alcoholism
/ˈæɫkəˌhɔˌɫɪzəm/
noun
a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis
allergy
/ˈæɫɝdʒi/
noun
a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested
alopecia
/ɐloʊpˈiːʃə/
noun
a medical condition characterized by hair loss or baldness, which can occur on the scalp or other parts of the body
amenorrhoea
/ɐmˌɛnəɹˈiə/
noun
absence or suppression of normal menstrual flow
amnesia
/æmˈniʒə/
noun
a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory
anaphylactic shock
/ˌænɐfɪlˈæktɪk ʃˈɑːk/
noun
a severe and rapid and sometimes fatal hypersensitivity reaction to a substance (especially a vaccine or penicillin or shellfish or insect venom) to which the organism has become sensitized by previous exposure
anaphylaxis
/ˌænəfəˈɫæksɪs/
noun
hypersensitivity reaction to the ingestion or injection of a substance (a protein or drug) resulting from prior contact with a substance
aphasia
/əˈfeɪʒə/
noun
a language disorder resulting from brain damage or injury that impairs an individual's ability to understand, produce, and use language
arteriosclerosis
/ɑɹˌtɪɹioʊskɫɝˈoʊsəs/
noun
sclerosis of the arterial walls
brain death
/bɹˈeɪn dˈɛθ/
noun
death when respiration and other reflexes are absent; consciousness is gone; organs can be removed for transplantation before the heartbeat stops
catarrh
/kətˈɑːɹ/
noun
a medical condition during which mucus accumulates in one's nose, throat, or sinuses and blocks them
cleft palate
/klˈɛft pˈælət/
noun
a congenital fissure of the hard palate
congestion
/kənˈdʒɛstʃən/
noun
a condition where an excess amount of blood or other fluid accumulates in a part of the body, leading to swelling or discomfort
deep vein thrombosis
/dˈiːp vˈeɪn θɹəmbˈoʊsɪs/
noun
a severe medical condition caused by a blood clot that is formed in one or more of the deep veins in one's body, particularly in one's legs
delirium tremens
/dɪlˈɪɹiəm tɹˈɛmɛnz/
noun
acute delirium caused by alcohol poisoning
diabetes
/ˌdaɪəˈbitiz/
noun
a serious medical condition in which the body is unable to regulate the blood sugar levels because it does not produce enough insulin
coronary thrombosis
/kˈɔːɹənˌɛɹi θɹəmbˈoʊsɪs/
noun
a severe medical condition during which a blood clot in a coronary artery causes a blockage in the flow of blood that leads to heart
anemia
/əˈnimiə/
noun
a condition in which the number of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin in one's body is low
exposure
/ɪkˈspoʊʒɝ/
noun
a serious medical condition caused by being out in extreme cold for very long without protection to the effects of harsh weather
fever
/ˈfivɝ/
noun
a condition when the body temperature rises, usually when we are sick
gallstone
/ˈɡɔɫˌstoʊn/
noun
a calculus formed in the gall bladder or its ducts
gangrene
/ˈɡænɡɹin/
noun
a chronic condition during which tissues in one's body die as a result of an obstruction in circulation or a bacterial infection
haemorrhage
/hˈɛmɚɹɪdʒ/
noun
an escape of blood from a damaged or ruptured blood vessel
hemorrhoids
/ˈhɛmɝˌɔɪdz/
noun
swollen and painful veins in the lower part of the anus and rectum
heart failure
/hˈɑːɹt fˈeɪlɪɹ/
noun
inability of the heart to pump enough blood to sustain normal bodily functions
heatstroke
/hˈiːtstɹoʊk/
noun
a condition that one experiences if exposed to too much heat
hernia
/ˈhɝniə/
noun
a condition in which part of an organ squeezes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place
bronchitis
/bɹɑŋˈkaɪtəs/
noun
a condition when the tubes that carry air to one's lungs get infectious
hyperglycaemia
/hˌaɪpɚɡlɪkˈiːmiə/
noun
abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes
hypoglycaemia
/hˌaɪpoʊɡlaɪkˈiːmiə/
noun
abnormally low blood sugar usually resulting from excessive insulin or a poor diet
hypothermia
/ˌhaɪpəˈθɝmiə/
noun
subnormal body temperature
hysteria
/hɪˈstɛɹiə/
noun
a medical condition in which a person suddenly feels extreme emotions or makes them violent in a way that they cannot control it
immunodeficiency
/ˌɪmjunoʊˌdɪˈfɪʃənsi/
noun
immunological disorder in which some part of the body's immune system is inadequate and resistance to infectious diseases is reduced
insomnia
/ˌɪnˈsɑmniə/
noun
a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep
malnutrition
/ˌmæɫnuˈtɹɪʃən/
noun
a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy
migraine
/ˈmaɪˌɡɹeɪn/
noun
a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea
narcolepsy
/ˈnɑɹkəˌɫɛpsi/
noun
a sleep disorder characterized by sudden and uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep
necrosis
/nəˈkɹoʊsəs/
noun
a type of cell death that occurs due to injury, infection, inflammation, or other forms of cellular stress
obesity
/əˈbisəti/, /oʊˈbisəti/
noun
the state of being very fat in an unhealthy way
osteoporosis
/ˌɔstiˌɑpɝˈoʊsɪs/
noun
abnormal loss of bony tissue resulting in fragile porous bones attributable to a lack of calcium; most common in postmenopausal women
paraplegia
/ˌpɛɹəˈpɫidʒiə/
noun
a type of paralysis that affects the legs and the lower body as the result of spinal cord damage
peptic ulcer
/pˈɛptɪk ˈʌlsɚ/
noun
an ulcer of the mucous membrane lining of the alimentary tract
inflammation
/ˌɪnfɫəˈmeɪʃən/
noun
a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury
sepsis
/ˈsɛpsɪs/
noun
the presence of pus-forming bacteria or their toxins in the blood or tissues
slipped disc
/slˈɪpt dˈɪsk/
noun
a painful condition resulting from one of the discs in one's spine moving out of its proper position
sudden infant death syndrome
/sˈʌdən ˈɪnfənt dˈɛθ sˈɪndɹoʊm/
noun
sudden and unexpected death of an apparently healthy infant during sleep
thrombosis
/θɹɑmˈboʊsəs/
noun
a severe medical condition in which the blood clots and blocks the blood vessels, particularly those leading to one's heart
fetal alcohol syndrome
/fˈiːɾəl ˈælkəhˌɑːl sˈɪndɹoʊm/
noun
a severe medical condition resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol during pregnancy that can cause the child to be born with birth defects and developmental disabilities
laryngitis
/ˌɫɑɹɪnˈdʒaɪtəs/
noun
a severe medical condition during which voice cords in one's voice box become painful and swollen, often resulting in loss of the voice or having difficulty breathing
snow-blindness
/snˈoʊblˈaɪndnəs/
noun
a condition of being temporarily unable to see due to one's eyes being exposed to ultraviolet rays reflected off snow or ice
breathlessness
/bɹˈɛθləsnəs/
noun
a condition that makes one breath too fast or with difficulty
cataract
/ˈkætɝækt/
noun
a medical condition characterized by the progressive clouding or opacity of the lens of the eye, resulting in blurred vision
toxemia
/tɑːksˈiːmiə/
noun
an abnormal condition of pregnancy characterized by hypertension and edema and protein in the urine
scurvy
/skˈɜːvi/
noun
a condition caused by deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
emphysema
/ˌɛmfəˈzimə/
noun
an abnormal condition of the lungs marked by decreased respiratory function; associated with smoking or chronic bronchitis or old age
diarrhea
/ˌdaɪɝˈiə/
noun
a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently
atrophy
/ˈætɹəfi/
noun
a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuse
heart attack
/hˈɑːɹt ɐtˈæk/
noun
a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases
altitude sickness
/ˈæltɪtˌuːd sˈɪknəs/
noun
effects (as nosebleed or nausea) of oxygen deficiency in the blood and tissues at high altitudes
seasickness
/sˈiːsɪknəs/
noun
wooziness and nausea caused by the rocking motion of a boat or ship
sunstroke
/sˈʌnstɹoʊk/
noun
an illness characterized by high fever and caused by prolonged exposure to excessive heat or sunlight
stroke
/ˈstɹoʊk/
noun
a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body
cardiac arrest
/kˈɑːɹdɪˌæk ɐɹˈɛst/
noun
absence of systole; failure of the ventricles of the heart to contract (usually caused by ventricular fibrillation) with consequent absence of the heart beat leading to oxygen lack and eventually to death
myocardial infarction
/mˌaɪəkˈɑːɹdɪəl ɪnfˈɑːɹkʃən/
noun
destruction of heart tissue resulting from obstruction of the blood supply to the heart muscle
infarction
/ˌɪnˈfɑɹkʃən/
noun
localized necrosis resulting from obstruction of the blood supply
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