Academic IELTS Words for "Research"

bibliography

noun

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a list of books and articles used by an author to support or reference their written work

Example

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The research paper included a detailed bibliography at the end.

She checked the bibliography for more sources on the topic.

What is a "bibliography"?

A bibliography is a list of sources, such as books, articles, and other materials, that an author has referenced or consulted in the process of writing a book or document. It is usually placed at the end of the work and provides readers with the information needed to locate the original sources. The bibliography helps to credit the work of other authors and researchers, shows the research behind the text, and can guide readers to additional resources on the subject. It is commonly used in academic, non-fiction, and research-based writing.

hypothesis

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an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

experimental variable

noun

/ɛkspˌɛɹɪmˈɛntəl vˈɛɹɪəbəl/

a factor or condition that is deliberately changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the outcome

replication

noun

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the repetition of a scientific study to confirm or challenge its results

paradigm

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a selection of theories and ideas that explain how a particular school, subject, or discipline is generally understood

synthesis

noun

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the process of creating new knowledge or understanding by integrating existing information

analysis

confidentiality

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the assurance that sensitive information will not be divulged without proper consent

citation

noun

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a line or sentence taken from a book or speech

thesis

noun

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a statement that someone presents as a topic to be argued or examined

dissertation

noun

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a long piece of writing on a particular subject that a university student presents in order to get an advanced degree

What is a "dissertation"?

A dissertation is a long and detailed written work, typically required for advanced academic degrees, where the author conducts original research on a specific topic. It presents the findings, analysis, and conclusions drawn from the research, often after years of study. Dissertations are usually more in-depth than other academic papers and aim to contribute new knowledge to the field. They are expected to demonstrate the author's expertise in the subject, as well as their ability to conduct independent research, organize complex information, and communicate their findings clearly.

vivisection

noun

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a very harsh and thorough examination or analysis

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