Land and Water

foothill

noun

/fʊt.hɪl/ or /foot.hil/

f

f

oo

ʊ

th

th

i

ɪ

ll

l

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a low hill at the base of a mountain or mountain range

terrain

noun

/tɜ.reɪn/ or /tē.rein/

t

t

e

ɜ

rr

r

ai

eɪ

n

n

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an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

boulder

noun

/boʊl.dɜr/ or /boool.dēr/

b

b

ou

oʊ

l

l

d

d

e

ɜ

r

r

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a large rock, usually one that has been shaped by natural forces such as water or ice

mound

noun

/maʊnd/ or /maoond/

m

m

o

a

u

ʊ

n

n

d

d

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a small, natural hill or raised area of earth, typically formed by natural processes

overland

Adjective

/oʊ.vɜr.lænd/ or /ooo.vēr.lānd/

o

oʊ

v

v

e

ɜ

r

r

l

l

a

æ

n

n

d

d

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related to travel or transport over land, especially across long distances or difficult terrain

to erode

Verb

/i.roʊd/ or /i.roood/

e

i

r

r

o

oʊ

d

d

e

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to undergo gradual wearing away or reduction in size, typically as a result of natural forces or environmental factors

bluff

noun

/bləf/ or /blēf/

b

b

l

l

u

ə

ff

f

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a high, steep cliff or bank overlooking a body of water, often formed by erosion or geological processes

tundra

noun

/tənd.rə/ or /tēnd.rē/

t

t

u

ə

n

n

d

d

r

r

a

ə

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the expansive flat Arctic regions, of North America, Asia, and Europe, in which no trees grow and the soil is always frozen

tract

noun

/trækt/ or /trākt/

t

t

r

r

a

æ

c

k

t

t

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a large area of land, often defined by boundaries, used for specific purposes such as development, agriculture, or conservation

rapid

noun

/ræ.pəd/ or /rā.pēd/

r

r

a

æ

p

p

i

ə

d

d

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a fast and turbulent part of a river with swift currents and obstacles like rocks

creek

noun

/krik/ or /krik/

c

k

r

r

ee

i

k

k

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a narrow, shallow watercourse, often flowing through a confined natural channel

tributary

noun

/trɪb.jə.tɛ.ri/ or /trib.yē.te.ri/

t

t

r

r

i

ɪ

b

b

u

j

ə

t

t

a

ɛ

r

r

y

i

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a watercourse that flows into a larger river or body of water

puddle

noun

/pə.dəl/ or /pē.dēl/

p

p

u

ə

dd

d

ə

l

l

e

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a small pool of water or other liquid, particularly rainwater

eddy

noun

/ɛ.di/ or /e.di/

e

ɛ

dd

d

y

i

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a circular current of water or air that moves against the main flow, creating a small whirlpool or whirl

current

noun

/kɑ.rənt/ or /kaa.rēnt/

c

k

u

ɑ

rr

r

e

ə

n

n

t

t

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the flow or movement of water or a liquid in a specific direction

ripple

noun

/rɪ.pəl/ or /ri.pēl/

r

r

i

ɪ

pp

p

ə

l

l

e

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a slight wave or series of waves on the water's surface caused by a breeze or a disturbance

trickle

noun

/trɪ.kəl/ or /tri.kēl/

t

t

r

r

i

ɪ

ck

k

ə

l

l

e

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a small, slow flow of liquid

inlet

noun

/ɪn.lɛt/ or /in.let/

i

ɪ

n

n

l

l

e

ɛ

t

t

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a narrow body of water between islands or leading inland from a larger body of water, often serving as a passageway or channel

swash

noun

/swɑ:ʃ/ or /svaash/

s

s

w

w

a

ɑ:

sh

ʃ

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the gentle, rhythmic movement and sound of water as it washes up onto the shore or against objects

runoff

noun

/rʌn.ɑf/ or /ran.aaf/

r

r

u

ə

n

n

o

ɔ

ff

f

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the excess liquid, typically water, that exceeds the capacity of an area to contain or absorb it

lagoon

noun

/lə.gun/ or /lē.goon/

l

l

a

ə

g

g

oo

u

n

n

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a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water, often by a barrier island, coral reef, or sandbar

gully

noun

/gə.li/ or /gē.li/

g

g

u

ə

ll

l

y

i

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a narrow channel or ravine formed by the erosion of soil, especially by running water during rainfall or storms

slough

noun

/sləf/ or /slēf/

s

s

l

l

ou

ə

gh

f

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a stagnant or slow-moving channel or inlet, often connected to a larger body of water, such as a marsh, swamp, or backwater

splatter

noun

/splæ.tɜr/ or /splā.tēr/

s

s

p

p

l

l

a

æ

tt

t

e

ɜ

r

r

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the scattered droplets or particles of water or liquid that result from something being struck or dispersed forcefully

fjord

noun

/fjɔrd/ or /fyawrd/

f

f

j

j

o

ɔ

r

r

d

d

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a steep, deep, and narrow sea inlet surrounded by tall cliffs, created by a glacier