English Words for "Scholarship and Innovation" | ACT Vocabulary

methodology

noun

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a series of methods by which a certain subject is studied or a particular activity is done

Example

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The researcher described the methodology used to gather data for the study.

A solid methodology is crucial for conducting reliable scientific experiments.

control group

noun

/kəntɹˈoʊl ɡɹˈuːp/

a group in an experiment or study that does not receive the treatment or intervention being tested

experimental group

noun

/ɛkspˌɛɹɪmˈɛntəl ɡɹˈuːp/

the group of subjects or conditions that are exposed to the treatment or intervention being tested

case study

noun

/kˈeɪs stˈʌdi/

a recorded analysis of a person, group, event or situation over a length of time

What is a "case study"?

A case study is a detailed examination of a particular person, group, event, or situation, typically used to explore a complex issue or phenomenon. It involves collecting and analyzing information to understand the causes, effects, and key factors involved. Case studies are often used in academic, business, and professional settings to provide real-world examples that illustrate theoretical concepts. They can be based on qualitative or quantitative data and may include interviews, observations, and other research methods. The goal of a case study is to gain insights and provide solutions or recommendations based on the findings.

Grammatical Information:

compound noun

intervention

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an action, treatment, or manipulation that is introduced by researchers to test its effects on variables of interest

validity

noun

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the quality of being well-founded and logically sound

evidence

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anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

treatise

noun

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a long and formal piece of writing about a specific subject

What is a "treatise"?

A treatise is a formal and detailed written work that explores a specific subject or topic in depth. It is typically scholarly in nature and provides a thorough examination, analysis, and explanation of the subject matter. A treatise is often structured logically, with clear arguments and evidence supporting the author's conclusions. It is usually longer than an article or essay and is intended to contribute to the academic or intellectual understanding of the subject. Treatises are commonly found in fields such as philosophy, law, science, or history.

trial

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a process conducted in order to decide on how effective, safe, etc. someone or something is

generalization

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the process of creating broad or universal principles by identifying common characteristics or patterns among specific instances

phenomenon

noun

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a fact, event, or situation that is observed, especially one that is unusual or not fully understood

jargon

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words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

What is "jargon"?

Jargon refers to specialized words or expressions used by a particular profession, group, or field that may be difficult for outsiders to understand. It serves to facilitate communication among those within the same field by using precise terminology, but it can create barriers for those not familiar with the language. For example, in medicine, terms like "hypertension" and "myocardial infarction" are common jargon that might confuse someone without a medical background. While jargon can enhance clarity among experts, it may also lead to misunderstandings if used inappropriately with a general audience.

paradigm

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a selection of theories and ideas that explain how a particular school, subject, or discipline is generally understood

multidisciplinary

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involving the integration of knowledge and methodologies from various academic disciplines or fields of study

scholarly

Adjective

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related to or involving serious academic study

unscholarly

theoretically

Adverb

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in accordance with ideas, theories, or principles rather than experiments or practical actions

Grammatical Information:

interrogative adverb

to extrapolate

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to use existing yet insufficient data to make guesses about things that have not yet been observed

Grammatical Information:

transitive

advent

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the arrival of a significant event, person, or thing that has been eagerly anticipated

prototype

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an early or preliminary model of something from which other forms are developed or copied

trendsetter

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an individual or entity that is influential in setting or popularizing new styles, behaviors, ideas, or products

breakthrough

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an important discovery or development that helps improve a situation or answer a problem

groundbreaking

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Approving

original and pioneering in a certain field, often setting a new standard for others to follow

trailblazing

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pioneering or leading the way in a particular field, endeavor, or movement

cutting-edge

Adjective

/ˈkətɪˌŋɛdʒ/

having the latest and most advanced features or design

state-of-the-art

Adjective

/ˌsteɪtəvðɪˈɑɹt/

using or containing the most recent and developed methods, technology, materials, or ideas

innovative

Adjective

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(of ideas, products, etc.) creative and unlike anything else that exists

to patent

Verb

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to obtain legal ownership and protection for an invention or innovation

Grammatical Information:

transitive

to pioneer

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to be the first one to do, use, invent, or discover something

Grammatical Information:

transitive

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