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Large Mammals

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elephant
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hippopotamus
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rhinoceros
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giraffe
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gorilla
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bear
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panda
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moose
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giant eland
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giant forest hog
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mammoth
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yak
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camel
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gaur
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manatee
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sea lion
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seal
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walrus
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boar
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warthog
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sea otter
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musk ox
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buffalo
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bison
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whale
Elephant
/ɛləfənt/
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noun

an animal that is very large, has thick gray skin, four legs, a very long nose that is called a trunk, and mostly lives in Asia and Africa

What is an "elephant"?

An elephant is a large, majestic mammal with a distinctive, elongated nose called a trunk that can be used for a variety of purposes, such as grasping objects, drinking water, and communication. Elephants are known for their incredible size and strength, with adult males weighing up to six tons and standing over 13 feet tall. They are also known for their intelligence, with the ability to recognize themselves in mirrors and exhibit behaviors that suggest empathy and self-awareness. Elephants are social animals that live in herds, with females and their young forming tight-knit family units led by a matriarch. They are herbivores and can consume up to 300 pounds of vegetation in a single day. Elephants are an important cultural symbol in many parts of the world and are also revered for their conservation status as endangered species.

elephant
Hippopotamus
/hɪpəpɑ:təməs/
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a large African mammal with a thick gray skin, big jaws and tusks that lives near water

What is a "hippopotamus"?

The hippopotamus, or hippo for short, is a large, semi-aquatic mammal native to Africa. They are one of the largest land animals in the world, with adult males weighing up to 4,500 kg (9,900 lb) and females weighing up to 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Their thick, hairless skin is gray or brown in color and is covered in a layer of mucous that helps to protect them from the sun and keep their skin moisturized. Their eyes, ears, and nostrils are located on the top of their head, allowing them to breathe and observe their surroundings while mostly submerged in water. Despite their size and intimidating appearance, hippos are herbivorous and mostly feed on grass at night when they leave the water. They are known for their aggressive behavior, especially when protecting their young or territory, and are considered one of the most dangerous animals in Africa.

hippopotamus
Rhinoceros
/raɪnɑ:sərəs/
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a very large mammal with a thick gray skin and one or two horns on its nose, feeding on plants, which is native to Africa and Southern Asia

What is a "rhinoceros"?

A rhinoceros is a large, thick-skinned herbivorous mammal characterized by its horned snout and formidable size. They are typically found in grasslands and savannas in Africa and Asia. Rhinos can weigh over a ton and have a tough, grayish-brown skin that protects them from predators. They have one or two horns on their snout, which are made of keratin, the same material as human hair and nails. Despite their tough exterior, rhinos are herbivores that mainly feed on grass, leaves, and fruits. They are also known for their poor eyesight, but their sense of smell and hearing are excellent. Unfortunately, many species of rhinoceros are currently endangered due to habitat loss and poaching for their horns, which are believed to have medicinal properties in some cultures.

rhinoceros
Giraffe
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a tall animal with a very long neck and long legs that has brown spots on its yellow fur

What is a "giraffe"?

The giraffe is a tall and elegant mammal found in parts of Africa. It is known for its long neck, which can reach up to six feet in length, and distinctive spotted pattern. The giraffe is a herbivore, feeding on leaves from tall trees using its long tongue, which can measure up to 18 inches. Their long legs and necks also make them incredibly fast runners, able to reach speeds of up to 35 miles per hour. Despite their size, giraffes are known for their gentle demeanor and peaceful nature. They often form groups called towers, and communicate with one another through a variety of sounds, including moans, grunts, and hisses. The giraffe is an iconic animal and a symbol of grace and beauty in the animal kingdom.

giraffe
Gorilla
/gərɪlə/
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an African ape which has a large head and short neck that looks like a monkey with no tail

What is a "gorilla"?

Gorillas are large and powerful primates that are native to Africa. They are known for their intelligence, gentle demeanor, and impressive physical strength. Gorillas have a thick, muscular build and can weigh up to 400 pounds. They have coarse, black hair that covers most of their body, and distinctive, pronounced brow ridges. Gorillas are primarily herbivores and subsist on a diet of leaves, fruit, and other vegetation. They live in small family groups and are highly social animals, with a complex communication system that includes a range of vocalizations, facial expressions, and body language. Gorillas are considered endangered due to habitat loss, poaching, and disease, and conservation efforts are underway to protect these magnificent animals.

gorilla
Bear
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a large animal with sharp claws and thick fur, which eats meat, honey, insects, and fruits

What is a "bear"?

Bears are large, powerful mammals with shaggy fur and a distinctive snout. They have a reputation for being fierce and dangerous, but they are also known for their intelligence and strength. There are several species of bears, including the grizzly, black bear, and polar bear, each with their own unique characteristics and habitats. Bears are omnivorous, meaning they eat both meat and plants, and they have a keen sense of smell which they use to locate food. They are also skilled climbers and swimmers, and are able to adapt to a wide range of environments, from dense forests to arctic tundras.

Grammatical Information:

bear
Panda
/pændə/
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a large mammal that looks like a bear with black and white fur and eats bamboos, usually found in China

What is a "panda"?

Pandas are a species of bear native to China and are famous for their distinctive black and white markings. They are primarily herbivores, feeding mainly on bamboo, and are known for their cute and cuddly appearance. However, they are also strong and agile animals, capable of climbing trees and swimming long distances. Pandas have a special adaptation in their digestive system that allows them to break down the tough bamboo fibers efficiently. They are an endangered species, with only a few thousand individuals remaining in the wild due to habitat loss and poaching. Despite conservation efforts, the future of these beloved animals remains uncertain.

panda
Moose
/mu:s/
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a large deer with palmate antlers, a long, drooping snout, and a hump on its shoulders, found chiefly in northern forests of North America, Europe, and Asia

What is a "Moose"?

A moose, also known as an elk in Europe, is a large mammal belonging to the deer family. They are typically found in forested areas in the northern regions of North America, Europe, and Asia. Moose have long, narrow snouts, and a unique flap of skin called a bell that hangs below their throat. Both male and female moose have antlers, with the males' being larger and more elaborate. Moose are herbivores, and their diet consists of twigs, bark, leaves, and aquatic plants. They are excellent swimmers and can run up to 35 miles per hour. Moose are also known for their distinctive vocalizations, which can range from low grunts to high-pitched wails. While generally docile, moose can become aggressive during the breeding season and when defending their young.

moose
Giant eland
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/dʒˈaɪənt ɪlˈænd/
noun

a large African antelope species characterized by its long, spiral horns and distinctive stripes on its sides

What is a "Giant Eland"?

The giant eland is the largest of the antelopes and is native to the African savannah. Its coat is a reddish-brown color with vertical white stripes on the torso, and it has long, spiral-shaped horns that can grow up to 5 feet long in males. They are herbivores and feed on leaves, grasses, and bark, and can weigh up to 2,000 pounds. They are social animals and live in herds of up to 25 individuals. The giant eland is considered an important species for conservation due to its declining population caused by habitat loss and hunting.

Grammatical Information:

compound noun
giant eland
Giant forest hog
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/ˈdʒaɪənt ˈfɑːrɪst hɑːɡ/
noun

a large and muscular pig with a bristly black or dark brown coat, long curved tusks

What is a "Giant Forest Hog"?

The giant forest hog is the largest member of the pig family, weighing up to 600 pounds and standing up to 3 feet tall at the shoulder. It is mostly black, with sparse hair and long, pointed ears. The giant forest hog has a distinctive facial profile with a pronounced ridge above the eyes and a concave forehead. It lives in dense tropical forests across central and western Africa, and is primarily a herbivore, feeding on roots, tubers, and fallen fruit. The giant forest hog is known for its fierce temperament and can be quite aggressive when threatened, making it a formidable creature in its habitat.

Grammatical Information:

compound noun
giant forest hog
Mammoth
/mæməθ/
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any of numerous extinct elephants widely distributed in the Pleistocene; extremely large with hairy coats and long upcurved tusks

What is a "Mammoth"?

Mammoths were a group of herbivorous mammals that lived during the Ice Age. They were similar in size to modern-day elephants and had long, curved tusks that could reach up to 15 feet long. They had a thick coat of fur to keep them warm in the cold climate, and they lived in herds. Mammoths were found all over the world, from Europe to North America to Asia. They became extinct around 4,000 years ago, likely due to a combination of climate change and human hunting. Despite their extinction, mammoths continue to captivate our imaginations and have even been the subject of attempts to bring them back to life through cloning.

mammoth
Yak
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a large wild ox with shaggy coat and long horns that is domesticated in Tibet

What is a "yak?"

The yak is a long-haired bovine found in the Himalayas and other mountainous regions of Central Asia. They are well adapted to living in high-altitude environments, where temperatures can be extreme and vegetation scarce. Yaks have a bulky build, with a thick, shaggy coat that keeps them warm in cold weather. They are known for their impressive strength and endurance, which makes them valuable to the people living in these regions for transportation, plowing fields, and carrying heavy loads. Yaks are herbivores and have a diet mainly consisting of grasses, but they are also known to eat lichen and moss. Their milk is a source of food, and their hair is used to make clothing and textiles. While they are domesticated in many areas, wild yaks can also be found in some parts of Asia, and they are considered vulnerable due to habitat loss and hunting.

yak
Camel
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a large desert animal with a long neck and one or two humps on its back

What is a "camel?"

Camels are large, even-toed ungulates with distinctive features such as humps on their back and a long, curved neck. They are found in the Middle East, Africa, and parts of Asia. Camels are well adapted to desert life, with their thick fur and padded feet that help them move easily on sand. They are also able to go for long periods without water, as they can store it in their humps. Camels have been domesticated for thousands of years and are used for transportation, meat, milk, and wool. They are known for their calm and placid temperament, and their ability to withstand harsh environments.

camel
Gaur
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/ɡˈɔːɹ/
noun

wild ox of mountainous areas of eastern India

What is a "Gaur"?

A gaur is a large wild ox native to South and Southeast Asia. It is one of the tallest and largest species of wild cattle, standing up to 6 feet tall at the shoulder and weighing up to 2,200 pounds. The gaur has a dark brown or black coat, short, sharp curved horns, and a muscular build. They are herbivorous and live in small herds in grasslands and forests, primarily feeding on leaves, shoots, and grass. Due to habitat loss and hunting, the gaur is considered vulnerable and is protected in many areas.

gaur
Manatee
/mænəti/
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a large marine mammal that is herbivorous, has a rounded tail and lives in coastal waters

What is a "manatee"?

Manatees are large, slow-moving marine mammals that inhabit shallow coastal waters, estuaries, and rivers in tropical and subtropical regions. They have a plump, grayish-brown body with two flippers and a flat, paddle-shaped tail. Manatees are herbivorous, feeding on a variety of aquatic plants and grasses. They are known for their docile nature and are often referred to as "sea cows." Despite their large size, manatees are vulnerable to human activities such as boating and fishing, and are considered a threatened species.

manatee
Sea lion
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/sˈiː lˈaɪən/
noun

a large type of seal with external ear flaps that is mainly found on Pacific coasts

What is a "sea lion"?

A sea lion is a marine mammal belonging to the family Otariidae, which are characterized by their external ear flaps and the ability to walk on all fours on land. They have a streamlined body, thick fur, and long, sensitive whiskers. They are social animals and live in colonies, often on rocky islands or beaches. Sea lions feed primarily on fish, squid, and octopus, and are known for their agility and speed underwater. They are found in various locations around the world, including the coastlines of North and South America, Australia, and the Galapagos Islands. Sea lions are also popular attractions at zoos and aquariums due to their playful personalities and impressive aquatic abilities.

Grammatical Information:

compound noun
sea lion
Seal
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a large sea animal with flippers that eats fish, can live on land and in water, and is hunted by humans for its fur

What is a "seal"?

Seals are aquatic mammals that belong to the family Phocidae. They are characterized by their streamlined bodies, short, stiff fur, and flippers that are specially adapted for swimming in water. Seals are found in both polar and temperate waters and are divided into two groups: the true seals (also called earless seals) and the eared seals (also called sea lions and fur seals). True seals are distinguished by their lack of external ears and their ability to move on land by wriggling along on their bellies. Eared seals, on the other hand, have external ears and are able to walk on all fours using their flippers like legs. Seals are important predators in the marine food chain, feeding on fish, squid, and other marine animals, and they are also hunted by larger predators such as sharks and killer whales.

seal
Walrus
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a large marine mammal like a seal with two large tusks that lives in Arctic regions

What is a "walrus"?

A walrus is a large marine mammal that belongs to the family Odobenidae. They have a distinctive appearance with their large, curved tusks, flippers, and thick blubber. Walruses are found primarily in the Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere and spend much of their time in the water, feeding on clams, mussels, and other marine invertebrates. They are social animals and often congregate in large herds on land or ice floes. The male walruses can weigh up to 1.5 tons and have a characteristic large size and long tusks, which they use for a variety of purposes, including defense, social dominance, and to help them climb onto ice floes.

walrus
Boar
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a wild pig with tusks

What is a "boar"?

A boar is a wild pig that belongs to the family Suidae. It is a large, robust, and muscular mammal known for its distinctive appearance and behavior. Boars typically have a stocky body with a broad head, a short neck, and a stout snout ending in a cartilaginous disk called a "gristle." They have sharp tusks that curve outward from their lower jaws, which are used for digging, rooting, and defense. Boars have a bristly coat of fur that can vary in color from dark brown to black, with a thicker mane of coarse hairs along their spine. Boars are omnivorous animals that feed on a wide variety of food, including roots, tubers, insects, small mammals, and carrion. They are known for their strong sense of smell, which they use to locate food sources, and their ability to root and dig in search of edible items.

boar
Warthog
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/wˈɔːɹthɑːɡ/
noun

a wild pig with a pair of tusks that lives in sub-Saharan Africa and feeds on vegetables

What is a "warthog"?

The warthog is a wild pig species found in Africa known for its distinct appearance. It has a stocky body with a broad head, a short neck, and a stout snout with warts or bumps on its face. The warthog has large, curved tusks that protrude from its mouth and a bristly coat of fur that can range in color from brown to gray. Its most notable feature is its prominent, upward-curving tusks that are used for defense and digging. Warthogs are known for their tough and resilient nature, making them well-adapted to their savanna and woodland habitats.

warthog
Sea otter
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/sˈiː ˈɑːɾɚ/
noun

a marine mammal known for its adorable appearance, dense fur coat, playful behavior, and remarkable tool-use ability in foraging for food

What is a "sea otter"?

The sea otter is a marine mammal known for its adorable appearance and unique adaptations for life in the water. Sea otters have streamlined body with dense, waterproof fur coat that helps them stay warm in cold ocean waters. They have webbed feet and strong forelimbs specially adapted for swimming and diving. Sea otters also have flattened tail that acts like a rudder, aiding in their agility and maneuverability in the water. Sea otters are known for their playful behavior and social nature.

Grammatical Information:

compound noun
sea otter
Musk ox
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/mˈʌsk ˈɑːks/
noun

a large mammal with hoofed limbs, a shaggy coat and two curved horns that is found in the Arctic

What is a "musk ox"?

The musk ox is a unique and ancient species of large mammal that is well-adapted to the extreme cold of the Arctic regions. Musk oxen are known for their distinctive appearance, with a stocky build, shaggy coat, and curved horns. They are social animals that form close-knit herds and are known for their strong maternal instincts and protective behavior. Musk oxen are herbivorous, primarily feeding on grasses, sedges, and other vegetation. They are also known for their defensive behavior, using their strong bodies and sharp horns to protect themselves and their young from predators. Musk oxen have played an important role in indigenous cultures, as they have been a traditional source of food, clothing, and tools for many Arctic communities. Despite facing threats from habitat loss and climate change, efforts are being made to conserve and protect musk ox populations for future generations.

Grammatical Information:

compound noun
musk ox
Buffalo
/bʌfəloʊ/
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a large animal like a cow with dark fur that is found in America

What is a "buffalo"?

The buffalo is a large mammal belonging to the Bovidae family, known for its robust build and distinctive appearance. Buffaloes have a massive body with a large head, curved horns, and a shaggy coat of fur that can vary in color from dark brown to black. They are herbivorous animals and are typically found in grasslands and savannas, forming large herds that graze on grass and other vegetation. Buffaloes are known for their formidable strength, with males often weighing over a ton, and their ability to survive in challenging environments. They have a social structure, with strong family bonds, and are known for their group behavior, stampeding when threatened. Buffaloes are iconic animals, often associated with the African and North American wilderness.

Bison
/baɪsən/
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a large wild mammal of the cow family covered with long hair that is found in North America or Europe

What is a "bison"?

The bison, also known as the American buffalo, is a large mammal native to North America and Europe, known for its massive size, shaggy appearance, and historic significance. Bison have a robust body with a large head, curved horns, and a hump of muscle on their shoulders. They have a dense coat of fur that can range in color from dark brown to reddish-brown, with a distinctive beard-like tuft of fur on their chin. Bison are herbivorous animals that graze on grass and other vegetation, and they are known for their ability to endure harsh weather conditions and survive in diverse ecosystems. Bison were once a crucial part of the North American prairie ecosystem and played a significant role in Indigenous cultures and the history of the American West. Today, bison are revered as an iconic symbol of the wild and a symbol of conservation efforts to protect and preserve these majestic animals.

bison
Whale
/weɪl/
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a very large animal that lives in the sea, with horizontal tail fin and a blowhole on top of its head for breathing

What is a "whale"?

The whale is a magnificent marine mammal, known for its colossal size, streamlined body, and marine adaptations. Whales are the largest animals on Earth, with some species reaching lengths of up to 100 feet or more. They have streamlined bodies with smooth skin and a sleek shape that allows them to glide effortlessly through the water. Whales have a blowhole on top of their heads that they use to breathe, and they are known for their impressive spouts or "blows" when exhaling air. They are powerful swimmers, capable of diving to great depths and undertaking long migrations. Whales are known for their complex social structures and vocalizations, often referred to as "whale songs." They are filter-feeders or hunters, depending on the species, and primarily feed on plankton, krill, fish, or other marine organisms. Whales are iconic and awe-inspiring creatures that have captivated human imagination for centuries, representing the majesty and mystery of the world's oceans.

whale

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