Arithmetic and Statistics

irrational number

noun

/ɪɹˈæʃənəl nˈʌmbɚ/

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a number incapable of being expressed as a ratio of two integers

complex number

noun

/kˈɑːmplɛks nˈʌmbɚ/

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a number that has both a real part and a part involving a unit that, when squared, gives a negative result

real number

noun

/ɹˈiːəl nˈʌmbɚ/

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any number that can be found on the number line, including both positive and negative numbers, zero, and fractions

whole number

noun

/hˈoʊl nˈʌmbɚ/

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any positive number without fractions or decimals, including zero

integer

noun

/ɪn.tə.ʤɜr/ or /in.tē.jēr/

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any number without fractions or decimals, including positive numbers, negative numbers, and zero

decimal

noun

/dɛ.sə.məl/ or /de.sē.mēl/

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(mathematics) a number less than one, called a fraction, that is represented as a period followed by the number of tenths, hundredths, etc.

improper fraction

noun

/ɪmpɹˈɑːpɚ fɹˈækʃən/

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a fraction where the the top number is greater than or equal to the equal to the bottom number

root

noun

/rut/ or /root/

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a value that, when multiplied by itself a specified number of times, results in the given number

range

noun

/reɪnʤ/ or /reinj/

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the difference between the highest and lowest values in a set of numbers

product

noun

/prɑ.dəkt/ or /praa.dēkt/

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the result of multiplying two or more numbers or quantities together

quotient

noun

/kwoʊ.ʃənt/ or /kvooo.shēnt/

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the result obtained by dividing one quantity or number by another, expressed as the outcome of a division operation

factor

noun

/fæk.tɜr/ or /fāk.tēr/

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(mathematics) one of the numbers that another number can be divided by

value

noun

/væ.lju/ or /vā.lyoo/

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(mathematics) an amount that is shown by a sign or letter

inequality

noun

/ɪn.ɪk.wɑ.lɪ.ti/ or /in.ik.vaa.li.ti/

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a statement that compares two quantities, expressions, or values and indicates their relative sizes

equation

noun

/ɪkwn/ or /ikvn/

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(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

minimum

noun

/mɪ.nə.məm/ or /mi.nē.mēm/

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the lowest amount, degree, or extent there is or is possible, allowed or required

exponential

noun

/ɛk.spoʊ.nɛn.ʃəl/ or /ek.spooo.nen.shēl/

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a mathematical expression where a number is multiplied by itself a certain number of times determined by a variable

linear

Adjective

/lɪ.niɜr/ or /li.niēr/

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related to equations that create straight lines when graphed, indicating a constant rate of change

common ratio

noun

/kˈɑːmən ɹˈeɪʃɪˌoʊ/

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the constant ratio between consecutive terms

common multiple

noun

/kˈɑːmən mˈʌltɪpəl/

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a number that is a multiple of two or more given numbers

common factor

noun

/kˈɑːmən fˈæktɚ/

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a number that divides exactly into two or more given numbers without leaving a remainder

least common denominator

noun

/lˈiːst kˈɑːmən dɪnˈɑːmᵻnˌeɪɾɚ/

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the smallest positive integer that is a common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions

probability

noun

/prɑ.bə.bɪ.lə.ti/ or /praa.bē.bi.lē.ti/

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(mathematics) a number representing the chances of something specific happening

arithmetic sequence

noun

/ɐɹˈɪθmətˌɪk sˈiːkwəns/

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a sequence of numbers in which the difference between any two consecutive terms is constant

frequency

noun

/frik.wən.si/ or /frik.vēn.si/

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the number of times a particular event occurs within a specific period or among a set of observations

median

noun

/mi.diən/ or /mi.diēn/

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a statistical measure that represents the middle value of a data set when the values are arranged in ascending or descending order

bimodal

Adjective

/baɪ.moʊ.dəl/ or /bai.mooo.dēl/

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having or involving two distinct modes, peaks, or most frequent values

standard deviation

noun

/stˈændɚd dˌiːvɪˈeɪʃən/

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a measure of how much the values in a set typically differ from the average

margin of error

noun

/mˈɑːɹdʒɪn ʌv ˈɛɹɚ/

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the range within which the true value is expected to fall, accounting for potential inaccuracies in measurement or sampling

random

Adjective

/ræn.dəm/ or /rān.dēm/

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occurring in such a way that each possible outcome has a certain probability of occurring, but the specific outcome cannot be predicted with certainty

trend line

noun

/tɹˈɛnd lˈaɪn/

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a straight line drawn through a set of data points on a graph to represent the general direction or pattern of the data

dot plot

noun

/dˈɑːt plˈɑːt/

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a type of statistical chart consisting of dots that represent individual data points

linear model

noun

/lˈɪnɪɹ mˈɑːdəl/

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a mathematical representation that describes the relationship between two or more variables using a linear equation