a harmful program that pretends to be legitimate and can give unauthorized access to a computer or device

a text containing instructions in a specific order that supports a programming language which human can read and it specifies the behaviors of a computer system

to verify a device, user, or process before an access to the computer's resources is allowed

to start a computer, putting it into a state of readiness for operation

an early version of a software that incorporates new features and is released to a limited number of users for testing before its final release; enabling the identification and resolution of bugs and errors

a small program that initiates the loading of a more complex operating system; typically stored in the computer's firmware or read-only memory

(computing) a type of computer memory in which information that is often in use can be stored temporarily, a cache can be accessed quickly and is needed while a program is running

a unit for measuring the size of computer data equal to eight bits

the ability of a computer, software, or equipment to work with another device or software

the set-up, hardware, and software of a computer that makes a complete system

to cause errors or damage to a digital file, program, or system, either intentionally or unintentionally, due to a malfunction or interference

the non-physical space in which communication over computer networks takes place

a tool that analyzes and identifies issues, errors, or problems within the software or system

to convert machine code back into human-readable assembly language or source code for analysis or modification

a small hardware device that connects to a computer, smartphone, or other electronic device to provide additional functionality, often for purposes such as wireless communication, security, or data storage

a type of non-volatile memory in a computer or electronic device where data is permanently stored

a server that acts as an intermediary between a user's device and the internet, forwarding requests and responses to enhance security, privacy, or performance

unauthorized reproduction, distribution, or use of copyrighted materials, such as software, music, movies, or books

a small piece of code or update applied to existing software to fix issues, enhance functionality, or address vulnerabilities

(computing) describing a computer program whose source code is available to everyone

a condition where a circuit or electrical system experiences a current higher than its designed capacity; potentially leading to overheating and damage

(of software or a code) intentionally designed to harm, damage, or disrupt computer systems, networks, or data

a private network within an organization for internal communication, collaboration, and resource sharing among members

(computing) the program through which a user can interact with a computer, especially its design and appearance

to convert data or information into a coded form, mainly to prevent unauthorized access

a technology that compresses and decompresses audio or video data; facilitating efficient storage, transmission, and playback of multimedia content

(computing) a type of software stored in a way that it cannot be modified or erased

to create a new set of data by using a mathematical or logical process to transform an existing set of data

the speed at which a computer can process information, expressed in (MHz)

a unit for measuring the size of computer data that equals 8 bits

a system of encoding information using two distinct symbols, typically 0 and 1; representing the fundamental language of machine code executed by computers

characterized by a mode in which data or a file is accessible for viewing but cannot be modified or altered

to extract audio or video content from a physical medium, such as a CD or DVD; converting it into a digital format for storage or playback

a data structure that removes data in the reverse order of saving them and serves as a temporary storage

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

to identify, analyze, and resolve problems or malfunctions in a system, device, or process to restore it to proper functioning

the visual interaction that users have with the computer through icons, menus, etc.