Words related to "Society" | Essential Vocabulary for the GRE

stratum

noun

s

t

r

a

æ

t

u

ə

m

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a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

Example

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The study focused on the middle-income stratum of society.

She belonged to a stratum with a high level of education.

acculturation

noun

a

cc

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u

ʌ

l

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ʧ

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ə

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a

eɪ

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io

ə

n

the process of cultural exchange and adaptation when individuals or groups from different cultures come into contact, leading to changes in their respective cultural patterns

apartheid

noun

a

ə

p

a

ɑ

r

th

t

ei

aɪ

d

a system where people are treated differently or separated based on their race, ethnicity, or other characteristics

aristocracy

noun

a

ɛ

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i

ə

s

t

o

ɑ

c

k

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a

ə

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i

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

bourgeoisie

noun

b

ou

ʊ

r

g

ʒ

e

o

i

s

z

ie

i

the society's middle class

class-conscious

Adjective

/klˈæskˈɑːnʃəs/

fully aware of the ranking system that distinguishes the general public

hierarchical

Adjective

h

ie

aɪ

r

a

ɑ

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ch

k

i

ə

c

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l

relating to a system that is organized based on social ranking or levels of authority

nonhierarchical

demographic

noun

d

e

ɛ

m

o

ə

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a

æ

ph

f

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ɪ

c

k

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

ethnicity

noun

e

ɛ

th

θ

n

i

ɪ

c

s

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ɪ

t

y

i

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

subsistence

noun

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u

ə

b

s

i

ɪ

s

t

e

ə

n

c

s

e

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

overlord

noun

/ˈoʊvɝˌɫɔɹd/

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

polity

noun

p

o

ɑ

l

i

ə

t

y

i

a political organization of a group of people with a shared identity that is part of a larger political system itself

to segregate

Verb

s

e

ɛ

g

r

e

ə

g

a

eɪ

t

e

to employ a system that sorts out people in the society based on their race or religion

desegregate

Grammatical Information:

transitive

caste

noun

c

k

a

æ

s

t

e

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

supremacist

noun

s

u

p

r

e

ɛ

m

a

ə

c

s

i

ɪ

s

t

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

political asylum

noun

/pəlˈɪɾɪkəl ɐsˈaɪləm/

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

Grammatical Information:

compound noun

benefactor

noun

b

e

ɛ

n

e

ə

f

a

æ

c

k

t

o

ɜ

r

a person who gives money or support to help others

class struggle

noun

/klˈæs stɹˈʌɡəl/

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

Grammatical Information:

compound noun

deportation

noun

d

e

i

p

o

ɔ

r

t

a

eɪ

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

discrimination

noun

d

i

ɪ

s

c

k

r

i

ɪ

m

i

ə

n

a

eɪ

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

to displace

Verb

d

i

ɪ

s

p

l

a

eɪ

c

s

e

to make someone leave their home by force, particularly because of an unpleasant event

Grammatical Information:

transitive

elite

noun

e

eɪ

l

i

t

e

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

homophobia

noun

h

o

oʊ

m

o

ə

ph

f

o

oʊ

b

ia

iə

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

to impoverish

Verb

i

ɪ

m

p

o

ɑ

v

e

r

i

ɪ

sh

ʃ

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

enrich

indigent

Adjective

i

ɪ

n

d

i

ɪ

g

ʤ

e

ə

n

t

Formal

extremely poor or in need

intersectional

Adjective

i

ɪ

n

t

e

ə

r

s

e

ɛ

c

k

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

a

ə

l

related to the social categories such as gender, race, sexuality, or age and the way they can extend over the experiences of an individual belonging to an oppressed population

to marginalize

Verb

m

a

ɑ

r

g

ʤ

i

ə

n

a

ə

l

i

aɪ

z

e

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

Grammatical Information:

transitive

to naturalize

Verb

n

a

æ

t

ʧ

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ɜ

r

a

ə

l

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aɪ

z

e

to admit a foreigner as an official citizen in a country

denaturalize

parity

noun

p

a

ɛ

r

i

ə

t

y

i

a state in which two or more things are equal

penury

noun

p

e

ɛ

n

u

jʊ

r

y

i

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

positive discrimination

noun

/pˈɑːzɪtˌɪv dɪskɹˌɪmᵻnˈeɪʃən/

the act of enhancing different opportunities for the people who have been treated as inferior due to belonging to a specific social category like race, sex, and etc. in a society

Grammatical Information:

compound noun

quota system

noun

/kwˈoʊɾə sˈɪstəm/

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

Grammatical Information:

compound noun

slumlord

noun

s

l

u

ʌ

m

l

o

ɔ:

r

d

an owner of a house of land in a location where people are exceedingly poor and have really bad living conditions, who demands rents more than one can afford

social conscience

noun

/sˈoʊʃəl kˈɑːnʃəns/

an awareness of other people's pain and problems who have a bad condition in the society and feeling a sense of duty to take care of them

Grammatical Information:

compound noun

bigotry

noun

b

i

ɪ

g

o

ə

t

r

y

i

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

unrest

noun

u

ə

n

r

e

ɛ

s

t

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

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