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tambour
/tˈæmbɚ/
noun
a round or drum-shaped architectural element that is often used for decorative purposes above doors or windows in buildings, or as a part of a dome
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glyph
/ɡlˈɪf/
noun
a decorative element or symbol carved or inscribed onto a surface
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triglyph
/tɹˈɪɡlɪf/
noun
a decorative element consisting of vertical rectangular blocks with three vertical grooves called glyphs
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pediment
/pˈɛdɪmənt/
noun
the triangular upper portion of the entrance of a building, often seen in buildings with Classical architecture
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entablature
/ɛntˈæblətʃɚ/
noun
the horizontal, decorative element that rests on top of columns or pillars in architecture
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portico
/ˈpɔɹtəˌkoʊ/
noun
a covered entrance or porch with columns, typically leading to the main entrance of a building and serving as a decorative architectural feature
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classical order
/klˈæsɪkəl ˈɔːɹdɚ/
noun
a system of architectural design based on specific proportions, column styles, and decorative elements derived from ancient Greek and Roman architecture
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xyst
/zˈaɪst/
noun
a long, open garden or promenade surrounded by covered colonnades or porticoes
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architrave
/ˈɑɹkəˌtɹeɪv/
noun
the lowest horizontal element of a classical entablature, typically located above the columns and below the frieze
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metope
/mˈɛɾoʊp/
noun
a rectangular space or panel between the triglyphs in a Doric frieze, often decorated with relief sculptures or painted designs
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doric frieze
/dˈoːɹɪk fɹˈiːz/
noun
a horizontal band or section of an entablature in classical architecture, typically found in the Doric order, characterized by alternating triglyphs (rectangular blocks with vertical grooves) and metopes (spaces or panels)
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Doric order
/dˈoːɹɪk ˈɔːɹdɚ/
noun
a simple and sturdy architectural style with fluted columns, a plain capital, and a frieze with triglyphs and metopes
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arcade
/ɑɹˈkeɪd/
noun
an arch-covered passage along the side of a group of buildings
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peristyle
/ˈpɛɹəˌstaɪɫ/
noun
a columned porch or courtyard that surrounds a building or an open space, typically found in ancient Greek and Roman architecture
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stoa
/stˈoʊə/
noun
a covered walkway or colonnade in ancient Greek architecture, typically consisting of a long row of columns with a roof overhead
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odeon
/ˈoʊdiən/
noun
a small, roofed theater or auditorium in ancient Greece and Rome used for musical performances, poetry readings, and other cultural events
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basilica
/bəˈsɪɫɪkə/, /bəˈzɪɫəkə/
noun
a large, rectangular building with a central nave, side aisles, and often a raised apse at one end
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loggia
/ˈɫɑɡiə/
noun
an room or gallery that is open in one or more sides, particularly one that is attached to a house and faces a garden on one side
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cella
/ˈsɛɫə/
noun
the central chamber or inner sanctuary of a temple in classical architecture, where the cult statue or sacred objects were housed
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anthemion
/ænθˈɛmiən/
noun
a decorative motif in the form of stylized flower or leaf, typically used in ancient Greek and neoclassical architecture
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arcature
/ˈɑːɹkətʃˌʊɹ/
noun
a series of arches or arcades that are supported by columns or piers, often used in architectural designs to create decorative openings or galleries
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banderole
/bˈændɚɹˌoʊl/
noun
a decorative ribbon or scroll motif typically found in Renaissance and Baroque styles, often used to display inscriptions or decorative elements
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cyma
/sˈaɪmə/
noun
a double-curved molding profile featuring a concave upper curve and a convex lower curve, commonly used in classical and neoclassical architecture for decorative purposes
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exedra
/ɛɡzˈɛdɹə/
noun
a semicircular or rectangular recess in a building, often with seating, used for social gatherings or as a decorative architectural feature
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stylobate
/stˈaɪləbˌeɪt/
noun
the topmost platform or step of a classical Greek or Roman temple on which the columns are placed
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corona
/kɝˈoʊnə/
noun
a decorative element or molding that forms a projecting crown or cornice at the top of a structure, typically found in classical or neoclassical styles
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acroter
/ˈækɹoʊɾɚ/
noun
an ornamental element placed on the apex or corners of a pediment or the top of a roof in classical architecture, typically depicting decorative figures or motifs
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grotto
/ˈɡɹɑˌtoʊ/
noun
a small, often artificial, cave-like structure or enclosed space that is designed for aesthetic or functional purposes
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mutule
/mjˈuːɾuːl/
noun
a decorative block or projection that is typically found under the projecting eaves of a classical entablature
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Ionic order
/aɪˈɑːnɪk ˈɔːɹdɚ/
noun
one of the classical architectural orders characterized by slender, fluted columns with scroll-like capitals adorned with volutes
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Corinthian order
/kɔːɹˈɪnθiən ˈɔːɹdɚ/
noun
a classical architectural order characterized by its ornate capital adorned with acanthus leaves, often used in grand and elaborate structures
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cornice
/kˈɔːɹnɪs/
noun
a decorative molding or projection that runs along the topmost part of a building's exterior wall, typically serving as a crowning element and providing a transition between the wall and the roof
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antefix
/ˈæntɪfˌɪks/
noun
a decorative element used in classical architecture to cover the joints between roof tiles and the eaves of a building, often featuring intricate designs or motifs
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egg and dart
phrase
a decorative pattern in architecture that features alternating oval shapes and V-shaped forms used in molding or friezes
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atrium
/ˈeɪtɹiəm/
noun
an open central courtyard or open space, often with a skylight, that is surrounded by a building or enclosed by walls, commonly found in ancient Roman architecture
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amphitheater
/ˈæmfəθiˈeɪtɝ/
noun
an open building that is round or oval in shape and has a space in the middle surrounded by several seats, originated in ancient Roman and Greek architecture used for public entertainments such as sports or drama
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Tuscan order
/tˈʌskən ˈɔːɹdɚ/
noun
a simplified form of classical architectural order characterized by a plain and unadorned column with a simple capital and base
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arch
/ˈɑɹtʃ/
noun
a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings
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