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abacus
/ˈæbəkəs/
noun
a flat, square block that sits on top of a column, used to support the parts above it such as a roof
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apophyge
/ɐpˈɑːfaɪdʒ/
noun
the curved or sloping transition between the shaft of a column and its base or capital, providing a graceful connection between the two elements
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atlas
/ˈætɫəs/
noun
a sculpted male figure or column in the form of a standing human figure, often used as a decorative support or columnar element in architecture
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base
/ˈbeɪs/
noun
the bottom portion or support of a column, pillar, or structure, providing stability and transitioning between the column and the ground or foundation
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caryatid
/kˈɑːɹɪˌæɾɪd/
noun
a sculpted female figure used as a supporting column or pillar in architecture, often taking the place of a traditional column and bearing the weight of the structure on its head and shoulders
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entasis
/ɛntˈæsiz/
noun
the slight curvature applied to the shaft of a column to create an optical illusion of straightness and visual harmony
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footstall
/fˈʊtstɔːl/
noun
the base or lower part of a column that provides support and stability, typically consisting of a wider section at the bottom that rests on the ground or a pedestal
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neck
/nek/
noun
the narrow, usually cylindrical section between the capital and the shaft of a column, serving as a transitional element
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shaft
/ˈʃæft/
noun
the long, vertical, and usually cylindrical part of a column between the base and the capital. It is the main body of the column that supports the entablature or architrave above
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torus
/tˈoːɹəs/
noun
a convex, semi-circular molding or projection that is often used to ornament the base or capital of a column, providing visual interest and a decorative touch
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Doric column
/dˈoːɹɪk kˈɑːlʌm/
noun
a type of classical architectural column characterized by a plain, fluted shaft, a capital with a simple circular molding, and no base
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Ionic column
/aɪˈɑːnɪk kˈɑːlʌm/
noun
a type of classical architectural column characterized by a slender, fluted shaft, a capital with volutes (scroll-like ornaments), and a base
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Corinthian column
/kɔːɹˈɪnθiən kˈɑːlʌm/
noun
a type of classical architectural column characterized by a slender, fluted shaft, a capital adorned with acanthus leaves, and a base
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pedestal
/ˈpɛdəstəɫ/
noun
a base or support structure for an architectural element or statue
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capital
/ˈkæpətəɫ/, /ˈkæpɪtəɫ/
noun
the part of a column that is located at top
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term
/ˈtɝm/
noun
a decorative column or pilaster that typically features a human or animal head or bust at the top, often used to support an entablature or other architectural elements
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pilaster
/pəˈɫæstɝ/
noun
a vertical, rectangular or flattened column-like element that is typically attached to a wall and often features a capital, base, and entablature
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pillar
/ˈpɪɫɝ/
noun
an upright, tall, and strong structure made of stone, metal, or wood that provides support for a part of a building such as the roof
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arris
/ˈæɹəs/
noun
the sharp edge or ridge formed by the meeting of two surfaces, particularly in architectural elements such as columns, moldings, or corners of buildings, often created by chamfering or beveling the edges
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echinus
/ˈɛtʃɪnəs/
noun
a rounded and convex element found in the capital of a column, adding visual appeal to the architectural design
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anta
/ˈæntə/
noun
a structural element in architecture that refers to a square or rectangular column or pilaster-like projection at the end of a wall, typically found at the corners of a building or as a division between spaces
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plinth
/ˈpɫɪnθ/
noun
a broad, flat base that serves as a foundation for a column, statue, or structure
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colonnade
/ˌkɑɫəˈneɪd/
noun
a row of columns having equal distance from each other, often supporting a roof or arch
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flute
/ˈfɫut/
noun
a shallow vertical groove or channel that is typically found on the surface of a column or pilaster
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octagonal column
/ɑːktˈæɡənəl kˈɑːlʌm/
noun
a column with eight sides or faces, forming an octagon shape, commonly used in architectural design to provide structural support and aesthetic variation
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square column
/skwˈɛɹ kˈɑːlʌm/
noun
a column with four sides or faces, forming a square shape, often used in architecture to provide support and visual symmetry in structures such as buildings, temples, or porticos
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smooth column
/smˈuːð kˈɑːlʌm/
noun
a plain and unadorned column without any decorative features or textures
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engaged column
/ɛnɡˈeɪdʒd kˈɑːlʌm/
noun
a column that is partially embedded or attached to a wall, often used in architecture as a decorative element or for structural support, appearing as a half-column projecting from a surface
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Solomonic Column
/sˌɑːləmˈɑːnɪk kˈɑːlʌm/
noun
a twisted or spiral column characterized by a helical or corkscrew-like design, commonly associated with Baroque and Renaissance architecture
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Tuscan column
/tˈʌskən kˈɑːlʌm/
noun
a column designed in the Tuscan order, featuring a plain and unadorned shaft with a simple capital and base, known for its simplicity and classical proportions
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trumeau
/tɹˈuːmoʊ/
noun
a vertical supporting element that divides a large opening, such as a doorway or window, into two smaller sections
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cap
/ˈkæp/
noun
a simple protective or finishing element placed on top of the column shaft
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pier
/ˈpɪɹ/
noun
a vertical column or support used to bear and transfer the load of a building, bridge, or other structures to the ground or water
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skew arch
/skjˈuː ˈɑːɹtʃ/
noun
a diagonal arch that spans across a structure, such as a bridge or tunnel, to accommodate an oblique alignment
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