1-
to prohibit
2-
law
3-
to pass
4-
unmarried
5-
parachuting
6-
illegal
7-
pigeon
8-
unattended
9-
vehicle
10-
to pretend
11-
rule
12-
regulation
13-
to install
14-
soundproof
15-
to permit
16-
owner
17-
leash
18-
litter
19-
helmet
20-
controversial
21-
community
22-
issue
23-
to bully
24-
homelessness
25-
inadequate
26-
irregular
27-
trash collection
28-
lack
29-
affordable
30-
noise pollution
31-
overcrowded
32-
crime
33-
vandalism
34-
mayor
35-
persuasive
36-
plagiarism
37-
aside
38-
to suspect
39-
available
40-
to commit
41-
various
42-
article
43-
property
44-
to combine
45-
to approach
46-
consequence
47-
childcare
48-
healthcare
to prohibit
to prohibit
Verb
p
p
r
r
o
h
h
i
ɪ
b
b
i
ə
t
t
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to formally forbid something from being done, particularly by law

permit
example
Example
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The city council passed a law to prohibit the use of fireworks within city limits.
The park has signs that prohibit littering to maintain cleanliness and environmental conservation.

Grammatical Information:

transitive
law
law
noun
l
l
a
ɑ
w

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

to pass
Verb
p
p
a
æ
ss
s

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

Grammatical Information:

transitive
unmarried
unmarried
Adjective
u
ʌ
n
n
m
m
a
ɛ
rr
r
ie
ɪ
d
d

not having a legal or official romantic partner

married
parachuting
parachuting
noun
p
p
a
ɛ
r
r
a
ə
ch
ʃ
u
u
t
t
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g

the activity of jumping down from a flying plane with a parachute

What is "parachuting"?

Parachuting is a sport where a person jumps from an aircraft and uses a parachute to slow their descent and safely land on the ground. The jump is typically made from high altitudes, and the parachute is deployed either manually or automatically after a certain height. Parachuting can be done solo or with an instructor. It is a thrilling activity that requires training, proper equipment, and safety measures. The sport allows participants to experience freefall and enjoy the view during their descent before the parachute opens.

illegal
illegal
Adjective
i
ɪ
ll
l
e
i
g
g
a
ə
l
l

forbidden by the law

legal
pigeon
pigeon
noun
p
p
i
ɪ
g
ʤ
eo
ə
n
n

a bird with short legs and a short beak which typically has gray and white feathers

What is a "pigeon"?

A pigeon is a versatile bird, known for its plump body, short neck, and distinctive cooing calls. Found worldwide, pigeons come in a variety of species and exhibit a range of colors and patterns. They have adapted well to various environments, including urban areas, where they form flocks and become a common sight. Pigeons display remarkable homing abilities and have been used for centuries as messengers. With their herbivorous diet consisting of seeds, grains, and fruits, pigeons play an important ecological role as seed dispersers. Their gentle cooing calls add a soothing ambiance to parks and city streets, while their adaptability and resilience make them a fascinating and ever-present part of our urban landscapes.

unattended
Adjective
u
ə
n
n
a
ə
tt
t
e
ɛ
n
n
d
d
e
ɪ
d
d

not being taken care of or looked after, especially due to a lack of attention or absence of a responsible person

vehicle
vehicle
noun
v
v
e
h
ə
i
c
k
l
l
e

a large object with an engine, such as a car or truck, used for transporting people or goods

to pretend
to pretend
Verb
p
p
r
r
e
i
t
t
e
ɛ
n
n
d
d

to act in a specific way in order to make others believe that something is the case when actually it is not so

Grammatical Information:

transitive
rule
noun
r
r
u
u
l
l
e

an instruction that says what is or is not allowed in a given situation or while playing a game

regulation
noun
r
r
e
ɛ
g
g
u
j
ə
l
l
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

to install
to install
Verb
i
ɪ
n
n
s
s
t
t
a
ɔ
ll
l

to set a piece of equipment in place and make it ready for use

Grammatical Information:

transitive
soundproof
Adjective
s
s
o
a
u
ʊ
n
n
d
d
p
p
r
r
oo
u:
f
f

preventing sound from entering or leaving a room or space, typically through the use of special materials or construction techniques

to permit
to permit
Verb
p
p
e
ɜ
r
r
m
m
i
ɪ
t
t

to allow something or someone to do something

forbid

Grammatical Information:

ditransitive
owner
noun
o
w
n
n
e
ɜ
r
r

a person, entity, or organization that possesses, controls, or has legal rights to something

leash
leash
noun
l
l
ea
i
sh
ʃ

a long piece of rope, leather strap or light chain used for guiding and controlling a dog or other animals

What is a "leash"?

A leash is a long, flexible, and typically slender material, such as a strap or cord, used to restrain or guide an animal. It is commonly attached to a collar or harness worn by the animal, allowing its movement to be controlled by the person holding the other end of the leash. Leashes come in various lengths and materials, such as nylon or leather, and often feature a handle for easy gripping. They serve as a means of ensuring the safety and control of the animal during walks, training sessions, or other activities. Leashes provide a physical connection between the animal and its owner, allowing for better management and communication between them.

litter
litter
noun
l
l
i
ɪ
tt
t
e
ɜ
r
r

waste such as bottles, papers, etc. that people throw on a sidewalk, park, or other public place

helmet
helmet
noun
h
h
e
ɛ
l
l
m
m
e
ə
t
t

a hard hat worn by soldiers, bikers, etc. for protection

What is a "helmet"?

A helmet is a protective headgear designed to protect the wearer's head from injuries caused by impacts, collisions, or falling debris. It is typically made from hard, durable materials such as metal, plastic, or Kevlar, and features a cushioned lining that provides shock absorption and comfort. Helmets are widely used by military personnel, law enforcement officers, construction workers, athletes, and individuals engaging in extreme sports such as cycling, skiing, and rock climbing. Some helmets also come equipped with additional features such as ventilation, visors, and communication systems. Properly fitting and correctly worn helmets can significantly reduce the risk of head injuries in accidents.

controversial
controversial
Adjective
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
t
t
r
r
o
ə
v
v
e
ɜ
r
r
s
ʃ
ia
ə
l
l

causing a lot of strong public disagreement or discussion

uncontroversial
community
community
noun
c
k
o
ə
mm
m
u
ju
n
n
i
ə
t
t
y
i

a group of people who live in the same area

issue
noun
i
ɪ
ss
ʃ
ue
u

problems or difficulties that arise, especially in relation to a service or facility, which require resolution or attention

to bully
to bully
Verb
b
b
u
ʊ
ll
l
y
i

to use power or influence to frighten or harm someone weaker or more vulnerable

Grammatical Information:

transitive
homelessness
homelessness
noun
h
h
o
m
m
e
l
l
e
ɪ
ss
s
n
n
e
ə
ss
s

the fact or condition of not having a home

inadequate
Adjective
i
ɪ
n
n
a
æ
d
d
e
ə
q
k
u
w
a
t
t
e

not having the required amount or quality

adequate
irregular
irregular
Adjective
i
ɪ
rr
r
e
ɛ
g
g
u
j
ə
l
l
a
ɜ
r
r

not conforming to established rules, patterns, or norms

trash collection
noun
uk flag
/tɹˈæʃ kəlˈɛkʃən/

the process of picking up garbage and waste from households or public areas for disposal or recycling

Grammatical Information:

compound noun
lack
noun
l
l
a
æ
ck
k

the absence or insufficiency of something, often implying a deficiency or shortage

uncountable
affordable
affordable
Adjective
a
ə
ff
f
o
ɔ
r
r
d
d
a
ə
b
b
ə
l
l
e

having a price that a person can pay without experiencing financial difficulties

noise pollution
noise pollution
noun
uk flag
/nˈɔɪz pəlˈuːʃən/

any unwanted or excessive sound that may cause harm or disturbance to human or animal life

Grammatical Information:

compound noun
overcrowded
Adjective
uk flag
/ˈoʊvɝˌkɹaʊdɪd/

(of a space or area) filled with too many people or things, causing discomfort or lack of space

crime
crime
noun
c
k
r
r
i
m
m
e

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

vandalism
vandalism
noun
v
v
a
æ
n
n
d
d
a
ə
l
l
i
ɪ
s
z
ə
m
m

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

mayor
noun
m
m
a
e
y
ɪ
o
ə
r
r

someone who is elected to be the head of a town or city

persuasive
persuasive
Adjective
p
p
e
ɜ
r
r
s
s
u
w
a
s
s
i
ɪ
v
v
e

capable of convincing others to do or believe something particular

dissuasive
plagiarism
noun
p
p
l
l
a
g
ʤ
ia
ɜ
r
r
i
ɪ
s
z
ə
m
m

the act of using someone else's work or ideas without giving them proper credit or permission

aside
aside
Adverb
a
ə
s
s
i
d
d
e

toward the side and away from the main path

Grammatical Information:

adverb of place and movement
to suspect
to suspect
Verb
s
s
u
ə
s
s
p
p
e
ɛ
c
k
t
t

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

Grammatical Information:

transitive
available
available
Adjective
a
ə
v
v
ai
l
l
a
ə
b
b
ə
l
l
e

ready for being used or acquired

unavailable
to commit
Verb
c
k
o
ə
mm
m
i
ɪ
t
t

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

Grammatical Information:

transitive
various
various
Adjective
v
v
a
ɛ
r
r
iou
s
s

several and of different types or kinds

article
article
noun
a
ɑ:
r
r
t
t
i
ɪ
c
k
ə
l
l
e

a piece of writing about a particular subject on a website, in a newspaper, magazine, or other publication

What is an "article"?

An article is a written work that focuses on a specific topic, typically published in newspapers, magazines, journals, or online platforms. Articles are designed to inform, explain, or discuss particular subjects in detail, and they can vary in length, style, and complexity. They may present facts, opinions, research findings, or analysis, depending on the purpose and audience. Articles are commonly written by journalists, experts, or researchers, and they are often structured with a headline, introduction, body, and conclusion to convey information clearly and effectively.

property
noun
p
p
r
r
o
ɑ
p
p
e
ɜ
r
r
t
t
y
i

a thing or all the things that a person owns

to combine
Verb
c
k
o
ɑ
m
m
b
b
i
n
n
e

(of different elements) to come together in order to shape a single unit or a group

Grammatical Information:

intransitive
to approach
to approach
Verb
a
ə
pp
p
r
r
oa
ch
ʧ

to go close or closer to something or someone

Grammatical Information:

intransitive
consequence
noun
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
s
s
e
ə
q
k
u
w
e
ə
n
n
c
s
e

a result, particularly an unpleasant one

childcare
childcare
noun
ch
ʧ
i
l
l
d
d
c
k
a
ɛ
r
r
e

the act of looking after children, especially while their parents are working

healthcare
healthcare
noun
h
h
ea
ɛ
l
l
th
θ
c
k
a
ɛ
r
r
e

the health services and treatments given to people

What is "healthcare"?

Healthcare refers to the services and practices aimed at maintaining or improving people's health. It includes a wide range of activities, such as medical treatments, preventive care, diagnosis, and health education. Healthcare can be provided by doctors, nurses, therapists, and other medical professionals in various settings, including hospitals and clinics. The goal of healthcare is to ensure individuals receive the care they need to stay healthy, manage illnesses, and recover from health issues.

Congratulations! !

You learned 48 words from Interchange Upper-Intermediate - Unit 15. To improve learning and review vocabulary, start practicing.

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