Art Nouveau
/ˈɑːɹt nˈuːvoʊ/
noun
a style of art and architecture, predominant in late 19th century, marked by complex curved patterns depicting natural objects such as flowers and plants
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Examples

1Yoshitaka Amano, the character designer for early Final Fantasy games was heavily influenced by European movements like Art Nouveau.
2There was a revival of Art Nouveau during the '80s and Art Deco, as well.
3They were part of the wider Art Nouveau movement and a wholesale revisioning of Vienna from old and stuffy to modern, international, and decadent.
4Yeah, or like an art nouveau movie or something like that where they change the characters.
5So we are inspired by the art nouveau posters that come out at around this time.
Baroque
/bɝˈoʊk/
noun
an ornate and grand style of art, music, and architecture present in the 17th and early 18th centuries in Europe
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Examples

1It features baroque carvings of oriental themes.
2Do you like that, the baroque?
3- That's pretty Baroque.
4The monster is a Baroque figure.
5Notice the Baroque suffusing of love with death.
Bauhaus
/bˈɔːhaʊs/
noun
a style of architecture, originated in Germany in early 20th century, with simple and practical geometric designs and no elaborate decorations, using materials such as concrete, steel, and glass
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Examples

1The Bauhaus was founded in 1919 by architect Walter Gropius.
2So for the Bauhaus The company was called LOI.
3Welcome to the home of Bauhaus.
4Nearby, you also have other buildings in the Bauhaus style.
5Bauhaus: translated from German as building house.
brutalism
/bɹˈuːɾəlˌɪzəm/
noun
a style of architecture, mostly present in 1950s and 1960s in the United Kingdom, marked by bulky and simple blocks made from concrete and steel
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Examples

1Europe was recovering from World War II when Brutalism was at its peak.
2It's called brutalism.
3And TJ Von Pea, who points us towards a piece on brutalism, like from architecture, in web design.
4You know, because of that brutalism architecture.
5I went to Yale for graduate school, studied in a building of this style by Le Corbusier, affectionately known in our business as Brutalism.
modernism
/ˈmɑdɝˌnɪzəm/
noun
a style or movement in art, literature, and architecture developed in the beginning of 20th century that greatly differs from ones that are traditional
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Examples

1Modernism was all around.
2He led the charge toward modernism in the late 1800s.
3And modernism is all about verticality, from a certain angle.
4His interests include critical theory, aesthetic modernism, and the history of full employment discourses.
5That's especially important to Modernism.
Victorian architecture
/vɪktˈoːɹiən ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style prevalent during the reign of Queen Victoria in Britain, characterized by ornate details, eclectic influences, and a combination of Gothic Revival, Italianate, and Queen Anne styles

Examples

Romanesque architecture
/ɹˌoʊmeɪnˈɛsk ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style that prevailed in Western Europe during the 11th and 12th centuries, characterized by its thick walls, rounded arches, and sturdy construction

Examples

Tudor architecture
/tjˈuːdɚɹ ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style prevalent in England during the Tudor period, characterized by half-timbered structures, steep gabled roofs, ornamental brickwork, and decorative details

Examples

Arts and Crafts architecture
/ˈɑːɹts ænd kɹˈæfts ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style that emerged in the late 19th century, emphasizing craftsmanship, natural materials, and traditional techniques

Examples

postmodernism
/ˌpoʊstˈmɑdɝˌnɪzm/
noun
a movement and style in art, literature, architecture, etc. in the 20th century, which reacted against modernism and is usually marked by a return to earlier styles and inclusion of features from various periods
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Examples

1This is your postmodernism hat.
2There is no one postmodernism hat, only infinite possibilities.
3What's the Dean with postmodernism?
4It belongs to Postmodernism.
5What is Postmodernism?
Norman architecture
/nˈoːɹmən ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style that emerged in Normandy and England during the medieval period, characterized by sturdy construction, rounded arches, and decorative elements

Examples

Perpendicular architecture
/pˌɜːpəndˈɪkjʊlɚɹ ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
a style of English Gothic architecture that emerged in the late 14th century, characterized by vertical lines, elaborate window tracery, and a focus on intricate detailing and ornamentation

Examples

Regency architecture
/ɹˈiːdʒənsi ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style that was prevalent in Britain during the Regency era, characterized by a fusion of neoclassical and Georgian influences

Examples

traditional architecture
/tɹɐdˈɪʃənəl ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
architectural styles, designs, and techniques that are rooted in historical, cultural, or regional contexts, often embodying enduring principles and craftsmanship

Examples

Deconstructivism
/dˌiːkənstɹˈʌktɪvˌɪzəm/
noun
an architectural style that challenges traditional design principles by utilizing fragmented forms, non-linear geometries, and the manipulation of structural elements to create dynamic and unconventional buildings

Examples

sustainable architecture
/səstˈeɪnəbəl ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the practice of designing and constructing buildings that prioritize environmental responsibility, energy efficiency, resource conservation, and the well-being of occupants

Examples

Islamic architecture
/ɪslˈɑːmɪk ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural styles influenced by Islamic culture, featuring intricate geometric patterns and decorative elements

Examples

Edwardian architecture
/ɛdwˈɔːɹdiən ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style prevalent during the reign of King Edward VII, characterized by a mix of traditional and modern design elements

Examples

Georgian architecture
/dʒˈɔːɹdʒən ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style of the Georgian period (1714-1830), featuring symmetrical designs, classical influences, and refined detailing

Examples

structural expressionism
/stɹˈʌktʃɚɹəl ɛkspɹˈɛʃənˌɪzəm/
noun
an architectural style that emphasizes the visual expression of a building's structural elements and construction techniques

Examples

Streamline Moderne
/stɹˈiːmlaɪn mˈɑːdɚn/
noun
an architectural style that emerged in the 1930s characterized by sleek, aerodynamic forms, smooth curved lines, and an emphasis on the horizontal design elements

Examples

Ancient Roman architecture
/ˈeɪnʃənt ɹˈoʊmən ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural styles and structures developed by the ancient Romans, characterized by monumental buildings and classical elements such as arches and vaults

Examples

Renaissance architecture
/ɹˈɛnəsˌɑːns ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style that emerged during the Renaissance period, characterized by a revival of classical elements, harmonious proportions, and humanist design principles

Examples

International Style
/ˌɪntɚnˈæʃənəl stˈaɪl/
noun
a modernist architectural movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by functionalism, simplicity, and the use of industrial materials such as glass, steel, and concrete

Examples

Rococo
/ɹəˈkoʊˌkoʊ/
noun
an elaborate and heavily decorated style of art, architecture, and furniture with asymmetrical patterns that was prevalent in Europe in the 18th century
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Examples

1I felt similarly taking in the work of Dominican born Firelei Baez, whose paintings of Creole women in red headscarves replaced the Rococo mirrors that usually adorn the space.
2Completed in 1856, it's the ultimate Rococo monument resembling the chateaus of France.
3While this bold pattern may have had some exposure in Rococo times, it's important to remember that its bold features are extremely foreign in a modern context.
4Remember, Baroque is essentially seventeenth century spilling over into the eighteenth century where it becomes Rococo, if you want to be more precise.
5So number one is a gilded Rococo or Baroque style mirror, as big as you can handle it.
Byzantine architecture
/bˈɪzɐntˌiːn ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style that developed in the Byzantine Empire, characterized by its use of domes, elaborate decoration, and a fusion of Roman, Greek, and Eastern influences

Examples

classical architecture
/klˈæsɪkəl ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
a style influenced by ancient Greek and Roman designs, known for its balanced proportions and use of classical elements like columns and pediments

Examples

colonial architecture
/kəlˈoʊnɪəl ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style that emerged during the colonial period, often characterized by symmetrical designs, decorative details, and influences from the colonizing country's architectural traditions

Examples

contemporary architecture
/kəntˈɛmpɚɹˌɛɹi ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style of the present time, characterized by innovative design, experimentation, and a focus on sustainable and technology-driven solutions
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Examples

1And because I think of the Colosseum as the very icon of Rome, I've called today's lecture "The Creation of an Icon: The Colosseum and Contemporary Architecture in Rome."
New Classicism
/nˈuː klˈæsɪsˌɪzəm/
noun
an architectural style that combines classical design elements with contemporary aesthetics and technologies

Examples

ancient Greek architecture
/ˈeɪnʃənt ɡɹˈiːk ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style developed by the ancient Greeks, characterized by its use of proportion, harmony, and distinctive elements such as columns, pediments, and entablatures

Examples

Gothic Revival
/ɡˈɑːθɪk ɹɪvˈaɪvəl/
noun
an architectural style that emerged in the 18th and 19th centuries, characterized by the reintroduction of Gothic elements and forms inspired by medieval architecture
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Examples

1He hated growing up at the castle and later commissioned architect William Burges to transform it in lavish Gothic Revival style.
revivalism
/ɹɪvˈaɪvəlˌɪzəm/
noun
the architectural movement that sought to revive or recreate architectural styles from the past, often drawing inspiration from historical periods such as Classical, Gothic, or Renaissance

Examples

Neoclassical architecture
/nˌiːoʊklˈæsɪkəl ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
a style that draws inspiration from classical Greek and Roman architecture, characterized by symmetry, simplicity, and the use of classical elements such as columns and pediments

Examples

Expressionist architecture
/ɛkspɹˈɛʃənˌɪst ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
a distinctive architectural style characterized by the use of bold shapes, dynamic forms, and expressive design elements to evoke emotional responses

Examples

vernacular
/vɝˈnækjəɫɝ/
noun
an architecture style that is functional is used in ordinary houses, not building that are monumental or public
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Examples

1Known in the English vernacular as "touch."
2The next word is vernacular, another word for language, particularly when talking about a native language.
3on the one hand, you have vernacular music.
4The contemporary scientific vernacular of this makes use of the notion of dual processing.
5The vernacular would be typhoon.
ancient Egyptian architecture
/ˈeɪnʃənt ɪdʒˈɪpʃən ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the distinctive architectural style developed by the ancient Egyptians, characterized by monumental structures, grandiose temples, and the use of symbolic motifs such as obelisks and pyramids

Examples

Cistercian architecture
/sˈɪstɚʃˌiən ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
the architectural style associated with the Cistercian order of monks, known for its simplicity, austerity, and emphasis on functional design, with features such as unadorned walls, large windows, and open, light-filled spaces

Examples

Neo-futurism
/nˈiːoʊfjˈuːtʃɚɹˌɪzəm/
noun
a futuristic design movement that combines architecture, art, and technology with a focus on innovation and sustainability

Examples

regional modernism
/ɹˈiːdʒənəl mˈɑːdɚnˌɪzəm/
noun
an architectural movement that combines modern design principles with local cultural, climatic, and contextual considerations to create buildings that are both contemporary and rooted in their specific regional context

Examples

parametricism
/pˌæɹəmˈɛtɹɪsˌɪzəm/
noun
an architectural style characterized by the use of computational design tools and algorithms to generate complex and organic forms

Examples

Gothic architecture
/ɡˈɑːθɪk ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
a style that originated in medieval Europe, characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses

Examples

Art Deco
/ˈɑːɹt dˈɛkoʊ/
noun
a style of art, popular in 1920s and 1930s, characterized by the frequent use of geometric shapes with distinct borders and strong colors
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Examples

1And these were absolutely beautiful Art Deco sculptures that had been promised to the Metropolitan Museum.
2And these were absolutely beautiful Art Deco sculptures that had been promised to the Metropolitan Museum.
3There was a revival of Art Nouveau during the '80s and Art Deco, as well.
4This is one of my treasured possessions, an Art Deco bar.
5[Narrator] Art Deco is a style of visual arts that influenced everything from architecture to everyday objects.
neomodern
/nˈiːoʊmˌɑːdɚn/
noun
a contemporary architectural style that combines modern design principles with innovative materials and technologies

Examples

postmodern architecture
/pˈoʊstmɑːdɚn ˈɑːɹkɪtˌɛktʃɚ/
noun
a style characterized by the rejection of strict modernist principles and the incorporation of diverse architectural elements, historical references, and playful design elementS

Examples

eclecticism
/ɪklˈɛktɪsˌɪzəm/
noun
a style or approach that combines various architectural influences, elements, or styles from different time periods or cultures to create a unique and diverse design
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Examples

1Looking at all of these, I kept marveling at the eclecticism of most everybody's book collections.
2So we see this interesting eclecticism here: a pool based on Egypt, with some Egyptianizing statuary, but also interspersed with Greek statues, based on famous Greek prototypes.
early English Gothic
/ˈɜːli ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ɡˈɑːθɪk/
noun
a style of Gothic architecture that emerged in the late 12th century in England and is characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and large windows with geometric tracery

Examples

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You've reviewed all the words in this lesson!