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Ornamental Features in Architecture

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molding
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frieze
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cornice
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billet
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quatrefoil
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volute
molding
noun
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a narrow piece of plaster, wood, or other material, used as decoration along the top of a wall, around a door, etc.

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Example
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The elegant crown molding added a touch of sophistication to the room.
The carpenter installed new wooden molding around the doorframe.
What is "molding"?

Molding is a narrow decorative strip made of plaster, wood, or other materials, used to enhance the appearance of a wall or around doors and windows. This architectural feature often features intricate designs and shapes, adding visual interest to the space. Molding serves both a decorative and functional purpose, as it can help cover gaps or joints between different surfaces. It creates a finished look and can complement the overall style of a room or building, making it an important element in interior and exterior design.

frieze
frieze
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a narrow and decorative border that has engravings or pictures on it, especially above the walls of a room or building

What is a "frieze"?

A frieze is a decorative band or panel that runs along the upper part of a wall, often found in buildings and interiors. This feature is typically adorned with various designs, such as carvings, paintings, or reliefs, showcasing artistic themes or patterns. Friezes can be made from different materials, including plaster, wood, or stone, and are used to enhance the visual appeal of a space. They serve as a decorative element that adds character and elegance, helping to draw the eye and create a sense of height in the room or structure.

cornice
cornice
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an ornamental border made of plaster or wood, often used around the top of a wall where it meets the ceiling

What is a "cornice"?

A cornice is an ornamental border made of plaster or wood that is typically placed around the top of a wall where it meets the ceiling. This decorative feature adds visual interest and elegance to a room, creating a smooth transition between the wall and the ceiling. Cornices can come in various styles and designs, often featuring intricate patterns or details that enhance the overall look of the space. They serve both an aesthetic and functional purpose by hiding any imperfections at the joint and adding a finished appearance to the interior.

billet
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decorative elements used in medieval architecture, especially in Romanesque designs

What is a "billet"?

A billet is a decorative element in architecture that consists of a series of short, cylindrical or rectangular shapes, often resembling small blocks or logs. This design is typically used as a pattern in moldings or as part of a decorative band, adding texture and visual interest to a structure. Billets can be made from various materials, including stone, wood, or plaster, and are commonly found in styles such as Romanesque and Gothic architecture. They enhance the overall aesthetic of a building, contributing to its character and detail.

quatrefoil
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a decorative element or motif consisting of four overlapping circles or lobes that form a symmetrical shape resembling a four-leaf clover

What is a "quatrefoil"?

A quatrefoil is a decorative design featuring a shape with four rounded lobes or leaves arranged around a central point, resembling a flower or a clover. This architectural element is often used in windows, doorways, and other features, adding elegance and visual interest. Quatrefoils are commonly found in Gothic and Romanesque architecture, where they contribute to the intricate detailing of structures. The design symbolizes harmony and balance, enhancing the overall aesthetic of the building while also reflecting artistic styles and cultural influences.

volute
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a spiral or scroll-like architectural ornament, typically found at the top of a column capital, staircase railing, or decorative molding

What is a "volute"?

A volute is a spiral or scroll-shaped ornament often found on the tops of columns, particularly in the Ionic order. This decorative element features a curved design that resembles a tightly rolled scroll, adding elegance and style to the column's top. Volutes can vary in size and detail, and they are commonly made from materials like stone or plaster. This feature not only enhances the beauty of the column but also contributes to the overall aesthetic of the structure, embodying classical architectural principles.

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