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更近一步观察 2:第4课

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1-
vibrato
2-
virtuoso
3-
ad hoc
4-
ad infinitum
5-
ad nauseam
6-
alma mater
7-
alumnus
8-
a.m.
9-
p.m.
10-
bona fide
11-
platonic
12-
stoic
13-
typhoon
14-
arpeggio
15-
tempo
16-
cappuccino
17-
coloratura
18-
forte
19-
grave
20-
incognito
21-
larghetto
22-
mezzo-soprano
23-
mezzo voce
24-
partita
25-
soprano
26-
staccato
27-
fetus
28-
gratis
29-
hypothesis
30-
i.e.
31-
per capita
32-
per se
33-
post scriptum
34-
proforma
35-
quantum
36-
sputum
37-
status
38-
status quo
39-
verbatim
40-
vice versa
41-
aficionado
42-
cabana
43-
cantina
44-
hasta mañana
45-
mucho
46-
pronto
vibrato
名词
v
v
i
i
b
b
r
r
a
ɑ
t
t
o
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(震音)

(震音)

颤音

a slight, rapid variation in pitch and intensity of a note

example
示例
Click on words
The singer's expressive vibrato added warmth and emotion to the aria.
The cellist's vibrato enriched the tone of the melody, imbuing it with depth and character.
What is "vibrato"?

Vibrato is a musical technique where the pitch of a note is slightly and rapidly varied to create a richer, more expressive sound. This effect is achieved by moving the pitch of the note up and down in a controlled manner. Vibrato adds warmth and depth to the sound, helping to convey emotion and enhance the musical performance. It is commonly used on string instruments, such as the violin and guitar, as well as on wind instruments and in vocal performances.

virtuoso
名词
v
v
i
ɜ
r
r
t
ʧ
uo
uoʊ
s
s
o
(演奏家)

(演奏家)

名家

someone who is highly skilled at playing a musical instrument

Who is a "virtuoso"?

A virtuoso is a highly skilled musician known for their exceptional technical ability and artistry. Virtuosos often excel in their instrument or vocal performance, showcasing remarkable precision, speed, and creativity. Their expertise and command over their craft allow them to perform complex and challenging pieces with impressive ease and expressiveness. Virtuosos are frequently recognized for their outstanding contributions to music and their ability to captivate audiences with their extraordinary performances.

ad hoc
副词
uk flag
/ˈæd hˈɑːk/
(临时)

(临时)

专门

for a certain purpose, especially an immediate one

语法信息:

疑问副词
ad infinitum
副词
uk flag
/ˈæd ɪnfˈɪnaɪɾəm/
(无限期地)

(无限期地)

无止境地

in a way that occurs continuously without a limit

语法信息:

疑问副词
ad nauseam
副词
uk flag
/ˈæd nˈɔːziəm/
(令人厌烦地)

(令人厌烦地)

反复无常地

excessively repeated to the point of annoyance

alma mater
名词
uk flag
/ˈɑːlmə mˈeɪɾɚ/
( alma mater(拉丁语))

( alma mater(拉丁语))

母校

the university, college, or school that one used to study at

What is "alma mater"?

Alma mater refers to the school, college, or university that one has attended and graduated from. It is often used to describe a sense of attachment or pride in the institution, and alumni may refer to their alma mater with fondness as a place where they gained education, experience, and personal growth.

alumnus
名词
a
ə
l
l
u
ə
m
m
n
n
u
ə
s
s
(毕业生)

(毕业生)

校友

a person, particularly a male one, who is a former student of a college, university, or school

Who is an "alumnus"?

An alumnus is an individual, particularly a male, who has previously attended and graduated from a particular college, university, or school. This term refers to someone who is no longer a current student but has completed their studies and earned a degree or diploma. Alumnus typically remains connected to their educational institution through alumni associations or events, often contributing to or supporting their alma mater.

语法信息:

复数形式
alumni
a.m.
a.m.
副词
uk flag
/ˌeɪˈɛm/
(早上)

(早上)

上午

between midnight and noon

无与伦比
p.m.
p.m.
副词
uk flag
/ˌpiˈɛm/
(午后)

(午后)

下午

after noon and before midnight

无与伦比
bona fide
形容词
uk flag
/bˈoʊnə fˈaɪd/
(真品的)

(真品的)

真正的

genuine and not fake

platonic
形容词
p
p
l
l
a
ə
t
t
o
ɑ
n
n
i
ɪ
c
k
(纯精神的)

(纯精神的)

柏拉图式的

(of a relationship) characterized by emotional closeness without romantic or sexual elements

stoic
stoic
形容词
s
s
t
t
oi
oʊɪ
c
k
(冷静的)

(冷静的)

坚忍的

not displaying emotions and not complaining, especially in difficult and painful situations

typhoon
typhoon
名词
t
t
y
ph
f
oo
u
n
n
(飓风)

(飓风)

台风

a tropical storm with violent winds moving in a circle that form over the western Pacific Ocean

arpeggio
名词
a
ɑ:
r
r
p
p
e
ɛ
gg
g
io
ɪoʊ
(分解和弦)

(分解和弦)

琶音

a musical technique where the notes of a chord are played individually in a sequence rather than simultaneously

What is an "arpeggio"?

An arpeggio is a musical technique where the notes of a chord are played in sequence, one after another, rather than simultaneously. It is often played in an ascending or descending order, creating a flowing, broken chord effect. For example, if a chord consists of the notes C, E, and G, an arpeggio would involve playing these notes individually in a smooth, connected manner. Arpeggios are commonly used in various musical styles to add texture and movement to a piece.

tempo
名词
t
t
e
ɛ
m
m
p
p
o
(速度)

(速度)

节奏

the speed that a piece of music is or should be played at

What is a "tempo"?

Tempo is the speed at which a piece of music is played. It indicates how fast or slow the beat of the music should be, affecting the overall pace of the performance. Tempo is usually measured in beats per minute (BPM) and can be marked in sheet music with terms like "allegro" for fast or "adagio" for slow. It helps to set the mood and energy of the music, guiding performers on how quickly or slowly to play each section.

cappuccino
cappuccino
名词
c
k
a
æ
pp
p
u
cc
i
n
n
o
(卡布奇诺咖啡)

(卡布奇诺咖啡)

卡布奇诺

a type of coffee made from espresso mixed with hot milk or cream

What is "cappuccino"?

Cappuccino is a popular coffee-based beverage that is made with equal parts espresso, steamed milk, and frothed milk. It is typically served in a small cup and has a creamy and smooth texture, with a balance of sweet and bitter flavors. The espresso is the base of the drink, while the steamed milk adds a smooth and velvety texture, and the frothed milk adds a light and airy foam on top. Cappuccino is often decorated with a dusting of cocoa powder or cinnamon and is enjoyed as a morning or mid-day pick-me-up. It is a staple of coffee culture around the world and is often served in cafes, restaurants, and coffee shops. Cappuccino is a versatile and customizable beverage that can be adapted to suit individual tastes and preferences.

coloratura
名词
c
k
o
ə
l
l
o
ɜ
r
r
a
ə
t
t
u
ʊ
r
r
a
ə
(花腔女高音)

(花腔女高音)

华彩女高音

a type of soprano singer known for their ability to perform intricate and embellished vocal passages

Who is a "coloratura"?

Coloratura refers to a type of singer, usually a soprano, known for their ability to perform elaborate and intricate vocal passages with agility and precision. This type of singing involves rapid runs, trills, and high notes, showcasing exceptional technical skill and control. Coloratura singers often take on roles that require a high degree of vocal ornamentation and are featured prominently in operas and other vocal performances that demand these advanced abilities.

forte
形容词
f
f
o
ɔ
r
r
t
t
e
(响亮的)

(响亮的)

强音的

played or sung loudly or with strong emphasis

piano
grave
grave
形容词
g
g
r
r
a
v
v
e
(庄重的)

(庄重的)

严肃的

Disapproving

serious and solemn in manner or character

incognito
副词
i
ɪ
n
n
c
k
o
ɔ
g
g
n
n
i
i
t
t
o
(隐形地)

(隐形地)

匿名地

in disguise or using a false identity to avoid being recognized

larghetto
形容词
l
l
a
ɑ:
r
r
gh
g
e
ɛ
tt
t
o
(中等缓慢的)

(中等缓慢的)

稍慢的

Specialized

used to describe a moderately slow tempo, slower than andante but faster than largo

mezzo-soprano
名词
uk flag
/mˈɛzoʊsəpɹˈɑːnoʊ/
(中高音)

(中高音)

中音

a type of classical female singing voice situated between the soprano and contralto ranges

What is "mezzo-soprano"?

Mezzo-soprano is a type of female singing voice that lies between the soprano and contralto ranges. It is characterized by a warm, rich tone and covers notes from the middle to lower part of the vocal spectrum. Mezzo-soprano voices are often used for roles that require a versatile voice with both dramatic and lyrical qualities. This voice type is commonly featured in opera, choral music, and other vocal performances and can portray a wide variety of characters, from young heroines to older, more complex figures.

mezzo voce
名词
uk flag
/mˈɛzoʊ vˈoʊs/
(半声)

(半声)

中声

Specialized

a moderate or half voice, meaning to sing or play at a medium volume, not too loud or too soft

语法信息:

复合名词
partita
名词
p
p
a
ɑ:
r
r
t
t
i
i:
t
t
a
ə
(舞曲集)

(舞曲集)

组曲

Specialized

a musical suite, typically a collection of dance movements, often in the Baroque period

soprano
soprano
名词
s
s
o
ə
p
p
r
r
a
æ
n
n
o
(高音歌手)

(高音歌手)

女高音

a female or young male singer with a singing voice that has the highest range

Who is a "soprano"?

A soprano is a female or young male singer with the highest vocal range in classical and operatic music. Sopranos are able to sing the highest notes and typically perform the highest parts in both solo and choral settings. Their voices are noted for their bright, clear, and often powerful sound, making them suitable for leading roles in operas and other musical performances.

staccato
形容词
s
s
t
t
a
ə
cc
k
a
ɑ
t
t
o
(短促的)

(短促的)

断奏的

a style of playing or singing musical notes with short, distinct intervals between them

legato
fetus
fetus
名词
f
f
e
i
t
t
u
ə
s
s
(胚胎)

(胚胎)

胎儿

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

gratis
gratis
副词
g
g
r
r
a
æ
t
t
i
ə
s
s
(无偿地)

(无偿地)

免费

without costing anything

语法信息:

疑问副词
hypothesis
名词
h
h
y
p
p
o
ɑ
th
θ
e
ə
s
s
i
ə
s
s
(假说)

(假说)

假设

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

i.e.
副词
uk flag
/ˈaɪiː/
(换句话说)

(换句话说)

used to introduce a clarification or explanation

per capita
副词
uk flag
/pɜː kˈæpɪɾə/
(每人)

(每人)

人均

per person

per se
副词
uk flag
/pˌɜː sˈeɪ/
(就其自身而言)

(就其自身而言)

本身

used to describe something as it is, without comparing it to other things

post scriptum
名词
uk flag
/pˈoʊst skɹˈɪptəm/
(后记)

(后记)

附言

Specialized

an additional thought or comment added after the main body of a letter or document, usually after the signature

语法信息:

复合名词
proforma
名词
p
p
r
r
o
ɑ:
f
f
o
o:
r
r
m
m
a
ə
(形式文件)

(形式文件)

形式发票

Formal

something done as a formality or for the sake of procedure, often without necessarily having practical significance

quantum
名词
q
k
u
w
a
ɑ
n
n
t
t
u
ə
m
m
(量子值)

(量子值)

量子

the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further

sputum
名词
s
s
p
p
u
ju
t
t
u
ə
m
m
(唾液)

(唾液)

mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or disease

status
名词
s
s
t
t
a
æ
t
t
u
ə
s
s
N/A

N/A

the condition or situation of something or someone at a particular moment in time

status quo
名词
uk flag
/stˈæɾəs kwˈoʊ/
(现有状态)

(现有状态)

现状

the situation or condition that is currently at hand

语法信息:

复合名词
verbatim
verbatim
副词
v
v
e
ɜ
r
r
b
b
a
t
t
i
ə
m
m
(逐句)

(逐句)

逐字

exactly as spoken or written originally without any changes or additions

语法信息:

疑问副词
vice versa
副词
uk flag
/vˈaɪs vˈɜːsə/
(反过来也一样)

(反过来也一样)

反之亦然

with the order or relations reversed

语法信息:

方式副词
aficionado
名词
a
ə
f
f
i
i
c
ʃ
i
j
o
ə
n
n
a
ɑ
d
d
o
(行家)

(行家)

爱好者

a person who is knowledgeable and enthusiastic about a particular activity, subject, or interest

cabana
cabana
名词
c
k
a
ə
b
b
a
æ
n
n
a
ə
(凉亭)

(凉亭)

小屋

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

What is a "cabana"?

A cabana is a small, simple structure, usually found by the beach or poolside, that provides shelter or shade. It is often open on one or more sides and can be used for relaxing, changing clothes, or storing outdoor items. Cabanas are typically made of lightweight materials like wood, canvas, or bamboo and are popular in vacation spots or resorts. They are designed to offer comfort and protection from the sun while blending in with outdoor settings. Some cabanas may have seating, curtains, or even a small kitchen or bar area.

cantina
名词
c
k
a
æ
n
n
t
t
i
i
n
n
a
ə
(小餐馆)

(小餐馆)

酒吧

Informal
Specialized

a bar or small restaurant, often one that serves wine or alcoholic beverages, especially in Mediterranean countries

hasta mañana
短语
uk flag
/hˈeɪstə (es)maɲˈana(en-us)/
N/A

N/A

Everyday expression

used to say "see you tomorrow," often used as a friendly farewell when you expect to meet someone again the next day

mucho
副词
m
m
u
u
ch
ʧ
o
(很多)

(很多)

非常

Informal

used to express a large quantity or degree of something, meaning "much," "a lot," or "many" depending on context

pronto
副词
p
p
r
r
o
ɑ
n
n
t
t
o
(马上)

(马上)

立刻

Informal

without wasting any time; immediately

祝贺! !

您从46 学习了A Closer Look 2: Lesson 4 个单词。为了改进学习和复习词汇,请开始练习!

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