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bilharzia
/bɪlhˈɑːɹziə/
noun
an infestation with or a resulting infection caused by a parasite of the genus Schistosoma; common in the tropics and Far East; symptoms depend on the part of the body infected
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chronic fatigue syndrome
/kɹˈɑːnɪk fɐtˈiːɡ sˈɪndɹoʊm/
noun
a disorder characterized by severe fatigue that is not relieved by rest, along with other symptoms like pain, cognitive problems, and sleep disturbances
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AIDS
/ˈeɪdz/
noun
a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the body's immune system and weakens it, can cause death in severe cases
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encephalitis
/ɛnˌsɛfəˈɫaɪtəs/
noun
inflammation of the brain usually caused by a virus; symptoms include headache and neck pain and drowsiness and nausea and fever (`phrenitis' is no longer in scientific use)
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glaucoma
/ɡɫɔˈkoʊmə/
noun
an eye disease that damages the optic nerve and impairs vision (sometimes progressing to blindness)
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polio
/ˈpoʊɫiˌoʊ/
noun
a disabling and life-threatening disease that causes nerve injuries leading to permanent paralysis, happens mostly in children younger than 5
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rabies
/ˈɹeɪbiz/
noun
a viral disease of mammals, particularly dogs that is usually passed to humans through the bite of an infected animal
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sleeping sickness
/slˈiːpɪŋ sˈɪknəs/
noun
an encephalitis that was epidemic between 1915 and 1926; symptoms include paralysis of the extrinsic eye muscle and extreme muscular weakness
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thrush
/ˈθɹəʃ/
noun
candidiasis of the oral cavity; seen mostly in infants or debilitated adults
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cancer
/ˈkænsɝ/
noun
a serious disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of cells in a part of the body that may spread to other parts
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Alzheimer's disease
/ˈɑːltshaɪmɚz dɪzˈiːz/
noun
a progressive neurologic disorder, particularly affecting older people, that slowly destroys brain cells and causes thinking ability and memory to deteriorate over time
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lou gehrig's disease
/lˈuː dʒˈeɪɹɪɡz dɪzˈiːz/
noun
a progressive neurodegenerative disease that mainly affects motor neurons of the spinal cord which causes weakness in muscles and eventually causes paralysis and early death
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pellagra
/pəˈɫæɡɹə/
noun
a disease caused by severe vitamin B3 or niacin deficiency and characterized by skin changes, mental symptoms, and diarrhea
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mad cow disease
/mˈæd kˈaʊ dɪzˈiːz/
noun
a fatal neurological disease that affects cattle and can occasionally be transmitted to humans as well
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Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
/sˌiːdʒˌeɪdˈiː/
noun
a rare and potentially fatal disease that primarily affects the brain and causes brain damage that aggravates over time
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beriberi
/bˌɛɹɪbˈɛɹi/
noun
avitaminosis caused by lack of thiamine (vitamin B1)
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motor neurone disease
/mˈoʊɾɚ nˈʊɹɹoʊn dɪzˈiːz/
noun
a progressive neurological disorder that causes the degeneration of the motor system and ultimately kills the patient
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parkinson's disease
/pˈɑːɹkɪnsənz dɪzˈiːz/
noun
a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by tremor and impaired muscular coordination
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radiation sickness
/ɹˌeɪdɪˈeɪʃən sˈɪknəs/
noun
syndrome resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g., exposure to radioactive chemicals or to nuclear explosions); low doses cause diarrhea and nausea and vomiting and sometimes loss of hair; greater exposure can cause sterility and cataracts and some forms of cancer and other diseases; severe exposure can cause death within hours
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rheumatic fever
/ɹuːmˈæɾɪk fˈiːvɚ/
noun
a severe disease chiefly of children and characterized by painful inflammation of the joints and frequently damage to the heart valves
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silicosis
/sˌɪlɪkˈoʊsɪs/
noun
a lung disease caused by inhaling particles of silica or quartz or slate
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aneurysm
/ˈænjʊˌɹɪzəm/, /ˈænjʊˌɹɪzm/
noun
a cardiovascular disease characterized by a saclike widening of an artery resulting from weakening of the artery wall
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angina
/ænˈdʒaɪnə/
noun
any disease of the throat or fauces marked by spasmodic attacks of intense suffocative pain
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asthma
/ˈæzmə/
noun
a disease that causes shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing
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fibromyalgia
/fˌɪbɹəmɪˈældʒə/
noun
a chronic disorder characterized by widespread pain, tenderness, and other symptoms like fatigue, sleep disturbances, and mood changes
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hepatitis
/ˌhɛpəˈtaɪtəs/
noun
inflammatory condition of the liver caused by a variety of infectious viruses or over-consumption of alcohol
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heart disease
/hˈɑːɹt dɪzˈiːz/
noun
a disease of the heart
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