Academic IELTS Words for "Maths and Graphs"

logarithm

noun

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a mathematical function that represents the exponent to which a fixed number, called the base, must be raised to produce a given number

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In the logarithm log₂(8) = 3, the base 2 raised to the power of 3 equals 8.

She used the logarithm to solve complex exponential equations in her mathematics class.

theorem

noun

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a statement or proposition that has been proven to be true based on previously established axioms, definitions, and other theorems within a particular mathematical or logical system

vector

noun

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an ordered set of numbers that describes both magnitude and direction, commonly used to represent quantities like displacement, velocity, or force in physics and engineering

function

noun

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(mathematics) a quantity whose value changes according to another quantity's varying value

pi

noun

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a mathematical constant representing the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14159

series

noun

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a mathematical representation of the sum of the terms of a sequence, often denoted by the symbol Σ (sigma), where the terms are added together in a specified order

trigonometry

noun

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a branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between the angles and sides of triangles

quotient

noun

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the result obtained by dividing one quantity or number by another, expressed as the outcome of a division operation

hypotenuse

noun

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the longest side of a right-angled triangle, opposite the right angle, and defined as the side opposite the right angle in a right-angled triangle

interval

noun

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a set of real numbers that includes all the numbers between any two specified numbers within the set

median

noun

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a statistical measure that represents the middle value of a data set when the values are arranged in ascending or descending order

mean

noun

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(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

cluster

noun

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a grouping or concentration of data points in a specific region, often used in statistics and data analysis to describe a set of values that are close to each other

sector

noun

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a portion of a circle, defined by an arc and the two radii that connect the arc's endpoints to the circle's center

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