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A Closer Look: Lesson 5

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1-
ballpark figure
2-
time out
3-
left field
4-
to even up the score
5-
to field a call
6-
to get to first base with something
7-
to go to bat for somebody
8-
good sport
9-
home run
10-
to kick off
11-
neck and neck
12-
off base
13-
to pinch hit
14-
to pitch
15-
(right) off the bat
16-
right out of the chute
17-
to settle a score with somebody
18-
to strike out
19-
to tackle
20-
to take the wind out of one's sails
21-
the ball is in one's court
22-
to throw somebody a curveball
23-
a different ball game
ballpark figure
phrase
uk flag
/bˈɔːlpɑːɹk fˈɪɡjɚ ɔːɹ ˈɛstᵻmət/
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Informal
Specialized

the approximate value or amount of something

example
Example
Click on words
When asked about the cost of the home renovation, the contractor gave a ballpark figure of $20,000 to $25,000.
We need a ballpark estimate of how many attendees to expect at the conference to make appropriate arrangements.
time out
time out
noun
uk flag
/tˈaɪm ˈaʊt/

a brief pause or interruption in an activity

left field
noun
uk flag
/lˈɛft fˈiːld/

(baseball) a position in the outfield responsible for covering the area between center field and the left foul line

What is "left field"?

Left field is a position in baseball or softball located in the outfield, to the left of the field when facing the batter. The player in this spot is responsible for catching balls hit to the left side of the field. They need to be quick and have a strong arm to throw the ball to other players, such as the shortstop or third baseman, in order to get runners out. Left fielders also help stop hits from reaching the boundary line for extra points.

Grammatical Information:

compound noun
to even up the score
Verb
uk flag
/ˈiːvən ˌʌp ðə skˈoːɹ/
Informal
Specialized

to tie the game by scoring an equal number of points or runs as the opposing team

to field a call
phrase
uk flag
/fˈiːld ɐ kˈɔːl/
Collocation
Informal

to answer a phone call, especially in a professional or business context

to [get] to first base with {sth}
to get to first base with something
phrase
uk flag
/ɡɛt tə fˈɜːst bˈeɪs wɪð ˌɛstˌiːˈeɪtʃ/
Informal

to achieve an initial level of success in dealing with a particular task, situation, challenge, etc.

What is the origin of the idiom "get to first base with something" and when to use it?

The idiom "get to first base with something" originated from the sport of baseball. The first base is the starting point, and a player must reach it in order to advance to the next bases. If a player reaches all four bases and returns to home plate, they score a run for their team. It is an idiom often used to describe initial progress or success in a project or endeavor.

to go to bat for somebody
phrase
uk flag
/ɡˌoʊ tə bˈæt fɔːɹ ˌɛsbˈiː/
Idiom
Informal

to support or defend someone, especially in a challenging situation

good sport
noun
uk flag
/ɡˈʊd spˈoːɹt/
Approving
Everyday expression

a person who is agreeable, easygoing, and handles situations, especially losses or failures, with grace and good humor

Grammatical Information:

compound noun
home run
noun
uk flag
/hˈoʊm ɹˈʌn/

a hit in baseball that occurs when a batter hits the ball and runs around all four bases, scoring a run for their team

What is a "home run"?

A home run in baseball or softball happens when a batter hits the ball out of the playing field's boundaries, typically over the outfield fence, without the ball touching the ground. This allows the batter to round all the bases and return to home plate, scoring a run for their team. A home run is one of the most exciting plays in the game and is often a result of powerful hitting. It can also occur if the ball is hit inside the field but the fielder drops or fails to catch it, allowing the batter to keep running and score.

Grammatical Information:

compound noun
to kick off
Verb
uk flag
/kˈɪk ˈɔf/

to start, especially referring to an event or activity

Grammatical Information:

Phrasal Status
inseparable
phrase's verb
kick
phrase's particle
off
neck and neck
neck and neck
phrase
uk flag
/nˈɛk ænd nˈɛk/
Idiom
Informal

used when two or more participants in a race or competition are very close and have an equal chance of winning

What is the origin of the idiom "make a go of something" and when to use it?

The idiom "neck and neck" likely originates from the world of horse racing, where it is crucial to measure the distances between horses at the finish line. When two horses are very close to each other, with their necks aligned, it signifies a close and competitive race with no clear leader. Over time, this horse racing terminology has been adopted into everyday language to describe any close competition or situation where two or more parties are evenly matched.

off base
Adjective
uk flag
/ˈɔf bˈeɪs/

used to describe someone or something that is incorrect, mistaken, or not in line with the facts or the situation

to pinch hit
Verb
uk flag
/pˈɪntʃ hˈɪt/

to step in and take someone else's place, especially in an important or unexpected situation

Grammatical Information:

Phrasal Status
inseparable
to pitch
Verb
p
p
i
ɪ
t
ch
ʧ

to actively promote or advertise a product, service, event, or idea

Grammatical Information:

transitive
(right|) off the bat
(right) off the bat
phrase
uk flag
/ɹˈaɪt ˈɔf ðə bˈæt/
Idiom
Informal

in an instant and with no delay

What is the origin of the idiom "off the bat" and when to use it?

The origin of the idiom"off the bat" is rooted in baseball terminology. In baseball, when a batter hits the ball, it makes immediate contact with the bat and quickly flies off. This association of swift action and immediate response likely influenced the idiomatic usage of this expression to describe an action that is done without instantly and without any hesitation.

right out of the chute
phrase
uk flag
/ɹˈaɪt ˌaʊɾəv ðə ʃˈuːt/
Idiom
Informal

used to describe something happening immediately from the start or as soon as something begins

to settle a score with somebody
phrase
uk flag
/sˈɛɾəl ɐ skˈoːɹ wɪð ˌɛsbˈiː/
Idiom
Informal

to take revenge or get even with someone, often for a past wrongdoing

to strike out
to strike out
Verb
uk flag
/stɹˈaɪk ˈaʊt/

to eliminate someone or something from a list

Grammatical Information:

Phrasal Status
separable
phrase's verb
strike
phrase's particle
out
to tackle
to tackle
Verb
t
t
a
æ
ck
k
ə
l
l
e

to try to deal with a difficult problem or situation in a determined manner

Grammatical Information:

transitive
to take the wind out of one's sails
phrase
uk flag
/tˈeɪk ðə wˈɪnd ˌaʊɾəv wˈʌnz sˈeɪlz/
Idiom
Informal

to discourage or weaken someone’s confidence, momentum, or enthusiasm

the ball is in one's court
sentence
uk flag
/ðə bˈɔːl ɪz ɪn wˈʌnz kˈoːɹt/
Idiom
Informal

used to tell someone that it depends on them to make a certain decision or to take a specified action

What is the origin of the idiom "the ball is in one's court" and when to use it?

The idiom "the ball is in one's court" has its origin in the world of sports, particularly in games like tennis and racquet sports. In these games, players take turns hitting a ball back and forth over a net. When the ball is in one player's court, it means it is their turn to make a move or take action. Figuratively, this expression is used to convey that someone is responsible for making a decision or taking action in a particular situation, and it implies that it is now their turn to respond or make their move.

to [throw] {sb} a (curveball|curve)
to throw somebody a curveball
phrase
uk flag
/θɹˈoʊ ˌɛsbˈiː ɐ kˈɜːvɪbˌɔːl kˈɜːv/
Idiom
Informal

to introduce a surprising or unexpected element or challenge into a situation

What is the origin of the idiom "throw someone a curveball" and when to use it?

The idiom "throw someone a curveball" originates from baseball, where a curveball is a pitch that suddenly changes direction as it approaches the batter, making it challenging to predict and hit. This expression is often used when someone is faced with a situation that catches them off guard or requires them to adapt quickly.

a different ball game
phrase
uk flag
/ɐ dˈɪfɹənt nˈuː bˈɔːl ɡˈeɪm/
Idiom
Informal

a situation that is completely different from what one was previously dealing with

What is the origin of the idiom "a different ball game" and when to use it?

The origin of the idiom "a different ball game" is rooted in the sport of baseball. The phrase is derived from the idea that each game of baseball presents unique challenges, strategies, and outcomes. It is used figuratively to refer to a situation or circumstance that is significantly different from a previous one, requiring a fresh approach or mindset. The idiom emphasizes the idea of a distinct and separate situation, highlighting the need for adaptation and adjustment to the new set of circumstances.

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You learned 23 words from A Closer Look : Lesson 5. To improve learning and review vocabulary, start practicing.

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