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archive
/ˈɑɹˌkaɪv/
noun
a place or a collection of records or documents of historical importance
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bibliography
/ˌbɪbɫiˈɑɡɹəfi/
noun
the study of books' history, their classification, production, editions, etc.
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abolition
/ˌæbəˈɫɪʃən/
noun
the act of formally and completely ending a system, practice, institution, or law
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battlefield
/ˈbætəɫˌfiɫd/
noun
an area where a battle is being or was fought
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shield
/ˈʃiɫd/
noun
a large piece of armor made of strong material, carried on the arm by soldiers in the past
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spear
/ˈspɪɹ/
noun
a weapon with a long handle and a metal pointed tip, used for fighting and fishing in the past
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tomahawk
/ˈtɑməˌhɔk/
noun
a small-sized ax used by Native Americans for fighting or as a tool
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bow
/baʊ/
noun
a curved weapon joined at both ends by a string, capable of shooting arrows
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dagger
/ˈdæɡɝ/
noun
a short weapon with a pointed blade
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cannon
/ˈkænən/
noun
a large and powerful gun that was used in the past to fire stone or metal balls
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carriage
/ˈkæɹɪdʒ/, /ˈkɛɹədʒ/
noun
a vehicle with usually four wheels, pulled by one or more horses
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chariot
/ˈtʃɛɹiət/
noun
a vehicle with two wheels, drawn by horses, used in ancient times for warfare and racing
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dungeon
/ˈdəndʒən/
noun
an underground room in which prisoners were confined, particularly in a castle
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fort
/ˈfɔɹt/
noun
a building or group of buildings used by troops to protect an area
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conqueror
/ˈkɑŋkɝɝ/
noun
someone who forcibly takes control of a city or country and its citizens
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successor
/səkˈsɛsɝ/
noun
a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else
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reign
/ˈɹeɪn/
noun
the period that a monarch rules
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to crown
/ˈkɹaʊn/
verb
to place a crown on someone's head in a ceremony so that person officially becomes a king or queen
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peasant
/ˈpɛzənt/
noun
a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries
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primitive
/ˈpɹɪmətɪv/, /ˈpɹɪmɪtɪv/
adjective
characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution
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datable
/dˈeɪɾəbəl/
adjective
able to be dated to a specific time
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prehistoric
/ˌpɹihɪˈstɔɹɪk/
adjective
related or belonging to the time before history was recorded
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ice age
/ˈaɪs ˈeɪdʒ/
noun
one of the periods in history when ice covered large parts of the world
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stone age
/stˈoʊn ˈeɪdʒ/
noun
the early period of human history when people used things such as stone, horn, bone, etc. to make tools
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Bronze Age
/bɹˈɑːnz ˈeɪdʒ/
noun
the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools
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Iron Age
/ˈaɪɚn ˈeɪdʒ/
noun
the period that began about 1100 BC when people used iron tools for the first time
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golden age
/ɡˈoʊldən ˈeɪdʒ/
noun
a period of great prosperity and success, particularly in the past
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medieval
/miˈdivəɫ/, /mɪˈdivəɫ/, /mɪdˈjivəɫ/
adjective
belonging or related to the Middle Ages, which was the period between the 5th and 15th centuries
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Enlightenment
/ˌɛnˈɫaɪtənmənt/
noun
a philosophical movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science were of more importance than tradition and religion
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civil war
/sˈɪvəl wˈɔːɹ/
noun
a war that is between people who are in the same country
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colonial
/kəˈɫoʊniəɫ/
adjective
characteristic of or related to a colony or colonization, the period when one country controls another territory for settlement or exploitation
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imperial
/ˌɪmˈpɪɹiəɫ/
adjective
related to an empire, emperor, or empress
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mythology
/məˈθɑɫəˌdʒi/
noun
a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.
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industrial revolution
/ɪndˈʌstɹɪəl ɹˌɛvəlˈuːʃən/
noun
the period of time in the 18th and 19th centuries that machines were used for the first time for mass production of goods, started in Britain
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pharaoh
/ˈfeɪɹoʊ/, /ˈfɛɹoʊ/
noun
a title used for ancient Egyptian rulers
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archeology
/ˌɑɹkiˈɑɫədʒi/
noun
the study of civilizations of the past and historical periods by the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains
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bloodline
/ˈblʌdˌlaɪn/
noun
all family members of a person over several generations, particularly a notable person
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artifact
/ˈɑɹtəˌfækt/
noun
a man-made object, tool, weapon, etc. that was created in the past and holds historical or cultural significance
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war-torn
/wˈɔːɹtˈɔːɹn/
adjective
(of a country or place) damaged or destroyed severely as an aftermath of war
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ranged weapon
/reɪnʤd ˈwɛpən/
noun
any weapon that is capable of hitting a target at a distance beyond the reach of hands
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melee weapon
/ˈmɛleɪ ˈwɛpən/
noun
a hand-held weapon such as a sword, spear, etc., used when one attacks enemies at a close range
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machete
/məˈʃɛˌti/, /məˈtʃɛˌti/
noun
a long knife that has a wide and heavy blade, used as a weapon or a tool to cut plants and trees
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spartan
/ˈspɑɹtən/
adjective
relating to a city-state in ancient Greece called Sparta or its people
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