English Words for "Temporary and Relative Roles" | ACT Vocabulary

passer-by

noun

/ˈpæsɝbi/

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someone who happens to be walking past a particular person, place, or event

Example

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The passer-by stopped to help when he saw the woman struggling with her bags.

Street performers often rely on donations from passers-by to earn a living.

pedestrian

noun

p

e

ə

d

e

ɛ

s

t

r

ia

iə

n

a person who is on foot and not in or on a vehicle

bystander

noun

b

y

aɪ

s

t

a

æ

n

d

e

ɜ

r

a person who is present at an event or incident but does not take part in it

peer

noun

p

ee

ɪ

r

a person of the same age, social status, or capability as another specified individual

spectator

noun

s

p

e

ɛ

c

k

t

a

eɪ

t

o

ɜ

r

a person who watches sport competitions closely

commuter

noun

c

k

o

ə

mm

m

u

ju

t

e

ɜ

r

a person who regularly travels to city for work

companion

noun

c

k

o

ə

m

p

a

æ

n

i

j

o

ə

n

a person or animal with which one travels or spends a lot of time

colleague

noun

c

k

o

ɑ

ll

l

ea

i

g

u

e

someone with whom one works

respondent

noun

r

e

ɪ

s

p

o

ɑ

n

d

e

ə

n

t

a person who answers or reacts

beneficiary

noun

b

e

ɛ

n

e

ə

f

i

ɪ

c

ʃ

ia

iɛ

r

y

i

a person who receives money or benefits

apprentice

noun

a

ə

pp

p

r

e

ɛ

n

t

i

ə

c

s

e

someone who works for a skilled person for a specific period of time to learn their skills, usually earning a low income

Who is an "apprentice"?

An apprentice is a person who is learning a trade, craft, or skill from a experienced professional. Apprentices typically work with this professional, gaining practical experience and knowledge in fields such as carpentry, plumbing, or electrical work. During their training, apprentices perform tasks and gradually take on more complex responsibilities as they develop their skills. This period of learning usually combines practical work with classroom instruction, preparing the apprentice to become skilled in their trade and eventually work independently.

ridership

noun

r

i

aɪ

d

e

ɜ

r

sh

ʃ

i

ɪ

p

the number of people who use a particular form of public transportation over a given period

inmate

noun

i

ɪ

n

m

a

eɪ

t

e

a person who resides in a shared living space, such as a household, institution, or facility

mentor

noun

m

e

ɛ

n

t

o

ɔ

r

a reliable and experienced person who helps those with less experience

renegade

noun

r

e

ɛ

n

e

ə

g

a

eɪ

d

e

someone who rejects conventional behavior or allegiance

representative

noun

/ˌɹɛpɹəˈzɛnətɪv/, /ˌɹɛpɹəˈzɛntətɪv/, /ˌɹɛpɹɪˈzɛnətɪv/, /ˌɹɛpɹɪˈzɛntətɪv/

a person who acts on behalf of a group of people, especially in a legislative or official role

guardian

noun

g

ua

ɑ

r

d

ia

iə

n

a person or thing that is responsible for the care, safety, and maintenance of someone or something

donor

noun

d

o

oʊ

n

o

ɜ

r

someone or something that gives money, clothes, etc. to a charity for free

newlywed

noun

n

e

w

u

l

y

i

w

e

ɛ

d

someone who has recently gotten married

valedictorian

noun

v

a

æ

l

e

ə

d

i

ɪ

c

k

t

o

ɔ

r

ia

iə

n

an elite student with the highest grade throughout school that gets chosen to give a speech at their graduation ceremony

Who is a "valedictorian"?

A valedictorian is the student who has achieved the highest academic standing in their graduating class. This individual typically earns the title by having the best grades or overall academic performance throughout their time in school. The valedictorian is often chosen to deliver the farewell speech, known as the valedictory address, at graduation ceremonies, where they may reflect on the experiences of the class and offer words of encouragement for the future.

steward

noun

s

t

e

w

u

a

ɜ

r

d

a person who manages and oversees the property, finances, or affairs of another person or organization

expat

noun

e

ɛ

x

ks

p

a

æ

t

a person who resides outside their native country, often for work or personal reasons

veteran

noun

v

e

ɛ

t

e

ɜ

r

a

ə

n

a former member of the armed forces who has fought in a war

caregiver

noun

c

k

a

ɛ

r

e

g

i

ɪ

v

e

ɜ

r

someone who looks after a child or an old, sick, or disabled person at home

Who is a "caregiver"?

A caregiver is someone who provides help and support to individuals who are unable to care for themselves because of illness, disability, or aging. Caregivers can be family members, friends, or hired professionals, and they often help with tasks such as bathing, dressing, meal preparation, medication management, and transportation. Caregivers may also provide emotional support and spend time with those they care for, helping them maintain their independence and quality of life. While caregivers may provide care in the patient's home, they typically do not live with the patient permanently. Instead, they visit regularly or provide care during scheduled shifts.

enrollee

noun

e

ɛ

n

r

o

oʊ

ll

l

ee

i

a person who is registered or signed up for a course, program, or institution

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You learned 25 words from ACT Temporary and Relative Roles Vocabulary. To improve learning and review vocabulary, start practicing.

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