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Classical Architecture

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pediment

entablature

portico

arcade

loggia

amphitheater

arch

pediment

noun

the triangular upper portion of the entrance of a building, often seen in buildings with Classical architecture

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The neoclassical building had a grand entrance adorned with a triangular pediment, supported by columns.

The Greek temple's pediment depicted scenes from mythology, carved in intricate relief sculptures.

What is a "pediment"?

A pediment is a triangular-shaped architectural element that sits atop a building, often found above the entrance or windows. It is created by the sloping roof that meets at the top, forming a triangle. Pediments are typically adorned with decorative features, such as sculptures, reliefs, or ornamental detailing, adding visual interest and elegance to the structure. This design is commonly seen in classical architecture, particularly in Greek and Roman buildings, where it serves as a prominent and attractive feature. The pediment enhances the overall aesthetic of a building while also providing a sense of grandeur and importance to the entrance.

entablature

noun

the horizontal, decorative element that rests on top of columns or pillars in architecture

What is an "entablature"?

An entablature is a horizontal structure that rests on top of columns in classical architecture. It consists of three main parts: the architrave, which is the lower section that directly sits on the columns; the frieze, which is the middle section that may feature decorative elements; and the cornice, which is the uppermost section that projects outward. The entablature serves both decorative and structural purposes, helping to support the roof while also adding visual interest to the building. This architectural feature is commonly found in temples and other important structures from ancient Greece and Rome, contributing to their grandeur and elegance.

portico

noun

oʊ

a covered entrance or porch with columns, typically leading to the main entrance of a building and serving as a decorative architectural feature

What is a "portico"?

A portico is a covered entrance or walkway that is supported by columns or pillars, often leading to the main door of a building. This architectural feature provides a sheltered area for people to enter and exit, protecting them from the weather. Porticos can vary in size and design, ranging from simple structures to elaborate entrances adorned with decorative elements. They are commonly found in classical architecture, particularly in Greek and Roman buildings, and can also be seen in neoclassical and modern designs. A portico enhances the aesthetic appeal of a building while offering a functional space for visitors.

arcade

noun

eɪ

an arch-covered passage along the side of a group of buildings

What is an "arcade"?

An arcade is a row of connected arches supported by columns or pillars, commonly found in architecture. These arches often form walkways or passageways, either inside or outside a building, and are designed to create a sense of openness while also providing support for the structure above. Arcades are frequently seen in churches, marketplaces, and courtyards, and they allow for a combination of shelter and airflow. They add both functional and decorative elements to buildings, enhancing their appearance while serving practical purposes like shading and directing foot traffic.

loggia

noun

iə

a room or gallery that is open in one or more sides, particularly one that is attached to a house and faces a garden on one side

What is a "loggia"?

A loggia is a covered outdoor space that has open sides and is often supported by columns or arches. It is usually attached to a building and provides a comfortable area for relaxing, socializing, or enjoying the outdoors while being sheltered from the sun or rain. Loggias can be found in homes, palaces, and public buildings, adding an elegant architectural feature that enhances the connection between indoor and outdoor spaces. They are commonly used in warmer climates, allowing people to enjoy fresh air and views while remaining protected from the elements.

Grammatical Information:

Plural form

loggie

amphitheater

noun

ieɪ

an open building that is round or oval in shape and has a space in the middle surrounded by several seats, originated in ancient Roman and Greek architecture used for public entertainments such as sports or drama

What is an "amphitheater"?

An amphitheater is a large, open-air structure designed for performances and events, typically featuring a circular or oval shape with seats arranged around a central stage or arena. This layout allows for excellent visibility and acoustics, making it suitable for various activities such as plays, concerts, and sports. Amphitheaters were popular in ancient Roman and Greek cultures, serving as venues for public entertainment and gatherings. They often include tiered seating to accommodate large audiences, and some amphitheaters may also feature elaborate architectural details, enhancing their aesthetic appeal.

arch

noun

a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings

What is an "arch"?

An arch is a curved structure that spans an opening, typically made of stone, brick, or other materials. It is designed to support weight from above while allowing for clear space below. Arches are often used in doorways, windows, and bridges, creating a strong and stable shape that can distribute weight evenly. The curved design not only provides structural strength but also adds an aesthetic element to buildings and structures. Arches have been used in architecture for thousands of years and are an essential feature in various styles, from ancient Roman to modern design.

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