hierarchy
/ˈhaɪˌɹɑɹki/, /ˈhaɪɝˌɑɹki/
noun
the grouping of people into different levels or ranks according to their power or importance within a society or system
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Examples

1Hierarchy is very known around here.
2Baboon troops have a hierarchy.
3Hierarchy is everything.
4Is this hierarchy, again, a genetic quality?
5We needed hierarchy.
hieroglyphic
/ˌhaɪɹoʊˈɡɫɪfɪk/
noun
a writing system using picture symbols; used in ancient Egypt
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Examples

1That's right, hieroglyphics.
2The earliest Egyptian hieroglyphics record the victories of Egypt's first Pharaoh's.
3The Maya scribes wrote thousands of bark books in their hieroglyphic script.
4Hieroglyphics were elaborate, elegant symbols used prolifically in Ancient Egypt.
5Unfortunately, hieroglyphics started to disappear.
adversary
/ˈædvɝˌsɛɹi/
noun
a person that one is opposed to and fights or competes with
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Examples

1Another adversary wasted.
2And although in the courtroom it will be adversaries butting heads, in the real world, it isn't adversaries butting heads.
3The adversaries are well-matched.
4- Time and proximity can change adversaries into allies.
5Assess your adversary.
adverse
/ˈædˌvɝs/, /ædˈvɝs/, /ədˈvɝs/
adjective
against someone or something's advantage
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Examples

1And adverse law had mobilized the suffragists.
2The pandemic clearly had adverse effects on the production of "Mortal Kombat."
3Long term adverse effects include hallucinations, psychosis, cardiac arrest, and death.
4So adverse experiences will have different effects depending on their timing and their duration of exposure.
5Adverse selection is very important or pro-verse selection.
adversity
/ædˈvɝsɪˌti/, /ədˈvɝsɪti/
noun
a state of misfortune or affliction
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Examples

1Adversity does.
2I love adversity.
3I love adversity.
4I like adversity.
5Fighting adversity.
gestation
/dʒɛˈsteɪʃən/
noun
the state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth when a woman carries a developing fetus in her uterus
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Examples

1For example, the African elephant, the largest placental land mammal today by mass, has a gestation period of up to 2 years.
2And they banned gestation crates.
3Now again, gestation crates are banned after the fourth week of the sow's pregnancy.
4Elephants have the longest gestation of any mammal.
5Nine months of gestation, then out of it comes a baby.
to germinate
/ˈdʒɝməˌneɪt/
verb
produce buds, branches, or germinate
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Examples

1Potter successfully germinated mushroom spores in her home.
2to germinate.
3Beets will germinate and grow at the wrong time of year, even in our hot summers.
4And it'll germinate almost as fast.
5They're not going to germinate.
to relinquish
/ɹiˈɫɪŋkwɪʃ/, /ɹɪˈɫɪŋkwɪʃ/
verb
part with a possession or right
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Examples

1Have you relinquished all strife?
2He has to relinquish time.
3To relinquish.
4In Korean culture, the announcement of pregnancy relinquishes most mothers-to-be of many duties.
5They also relinquished the light sight of ownership.
reliquary
/ɹɪlˈɪkwɛɹi/
noun
a container where religious relics are stored or displayed (especially relics of saints)
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Examples

1Many of these found objects made their way into surrealist work in the 1930s: arranged in compositions that resembled reliquaries or mysterious erotic contraptions, seeking the marvellous through the unexpected juxtaposition of objects Meret Oppenheim, shown here posing for Man Ray, created one of the most enduringly evocative surrealist objects.
2In 1979, Pope John Paul II called the Rosary Chapel a reliquary of America.
to relish
/ˈɹɛɫɪʃ/
verb
derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in
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Examples

1Kids relish their victory and their bloody choice .
2Horror films relish their genre conventions.
3Relish the opportunity to be an outsider.
4You relished intellectual challenge.
5You relished intellectual challenge.
relic
/ˈɹɛɫɪk/
noun
an antiquity that has survived from the distant past
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Examples

1As a result, these dunes are relics of a different time.
2The relic costs two.
3You give your relic back.
4Their relics are very much active.
5Number 13, reclaimed Russian relics.
erudite
/ˈɛɹəˌdaɪt/
adjective
displaying or possessing immense knowledge that is acquired by studying and reading
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Examples

1But unfortunately, that mantra was repeated, usually in a lot more erudite way than that.
2It's erudite.
3It's a very erudite book, and I encourage you to read it.
4Of course, there are erudites among Tauruses, but they do not boast of their own knowledge in a particular area.
5Erudite is knowledge.
erudition
/ˌɛɹəˈdɪʃən/
noun
profound scholarly knowledge
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Examples

1He has done so with striking erudition, with deep immersion in diverse sources, and in prose both elegant and engaging.
2Against the brutality of the Spartans, Pericles celebrates the generosity, erudition, openness, public spiritedness and dignity of Athenian democratic life.
3Temples were centres of erudition and wisdom in which the knowledge of magic was formed and initiated, and the sacred writings were kept.
4Temples were centres of erudition and wisdom in which the knowledge of magic was formed and initiated, and the sacred writings were kept.
5Morella’s erudition was profound.
lackadaisical
/ˌɫækəˈdeɪzɪkəɫ/
adjective
idle or indolent especially in a dreamy way
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Examples

1It appeared to us, on the outside, that they were sort of lackadaisical about investigating what the Russians were up to.
2He directed the actors' finger snaps and gave one direction to actors John Astin and Carolyn Jones: "Be lackadaisical."
3When you relax in your seat, when you are just a little bit more lackadaisical in your posture, you can mentally relax as well.
4They have learned to abandon their lackadaisical approach towards significant issues.
5[ Laughs ] You're pretty lackadaisical hanging out in the park for someone who's sister needs to be rescued.
lackluster
/ˈɫæˌkɫəstɝ/
adjective
(of hair or eyes) without shine, sheen, or brightness
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Examples

1And again, sales were lackluster.
2Its sales growth has been lackluster.
3Yet my personal performance was lackluster at best.
4The out of work wear right now is looking so lackluster.
5The response was lackluster.
to perceive
/pɝˈsiv/
verb
to realize through the five senses
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Examples

1Sacks has a form of prosopagnosia, a neurological disorder that impairs a person’s ability to perceive or recognize faces, also known as face blindness.
2If my eyeball perceives their uh--- likeness.
3Most people perceive cockroaches as an intruder.
4Humans perceive sound between 20 and 20,000 Hertz.
5Your physical brain is perceiving that construct.
perceptive
/pɝˈsɛptɪv/
adjective
(of a person) having or showing great imagination or intellectual inventiveness
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Examples

1You are so perceptive.
2You're very perceptive!
3I'm very perceptive.
4I am perceptive.
5I am perceptive.
to incarcerate
/ˌɪnˈkɑɹsɝˌeɪt/
verb
lock up or confine, in or as in a jail
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Examples

1My father was formerly incarcerated for terrorist activity on behalf of the Ulster Volunteer Force.
2Brian Herrington currently incarcerated.
3We incarcerate 11% more people in the state of Michigan than the national average.
4Been incarcerated.
5For every 100,000 residents in the U.S., 698 are incarcerated.
incarceration
/ˌɪnˌkɑɹsɝˈeɪʃən/
noun
the state of being detained; the act of putting or keeping someone in captivity
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Examples

1The incarceration is there punishment.
2The Kentucky prison reforms did not address juvenile incarceration.
3Mass incarceration became the thing later.
4Incarceration is a traumatic experience.
5Even black hair products suffer from mass incarceration.
incarnate
/ˌɪnˈkɑɹˌneɪt/, /ˌɪnˈkɑɹnət/
adjective
possessing or existing in bodily form
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Examples

1I thought of him as this archenemy, this devil incarnate.
2Maybe we incarnate a thousands of years ago.
3I'm going to incarnate into the system.
4He was a devil incarnate.
5You incarnate into the physical for a very important purpose.

Great!

You've reviewed all the words in this lesson!