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Arch and Vault

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keystone

rise

rib vault

spandrel

keystone

noun

oʊ

a stone located at the top center of an arch, keeping all the other stones together

key

Example

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The archway was supported by a central keystone, which locked the structure into place and distributed the weight evenly.

The Renaissance bridge featured a carved keystone depicting a mythological figure, serving as a focal point of the design.

What is a "keystone"?

In architecture, a keystone is the central stone at the top of an arch that holds the other stones in place. It is typically larger than the other stones and is shaped to fit perfectly into the arch's curve. The keystone plays a crucial role in distributing weight and maintaining the stability of the arch. Besides its functional importance, the keystone can also serve as a decorative element, often featuring unique carvings or designs. This feature enhances the overall beauty of the structure while providing essential structural support.

Word Family

key

stone

keystone

Noun

rise

noun

aɪ

the vertical distance or height between the springing point and the highest point of the arch

key

What is the "rise"?

In architecture, the rise refers to the vertical distance from the springing point of an arch or vault to its highest point, which is often the apex or crown. This measurement is important in determining the shape and overall appearance of the arch. A greater rise typically results in a steeper and more pronounced curve, while a smaller rise creates a flatter arch. The rise is a key factor in both the structural integrity and aesthetic quality of an arch, influencing how it interacts with the surrounding space and other architectural elements.

Word Family

key

stone

keystone

Noun

rib vault

noun

/ɹˈɪb vˈɑːlt/

an architectural feature that consists of a series of arched ribs or arches that intersect to form a structural framework supporting a vaulted ceiling

key

What is a "rib vault"?

A rib vault is an architectural feature formed by the intersection of two or more pointed arches, creating a framework that supports the ceiling of a building. The design consists of rib-like structures that outline the edges of the vault, adding both strength and visual interest. Rib vaults are often found in Gothic and Romanesque architecture, typically used in churches and cathedrals. This style allows for larger and more open interior spaces while effectively distributing weight and stress. Rib vaults also provide opportunities for decorative elements, such as intricate patterns or sculptures, enhancing the overall aesthetic of the structure.

Grammatical Information:

compound noun

Word Family

key

stone

keystone

Noun

spandrel

noun

the triangular or curved space between an arch and the surrounding vertical supports, typically filled with decorative elements or panels

key

What is a "spandrel"?

A spandrel is the triangular or curved space between the outer curve of an arch and the surrounding wall or frame. It often appears in structures with multiple arches, such as bridges or buildings with arched doorways or windows. Spandrels can serve both structural and decorative purposes, sometimes filled with carvings or other ornamental details, enhancing the visual appeal of the space while helping support the arches. They play an important role in distributing the weight of the arches and maintaining the overall balance of the structure.

Word Family

key

stone

keystone

Noun

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