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C1级单词表 /

Politics

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退出
1-
to lobby
2-
to reform
3-
diplomatic
4-
sovereign
5-
radical
6-
activism
7-
activist
8-
ambassador
9-
dictator
10-
policy maker
11-
propaganda
12-
autonomy
13-
constitution
14-
legislation
15-
mandate
16-
bureaucracy
17-
cabinet
18-
commerce
19-
free trade
20-
poll
21-
alliance
22-
ally
23-
coalition
24-
coup
25-
exile
26-
wing
27-
treaty
28-
capitalism
29-
communism
30-
extremism
31-
fascism
32-
federalism
33-
globalism
34-
liberalism
35-
socialism
36-
administrative
37-
congressional
38-
constitutional
39-
electoral
40-
interim
41-
protocol
42-
to table
43-
entourage
44-
appeasement
to lobby
to lobby
动词
l
l
o
ɑ
bb
b
y
i
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(斡旋)

(斡旋)

游说

to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

example
示例
Click on words
The environmental group decided to lobby lawmakers for stricter regulations on carbon emissions.
He spent years lobbying for healthcare reform, meeting with legislators and presenting data.

语法信息:

不及物
to reform
动词
uk flag
/ɹəˈfɔɹm/, /ɹɪˈfɔɹm/
(修订)

(修订)

改革

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

语法信息:

及物动词
diplomatic
形容词
d
d
i
ɪ
p
p
l
l
o
ə
m
m
a
æ
t
t
i
ɪ
c
k
(外交上的)

(外交上的)

外交的

related to the work of keeping or creating friendly relationships between countries

sovereign
形容词
s
s
o
ɑ
v
v
e
r
r
ei
ə
g
n
n
(自主的)

(自主的)

主权的

(of a country or state) self-governed and free from external control

radical
radical
形容词
r
r
a
æ
d
d
i
ə
c
k
a
ə
l
l
(根本的)

(根本的)

激进的

supporting total and extreme social or political changes

activism
activism
名词
a
æ
c
k
t
t
i
ɪ
v
v
i
ɪ
s
z
ə
m
m
(行动主义)

(行动主义)

激进主义

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

activist
activist
名词
a
æ
c
k
t
t
i
ə
v
v
i
ə
s
s
t
t
(积极分子)

(积极分子)

活动家

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

ambassador
名词
a
æ
m
m
b
b
a
æ
ss
s
a
ə
d
d
o
ɜ
r
r
(大使馆大使)

(大使馆大使)

大使

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

dictator
名词
d
d
i
ɪ
c
k
t
t
a
t
t
o
ɜ
r
r
(专制者)

(专制者)

独裁者

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

policy maker
名词
uk flag
/pˈɑːlɪsi mˈeɪkɚ/
(决策者)

(决策者)

政策制定者

someone who makes decisions about the policies that a government or organization follows

propaganda
名词
p
p
r
r
o
ɑ
p
p
a
ə
g
g
a
æ
n
n
d
d
a
ə
(宣传材料)

(宣传材料)

宣传

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

What is "propaganda"?

Propaganda refers to information, often biased or misleading, that is used to promote a particular political cause, ideology, or point of view. It is typically spread with the intention of influencing people's opinions or behaviors, sometimes by presenting facts in a distorted or one-sided way. Propaganda can be found in various forms of media, such as newspapers, television, and social media, and is often used by governments, organizations, or political groups to shape public perception. While propaganda may appear persuasive, it is designed to manipulate rather than inform, often lacking balance or objectivity.

autonomy
名词
au
ə
t
t
o
ɑ
n
n
o
ə
m
m
y
i
(自主权)

(自主权)

自治

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

constitution
名词
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
s
s
t
t
i
ə
t
t
u
u
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
( Constitution )

( Constitution )

宪法

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

legislation
名词
l
l
e
ɛ
g
ʤ
i
ə
s
s
l
l
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(法律)

(法律)

立法

the act or process of making laws or passing a statute

mandate
名词
m
m
a
æ
n
n
d
d
a
t
t
e
(委任)

(委任)

授权

the legality and power given to a government or other organization after winning an election

bureaucracy
名词
b
b
u
r
r
eau
ɑ
c
k
r
r
a
ə
c
s
y
i
(官僚主义)

(官僚主义)

官僚制度

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

cabinet
名词
c
k
a
æ
b
b
i
ɪ
n
n
e
ɪ
t
t
( cabinet )

( cabinet )

内阁

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

commerce
名词
c
k
o
ɑ
mm
m
e
ɜ
r
r
c
s
e
(贸易)

(贸易)

商业

the act of buying and selling goods and services, particularly between countries

free trade
名词
uk flag
/fɹˈiː tɹˈeɪd/
(无障碍贸易)

(无障碍贸易)

自由贸易

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

语法信息:

复合名词
poll
名词
p
p
o
ll
l
(投票)

(投票)

民意调查

a process in which random people are asked the same questions to find out what the general public thinks about a given subject

alliance
alliance
名词
a
ə
ll
l
ia
aɪə
n
n
c
s
e
(协定)

(协定)

联盟

an association between countries, organizations, political parties, etc. in order to achieve common interests

ally
ally
名词
a
æ
ll
l
y
(同盟国家)

(同盟国家)

盟国

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

coalition
名词
c
k
oa
oʊə
l
l
i
ɪ
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(联合体)

(联合体)

联盟

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

nonalignment
coup
名词
c
k
ou
u
p
(突发政变)

(突发政变)

政变

an unexpected, illegal, and often violent attempt to change a government

exile
名词
e
ɛ
x
gz
i
l
l
e
(放逐)

(放逐)

流亡

the situation of someone who is sent to live in another country or city by force, particularly as a penalty or for political reasons

wing
名词
w
w
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g
(派)

(派)

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

treaty
名词
t
t
r
r
ea
i
t
t
y
i
(协定)

(协定)

条约

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

What is a "treaty"?

A treaty is a formal, legally binding agreement between two or more parties, typically countries or governments. It is used to regulate relationships and cooperation on various issues, such as trade, defense, or environmental protection. Treaties are negotiated and signed by representatives of the parties involved and often require approval by each party's governing body to become effective. They establish specific terms and conditions that the parties agree to follow and can address a wide range of topics and concerns.

capitalism
名词
c
k
a
æ
p
p
i
ɪ
t
t
a
ə
l
l
i
ɪ
s
z
ə
m
m
(资本制)

(资本制)

资本主义

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

socialism
communism
名词
c
k
o
ɑ
mm
m
u
j
ə
n
n
i
ɪ
s
z
m
m
ə
(共制主义)

(共制主义)

共产主义

a political system in which the government controls all industry, every citizen is equally treated, and private ownership does not exist

extremism
名词
e
ɛ
x
ks
t
t
r
r
e
ɛ
m
m
i
ɪ
s
z
ə
m
m
(极端思想)

(极端思想)

极端主义

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

fascism
名词
f
f
a
æ
s
c
ʃ
i
ɪ
ə
s
z
m
m
(法西斯)

(法西斯)

法西斯主义

an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition

federalism
名词
f
f
e
ɛ
d
d
e
ɜ
r
r
a
ə
l
l
i
ɪ
s
z
ə
m
m
(联邦制)

(联邦制)

联邦主义

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

globalism
名词
g
g
l
l
o
b
b
a
ə
l
l
i
ɪ
s
z
ə
m
m
(世界主义)

(世界主义)

全球主义

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

语法信息:

liberalism
名词
l
l
i
ɪ
b
b
e
ɜ
r
r
a
ə
l
l
i
ɪ
s
z
ə
m
m
(自由派思想)

(自由派思想)

自由主义

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

socialism
名词
s
s
o
c
ʃ
ia
ə
l
l
i
ɪ
s
z
ə
m
m
(社群主义)

(社群主义)

社会主义

a political and economic principle in which main industries are controlled by the government and that wealth is equally divided among citizens

capitalism
administrative
形容词
a
ə
d
d
m
m
i
ɪ
n
n
i
ə
s
s
t
t
r
r
a
t
t
i
ɪ
v
v
e
(管理的)

(管理的)

行政的

related to the management and organization of tasks, processes, or resources within an organization or system

congressional
形容词
c
k
o
ə
n
n
g
g
r
r
e
ɛ
ss
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
a
ə
l
l
(国会相关的)

(国会相关的)

国会的

relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government

constitutional
形容词
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
s
s
t
t
i
ə
t
t
u
u
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
a
ə
l
l
(符合宪法的)

(符合宪法的)

宪法的

relating to or in accordance with the rules laid out in a constitution, which is a set of fundamental laws for a country or organization

unconstitutional
electoral
electoral
形容词
e
ɪ
l
l
e
ɛ
c
k
t
t
o
ɜ
r
r
a
ə
l
l
(投票的)

(投票的)

选举的

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

interim
形容词
i
ɪ
n
n
t
e
ɜ
r
r
i
ə
m
m
(暂时的)

(暂时的)

临时的

intended to last only until something permanent is presented

protocol
名词
p
p
r
r
o
t
t
o
ə
c
k
o
ɑ
l
l
(协议)

(协议)

礼仪

a set of rules and appropriate behavior that officials use on formal occasions

to table
动词
t
t
a
b
b
ə
l
l
e
(提案)

(提案)

提交

to formally bring up a proposal, discussion, etc. at a meeting for consideration

entourage
名词
e
ɑ
n
n
t
t
ou
ɜ
r
r
a
ɑ
g
ʒ
e
(随行人员)

(随行人员)

随 entourage

a group of people who work for and accompany a person of power or fame

appeasement
名词
a
ə
pp
p
ea
i
s
z
e
m
m
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(安抚政策)

(安抚政策)

绥靖政策

a policy of giving in to the demands of others in order to maintain peace, often at the cost of one's own principles or values

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