c
k
o
ə
n
n
s
s
e
ɜ
r
r
v
v
a
ə
t
t
i
ɪ
v
v
e
(传统的)

(传统的)

保守派的

holding a political view that supports free enterprise, limited government spending and traditional social views

self-governing
形容词
uk flag
/ˈsɛɫfˈɡəvɝnɪŋ/
(自治的)

(自治的)

自我管理的

(of a territory, organization, etc.) making decisions regarding one's internal affairs without external interference

transnational
transnational
形容词
t
t
r
r
a
æ
n
n
s
s
n
n
a
æ
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
a
ə
l
l
(超国家的)

(超国家的)

跨国的

operating or involving activities across multiple countries or nations

communist
形容词
c
k
o
ɑ
mm
m
u
j
ə
n
n
i
ə
s
s
t
t
(共主义的)

(共主义的)

共产主义的

relating to an ideology or political system advocating for the collective ownership of property and the absence of social classes

federal
形容词
f
f
e
ɛ
d
d
e
ɜ
r
r
a
ə
l
l
(中央的)

(中央的)

联邦的

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

interstate
形容词
i
ɪ
n
n
t
t
e
ɜ
r
r
s
s
t
t
a
t
t
e
(各州之间的)

(各州之间的)

州际的

involving or relating to the interactions or relationships between states within a country or federation

intrastate
homeland
名词
h
h
o
m
m
e
l
l
a
æ
n
n
d
d
(祖国)

(祖国)

故乡

the place where someone or a group of people come from and feel a strong connection to

authoritarian
形容词
au
ə
th
θ
o
ɔ
r
r
i
ə
t
t
a
ɛ
r
r
ia
n
n
(专制的)

(专制的)

权威的

(of a person or system) enforcing strict obedience to authority at the expense of individual freedom

consular
形容词
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
s
s
u
ə
l
l
a
ɜ
r
r
(总领事的)

(总领事的)

领事的

associated with matters or activities of a consulate or consul, particularly the representation and protection of a country's citizens and interests in a foreign city or region

precolonial
形容词
uk flag
/pɹˌiːkəlˈoʊnɪəl/
(殖民前的)

(殖民前的)

前殖民的

relating to the period in a region's history before it was colonized by foreign powers

to pass
动词
p
p
a
æ
ss
s
(制定)

(制定)

通过

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

语法信息:

及物动词
policy
名词
p
p
o
ɑ
l
l
i
ə
c
s
y
i
(方针)

(方针)

政策

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

referendum
名词
r
r
e
ɛ
f
f
e
ɜ
r
r
e
ɛ
n
n
d
d
u
ə
m
m
(全民投票)

(全民投票)

公投

the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question

treaty
名词
t
t
r
r
ea
i
t
t
y
i
(协定)

(协定)

条约

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

What is a "treaty"?

A treaty is a formal, legally binding agreement between two or more parties, typically countries or governments. It is used to regulate relationships and cooperation on various issues, such as trade, defense, or environmental protection. Treaties are negotiated and signed by representatives of the parties involved and often require approval by each party's governing body to become effective. They establish specific terms and conditions that the parties agree to follow and can address a wide range of topics and concerns.

amendment
名词
a
ə
m
m
e
ɛ
n
n
d
d
m
m
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(修订)

(修订)

修正案

a formal change, addition, or alteration made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document

constitution
名词
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
s
s
t
t
i
ə
t
t
u
u
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
( Constitution )

( Constitution )

宪法

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

tenure
名词
t
t
e
ɛ
n
n
u
r
r
e
(任职)

(任职)

任期

a period or condition of holding a position

inauguration
名词
i
ɪ
n
n
au
ɔ
g
g
u
r
r
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(举行就职仪式)

(举行就职仪式)

就职典礼

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

to reign
to reign
动词
r
r
ei
g
n
n
(支配)

(支配)

统治

to have control and authority over a place, like a country

语法信息:

不及物
mandate
名词
m
m
a
æ
n
n
d
d
a
t
t
e
(委任)

(委任)

授权

the legality and power given to a government or other organization after winning an election

chamber
名词
ch
ʧ
a
m
m
b
b
e
ə
r
r
(会议室)

(会议室)

议会厅

a formal meeting place where discussions or decisions take place, particularly within a administrative or judicial context

prime minister
名词
uk flag
/pɹˈaɪm mˈɪnɪstɚ/
(首相)

(首相)

总理

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

语法信息:

复合名词

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