even if

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZXZlbiBpZg&hash=d2b872ea3ee1d26ada3290f266bd228dc5261968&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to simulate

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gc2ltdWxhdGU&hash=2c94dc6087c09e80b9d87a22515f91eba614acd4&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to match

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gbWF0Y2g&hash=12cf0868dee5aad3d024669459d476babad7f686&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

contrast

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29udHJhc3Q&hash=782ef4a5c5db0f1df838e2790f6fadd5832d3a91&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to underline

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gdW5kZXJsaW5l&hash=6cb4919a91211b7aab347cbb1f7f352c8ff26db1&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to promote

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gcHJvbW90ZQ&hash=6a7dd171affdcda7cc4fe8fcba32fd26f7413aed&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

belonging

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YmVsb25naW5n&hash=ea1a024ade6e7f928689b676a245af5367bfcdb6&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

community

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29tbXVuaXR5&hash=328e799e963d9342868b859fb874cdf0105d47ce&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

A lingua franca is a language that serves as a common means of communication between speakers of different native languages. It is often used in trade, travel, or multicultural settings where people need to understand each other despite their different backgrounds. A lingua franca can be a widely spoken language, like English or French, or it can be a simplified version of a language, known as a pidgin. The primary purpose of a lingua franca is to facilitate communication and interaction, making it easier for diverse groups to share information and ideas.

What is a "lingua franca"?

lingua franca

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bGluZ3VhIGZyYW5jYQ&hash=436c5a52c41b95fbdbba7ba11b83289e81486abb&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

predecessor

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cHJlZGVjZXNzb3I&hash=e574b824372a4ef6529ad704b7eb1821d534ae9c&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

practical

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cHJhY3RpY2Fs&hash=31d9291873deb49ddeabcb2b8674bc60ad824331&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to diminish

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZGltaW5pc2g&hash=e840ce387e5451ede70e7ce290436e3652f35d4b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to persist

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gcGVyc2lzdA&hash=e71e7da11ea1e8b63f6069276231db9c60224714&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

substitute

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3Vic3RpdHV0ZQ&hash=5160ffd3a0464813d67d114e79be2e9aa3c1a97f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

subtle

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3VidGxl&hash=8032cc62de6485a32a06109226c581a33dfc7752&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

vital

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dml0YWw&hash=a1d884829fc3ab2e115537e2127ebcea64051d53&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to come with

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gY29tZSB3aXRo&hash=a22741abd3b424fecf5bed01e155bed46cb1652e&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

familiar

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZmFtaWxpYXI&hash=3b0fc0f1dfc3fbb38a85a78024fa5a5c84f8bedf&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

aspect

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXNwZWN0&hash=c09e5ad038e6bc69f305fa573e3902c64a2fdcb2&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to assist

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYXNzaXN0&hash=22366df1e4c15bffc9df2373f3db2b76218f59de&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

content

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29udGVudA&hash=8e50778191fa9d3bfc409da3a7b5b090681b3ee3&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

technical

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dGVjaG5pY2Fs&hash=7b8c3188116c8246f6299943b6b0e2088ae0c562&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to refer

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gcmVmZXI&hash=2b25c294cc84b555a6423f1e03a279db1418e45c&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to consider

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gY29uc2lkZXI&hash=63e4ba34a7aab94ee65b22a5ec41ae5be4eacb49&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

undesirable

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dW5kZXNpcmFibGU&hash=99040e367638c00f265bad93594f097bef19b584&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to intend

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gaW50ZW5k&hash=36ec9d0595149b46bd163071f267c7a07f31d3b9&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

surprising

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3VycHJpc2luZw&hash=882ee71d8c33061fab73f827593bdf5e4e97924a&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

reluctance

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmVsdWN0YW5jZQ&hash=c3c0f5a6700ad9c9cfbb9ae878041f867ec1283c&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

understandable

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dW5kZXJzdGFuZGFibGU&hash=c879d3a4228ab99075de6aaf70410ed1c06f602d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

equipment

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZXF1aXBtZW50&hash=15b587361ffb2c35b2cc4ba255fb43d15073d212&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

A voice over is a narration technique where a speaker provides commentary or dialogue that is heard over a film, television show, or other media. The speaker's voice is heard by the audience, but they are not seen on screen. Voice overs are used to offer additional information, reveal a character's thoughts, or provide context that supports the visual elements of the story.

What is a "voice over"?

voice over

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dm9pY2Ugb3Zlcg&hash=99bf5ac0e2d97877affa70e43f861b40b43651db&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

appropriately

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXBwcm9wcmlhdGVseQ&hash=6762fa43d86d04db5d55dacf973f403d18fd535b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to maintain

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gbWFpbnRhaW4&hash=74b4b263da47f0758bf56208b4d25ed5fc6492b8&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

concern

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29uY2Vybg&hash=557cad89614ccabaf616d29de16841462e735a77&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to conform

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gY29uZm9ybQ&hash=1fd49c236bef8d52f463e6164beb83f021a5f662&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

far from

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZmFyIGZyb20&hash=ad5031fa3713715676e4f83de8b78d8c84de2f1d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

despite

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZGVzcGl0ZQ&hash=7037d8498eb80d7fa0eda7883e7b1e97fde35bf5&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

throughout

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dGhyb3VnaG91dA&hash=dda2be841b136dd539bdc48356c1b3c655504ebc&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

overall

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=b3ZlcmFsbA&hash=784e69b1b810cf3da99a8fb130b47609d837658e&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

automated

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXV0b21hdGVk&hash=3d97578436b41478117f7ac23c0e2134cffc3012&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

immigrant

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aW1taWdyYW50&hash=8116a15ef53eb0d93d632ad218192acbd45cb292&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

visual aspect

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dmlzdWFsIGFzcGVjdA&hash=ac6f73aa712a09cf2f07e8ed8a31309ee425b82c&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

(as|so) far as {sth} [is] concerned

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXMgZmFyIGFzIHNvbWV0aGluZyBpcyBjb25jZXJuZWQ&hash=d867ec6ab523213a1ec2a127ea071f4f6eaa8d50&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to dub

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZHVi&hash=62036e85aa9f28f9e7fc057b6ce90ce91c6de05b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to morph

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gbW9ycGg&hash=8e5e666e6eda829869f22b8b09e9152e394e42ad&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

Here you can find the vocabulary from Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (4) in the Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

IELTS 19 - Academic | Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (4)

Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (4)

Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic "Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (4)" Vocabulary