054- Social Issues

fear

noun

f

ea

ɪ

r

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a bad feeling that we get when we are afraid or worried

fearlessness

violence

noun

v

io

aɪə

l

e

ə

n

c

s

e

a crime that is intentionally directed toward a person or thing to hurt, intimidate, or kill them

violent

Adjective

v

io

aɪə

l

e

ə

n

t

using or involving physical force that is intended to damage, harm, or kill

drunk

Adjective

d

r

u

ə

n

k

having had too much alcohol and visibly affected by it

sober

drunk

noun

d

r

u

ʌ

n

k

a person who is in a state of intoxication resulting from the consumption of excessive alcohol

to frighten

Verb

f

r

i

aɪ

gh

t

e

ə

n

to cause a person or animal to feel scared

Grammatical Information:

transitive

expert

Adjective

e

ɛ

x

ks

p

e

ə

r

t

having or showing extensive knowledge, skill, or experience in a particular field

expert

noun

e

ɛ

x

ks

p

e

ɜ

r

t

an individual with a great amount of knowledge, skill, or training in a particular field

to record

Verb

r

e

ɛ

c

k

o

ə

r

d

to store information in a way that can be used in the future

erase

Grammatical Information:

transitive

record

noun

r

e

ɛ

c

k

o

ə

r

d

an item that provides lasting evidence or information about past events, actions, or conditions

enquiry

noun

e

ɪ

n

q

k

u

w

i

aɪ

r

y

i

a formal investigation about a matter; typically important to the public

willing

Adjective

w

i

ɪ

ll

l

i

ɪ

n

g

interested or ready to do something

unwilling

Adjective

u

ə

n

w

i

ɪ

ll

l

i

ɪ

n

g

reluctant or resistant to do something

willing

to account for

Verb

/ɐkˈaʊnt fɔːɹ/

to provide explanations or reasons for a particular situation or set of circumstances

Grammatical Information:

transitive

Phrasal Status

inseparable

phrase's verb

account

phrase's particle

for

trend

noun

t

r

e

ɛ

n

d

an overall way in which something is changing or developing

to consume

Verb

c

k

o

ə

n

s

u

m

e

to eat or drink something

Grammatical Information:

transitive

combination

noun

c

k

o

ɑ

m

b

i

ə

n

a

eɪ

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

a unified whole created by joining or mixing two or more distinct elements or parts together

to combine

Verb

c

k

o

ɑ:

m

b

i

aɪ

n

e

(of different elements) to come together in order to shape a single unit or a group

Grammatical Information:

intransitive

factor

noun

f

a

æ

c

k

t

o

ə

r

one of the things that affects something or contributes to it

charity

noun

ch

ʧ

a

ɛ

r

i

ɪ

t

y

i

an organization that helps those in need by giving them money, food, etc.

cancer

noun

c

k

a

æ

n

c

s

e

ɜ

r

a serious disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of cells in a part of the body that may spread to other parts

What is "cancer"?

Cancer is a disease where abnormal cells grow and spread uncontrollably, often forming lumps or tumors in the body. These abnormal cells can disturb the normal functioning of organs and tissues, leading to a range of symptoms depending on the type and location of the cancer. Common symptoms can include unexplained weight loss, lasting fatigue, changes in bowel or bladder habits, and unusual lumps or growths. There are many different types of cancer, each with its own set of risk factors, causes, and treatment options. Treatment for cancer may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these approaches, depending on the specific type and stage of the cancer. Early detection and immediate treatment are important for improving outcomes and increasing the chances of survival.

Grammatical Information:

lung cancer

noun

/lˈʌŋ kˈænsɚ/

a type of cancer that originates in the lungs, typically linked to smoking but can also occur in non-smokers

What is "lung cancer"?

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the lungs, usually in the cells that line the air passages. It is often associated with smoking, but it can also occur in non-smokers due to other risk factors such as exposure to secondhand smoke, radioactive gas, or air pollution. Symptoms of lung cancer may include persistent cough, chest pain, difficulty breathing, coughing up blood, hoarseness, fatigue, and unexplained weight loss. Treatment options for lung cancer depend on factors such as the type and stage of cancer but may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. Early detection can improve the chances of successful treatment and recovery.

Grammatical Information:

compound noun

homeless

Adjective

h

o

oʊ

m

e

l

e

ə

ss

s

not having a permanent residence or shelter

donation

noun

d

o

oʊ

n

a

eɪ

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

the act of giving in common with others for a common purpose, especially to a charity

to donate

Verb

d

o

oʊ

n

a

eɪ

t

e

to freely give goods, money, or food to someone or an organization

Grammatical Information:

transitive

to raise money

phrase

/ɹˈeɪz mˈʌni/

Collocation

to collect funds, often through various means such as fundraising, investments, donations, or other financial efforts

volunteer

noun

v

o

ɑ

l

u

ə

n

t

ee

ɪ

r

a person who offers to do something, often without being asked or without expecting payment

to volunteer

Verb

v

o

ɑ

l

u

ə

n

t

ee

ɪ

r

to offer to do something without being forced or without payment

Grammatical Information:

intransitive

voluntary

Adjective

v

o

ɑ

l

u

ə

n

t

a

ɛ

r

y

i

working without pay

retired

Adjective

r

e

i

t

i

aɪɜ

r

e

d

no longer working, typically because of old age

passion

noun

p

a

æ

ss

ʃ

io

ə

n

a powerful and intense emotion or feeling toward something or someone, often driving one's actions or beliefs

passionate

Adjective

p

a

æ

ss

ʃ

io

ə

n

a

ə

t

e

showing or having enthusiasm or strong emotions about something one care deeply about

passionless

to compete

Verb

c

k

o

ə

m

p

e

i

t

e

to try to achieve a better result compared to that of other people or things

Grammatical Information:

intransitive

consequence

noun

c

k

o

ɑ

n

s

e

ə

q

k

u

w

e

ə

n

c

s

e

a result, particularly an unpleasant one

as a consequence

Adverb

/æz ɐ kˈɑːnsɪkwəns/

used to indicate that something follows as a result or outcome of a preceding event or action

Grammatical Information:

conjunctive adverb

to force

Verb

f

o

ɔ

r

c

s

e

to make someone behave a certain way or do a particular action, even if they do not want to

Grammatical Information:

ditransitive

rather than

conjunction

/ɹˈæðɚ ðɐn/

used to express a preference or choice between two alternatives

society

noun

s

o

ə

c

s

ie

aɪə

t

y

i

people in general, considered as an extensive and organized group sharing the same laws

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