yellow fever
/jˈɛloʊ fˈiːvɚ/
nouna tropical viral disease, characterized by fever, muscle pain, etc. which consequently leads to jaundice and potential death, transmitted by infected mosquitoes
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1. People caught malaria and yellow fever.
2. Really, yellow fever was just Asian girls.
3. That wasn't yellow fever.
4. It's like yellow fever.
5. These liver issues occasionally caused yellowing of the skin, hence the name yellow fever.
tetanus
/ˈtɛtənəs/
nouna severe infectious disease marked by painful muscle contractions, particularly that of the jaw, as a result of bacteria invading the body through cuts or wounds
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Examples
1. Treatment of tetanus involves application of tetanus immune globulin and supportive care measures.
2. Finally, tetanus vaccine immunization can prevent the disease.
3. Give him tetanus and diamorphine right away! -
4. Tetanus is a very well-known bacterial disease.
5. Statistically, it reduced tetanus cases by 95%.
swine flu
/swˈaɪn flˈuː/
nouna potentially fatal disease passed between humans that is caused by an influenza strain similar to swine flu in pigs
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Examples
1. This includes swine flu, bird flu, Ebola, aids, foot and mouth, mad cow disease, and many seasonal flus.
2. This during swine flu, the Obama Biden administration had 66 percent approval in a polarized political environment like the one that we have.
3. This is the Swine Flu.
4. In 2009, the world went into swine flu panic.
5. A nice example of this came from last year and swine flu.
smallpox
/ˈsmɔɫˌpɑks/
nounan acute infectious disease characterized by fever and skin eruption, usually leaving permanent scars
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Examples
1. So, smallpox had a major impact in Western Europe.
2. No person in the world had smallpox.
3. Smallpox killed billions of people on this planet.
4. One of the men had smallpox.
5. Smallpox is a perfect example.
scrapie
/skɹˈæpaɪ/
nounan infectious and often fatal disease that mainly affects the nervous system of sheep
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Examples
1. Some TSEs you may have heard of before include Mad Cow Disease or Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in cattle, scrapie in goats and sheep, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in humans.
2. Scrapie was only found in Western Europe for the first two hundred years of its known existence, but in the mid-20th century, a Michigan farmer imported sheep from England and his entire flock was killed off by the disease.
3. Today, only Australia and New Zealand are known to be free from scrapie.
SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)
/ˈsɑɹz/
nouna viral respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus that can be easily passed from one person to another
Examples
SARS-CoV-2
/sˈɑːɹzkˈoʊ vˈiː tˈuː/
nounsevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a variation of coronavirus that was first reported back in 2019
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Examples
1. And that happened with SARS-CoV-2.
2. One initial study from China showed decreases in SARS-CoV-2 transmission along with increases in humidity.
3. This is SARS-CoV-2.
4. SARS-CoV-2 shares between 80 to 90% of its genetic material with SARS, the virus we know about from 2003.
5. - Severe acute respiratory syndrome, and now with COVID-19, we're facing SARS-COV-2.
pneumonia
/nəˈmoʊnjə/, /nuˈmoʊnjə/
nounthe infection and inflammation of air sacs in one's lungs, usually caused by a bacterial infection that makes breathing difficult
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Examples
1. Patients get pneumonia.
2. A large number of various organisms can cause pneumonia.
3. Serious problems include pneumonia.
4. Pneumonia can cause symptoms of cough and shortness of breath.
5. Pneumonia spreads large amounts of bacteria throughout your lungs.
plague
/ˈpɫeɪɡ/
nouna dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected
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Examples
1. Unfortunately, creative differences plagued the movie's long road to a theatrical release.
2. Child travel neglect, basically, it plagues a couple of communities.
3. Plague is a teacher.
4. Religious strife plagued the Roman Empire of the Third Century AD.
5. This question has plagued humanity for centuries.
pertussis
/pɝˈtəsɪs/
nouna contagious respiratory disease often characterized by violent coughs and breathing difficulties
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Examples
1. Like pertussis, better known as whooping cough.
2. In addition to this, though, pertussis toxin causes an increase in the absolute lymphocyte level in the blood, specifically an increase in the population of T cells floating around through a few mechanisms.
3. Pertussis vaccine is most often given as a part of the DTap vaccine which stands for Diphtheria, Tetanus, and acellular Pertussis.
4. Pertussis which causes whopping cough. - Whoop, whoop.
5. Symptoms for pertussis include fever and runny nose.
meningitis
/ˌmɛnənˈdʒaɪtəs/
nouna serious infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the thin protective tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord, causing intense headaches and high temperature
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1. What makes meningitis so dangerous compared to other diseases is the sheer speed with which it invades a person’s body.
2. It invades the brain like meningitis.
3. Modern researchers believe she may have had Scarlet Fever or, possibly, meningitis.
4. - is he having meningitis?
5. And he had Cryptococcal meningitis.
measles
/ˈmizəɫz/
nouna contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children
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Examples
1. Cheer up, Measles.
2. You’d be surprised, Measles.
3. That’s right, Measles.
4. Especially for the Childhood Vaccines we're all familiar with, MEASLES, PERTUSSIS, FLU, Et Cetera.
5. MMR stands for Measles, Mumps and Rubella.
croup
/ˈkɹup/
nouna common respiratory infection in children that causes swelling around the vocal cords
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1. Epinephrine is the treatment of choice for cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, and severe croup.
2. And then my middle son came down with croup and he had that horrible cough.
3. But my boys are quite prone to getting Croup
4. If your child has had Croup, you will know what I mean.
5. Fraser used to get croup quite often when he was about three or four years old.
corona
/kɝˈoʊnə/
nounan infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus
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Examples
1. Excuse me sir, my name is corona.
2. - She definitely has corona?
3. - I did get corona.
4. So, the name of the virus and the beer is 'Corona'.
5. Forget corona.
Covid-19
/kˈɑːvɪd nˈaɪntiːn/
nounan infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic
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Examples
1. Then in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic closed down clothing factories in China.
2. Does COVID-19 go away?
3. Will the vaccine cause COVID-19?
4. She had COVID-19 back in March.
5. Has COVID-19 changed the economic case for meat and dairy?
common cold
/kˈɑːmən kˈoʊld/
nouna viral infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract and can be caused by several different types of viruses
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1. Some strains cause the common cold, for example.
2. The common cold originated in camels.
3. He has a common cold.
4. Four of these coronaviruses cause the common cold.
5. A study examined the effects of zinc on the common cold in children ages one to 10.
cholera
/ˈkɑɫɝə/
nouna potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting
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1. In Yemen, for instance, a massive outbreak of cholera began in 2016 during a Civil War as the sewage system fell apart.
2. Medicine can treat cholera.
3. During that time, his mother told him folktales and true tales of horror, including her experiences during an outbreak of cholera in 1832.
4. When Snow observed the situation in London, he therefore concluded that cholera was spread by tiny fecal particles in the water.
5. In England in 1835, cholera killed many people.
chickenpox
/tʃˈɪkɪnpˌɑːks/
nouna contagious disease that causes a mild fever and an itchy rash with blisters, primarily affects children
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Examples
1. - Who didn't have chickenpox then, obviously.
2. The first exposure to the virus, usually during childhood, leads to chickenpox.
3. Did you ever get chickenpox?
4. So Jessica has had chickenpox before.
5. I got chickenpox.
long Covid
/lˈɑːŋ kˈɑːvɪd/
nouna medical condition wherein people continue to experience COVID-19 symptoms for weeks or months after they begin to recover
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Examples
1. They're staying sick with what's called long COVID.
2. The M.E. community and long COVID communities are helping each other.
3. And so there's a lot more information that is ongoing to show that full impact of long COVID.
4. Even if you get mild disease, kids, young people get long COVID, there's no doubt.
5. Many people with long Covid are the same people who have had more significant symptomatic illness.
leprosy
/ˈɫɛpɹəsi/
nouna chronic infectious disease caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae that can affect the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose
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1. Leprosy often begins as a simple skin condition.
2. But people can cure leprosy.
3. Immediately, that man's leprosy fell off.
4. He adds leprosy.
5. Leprosy likely came from water Buffalo.
rubella
/ɹuˈbɛɫə/
nouna contagious viral illness, often occurring in children, that causes a red rash on the body as well as symptoms like fever, sore throat, and eye redness
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Examples
1. We have a very good rubella vaccine, very good mumps vaccine.
2. That same year physician and researcher Stanley Plotkin developed the rubella vaccine.
3. Measles, mumps, rubella, smallpox, and chickenpox are all examples of Live-attenuated vaccines.
4. Thanks to the numerous campaigns and vaccination drives, rubella was finally gone from the US around 2004.
5. Rubella shots are given as triple-antigens known as the MMR vaccine.
gastric flu
/ɡˈæstɹɪk flˈuː/
nounan intestinal infection that often causes watery diarrhea, inflammation, nausea, vomiting, or fever
Examples
paratyphoid fever
/pˈæɹətˌɪfɔɪd fˈiːvɚ/
nounany of a variety of infectious intestinal diseases resembling typhoid fever
Examples
ebola
/iˈboʊɫə/
nouna potentially fatal disease that causes problems with how one's blood clots
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Examples
1. Another area of the body Ebola attacks is the liver.
2. And the topic was Ebola.
3. - Is this Ebola?
4. Now one of the most deadly infections out there is Ebola.
5. The carrier, Phoenix Air, often evacuates Ebola patients.
tonsillitis
/tˌɑːnsɪlˈaɪɾɪs/
nounan infection or inflammation of the tonsils
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1. And as our tonsils get smaller, so do our chances of a sore throat from tonsillitis.
2. It sets you up for recurrent tonsillitis.
3. Blackjack is good for inflammation, rheumatism, sore throats, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and stomach ulcers.
4. It is great to fight colds, flu, tonsillitis, cough, asthma, and allergies.
5. Oh those tonsils are really enlarged, Gerald. - Oh, tonsillitis.
mumps
/ˈməmps/
nounan infectious viral disease characterized by fever and the painful swelling of the neck
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1. Mumps is a disease caused by the mumps virus, which is a member of the paramyxoviridae family.
2. Mumps vaccine has reduced the occurrence of mumps dramatically, with outbreaks happening most often in areas where children aren’t vaccinated.
3. Measles, Mumps, and Rubella this is an established vaccine also quite expensive.
4. Mumps vaccine is available in combination with vaccines for rubella and measles.
5. MMR stands for Measles, Mumps and Rubella.
diphtheria
/dɪfˈθɪɹiɑ/
nouna chronic infection caused by a gram-positive bacterium and characterized by the formation of a false membrane in the air passages, particularly those of the throat
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1. Following the operation, she came down with diphtheria.
2. Examples on these ones are protecting against tetanus and diphtheria.
3. There are vaccines for rabies, for typhoid, diphtheria.
4. Diphtheria vaccine Another deadly disease caused by bacteria.
5. Diphtheria vaccines are given as a combination shot with tetanus and pertussis vaccine.
influenza
/ˌɪnfɫuˈɛnzə/
nounan acute febrile highly contagious viral disease
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1. Hippocrates first described influenza in 412 BC.
2. So the formal name for flu is influenza.
3. - Unfortunately, influenza is constantly mutating.
4. Children transmit influenza frequently but not SARS Cov2.
5. Influenza will wreak absolute havoc on your nose, lungs and throat.
avian flu
/ˈeɪvɪən flˈuː/
nouna type of influenza virus that rapidly spreads among birds and in rare cases, it can affect humans as well
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1. In fact, the major outbreaks like the Spanish flu of 1918, swine flu, avian flu, those were types of influenza A that were devastating on populations.
2. Once again, the world was fortunate in that avian flu didn't spread readily among human beings.
3. And the Avian Flu is also not a good idea.
4. That's the sound of genetic mutations of the avian flu becoming a deadly human flu.
5. And you have mad cow disease, you have swine flu, you have avian flu.
giardiasis
/dʒɐədˈɪæsiz/
nouninfection of the intestines with protozoa found in contaminated food and water; characterized by diarrhea and nausea and flatulence and abdominal discomfort
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1. Diarrhea-causing illnesses, like salmonella or giardiasis, are 30% more likely when you don't wash your hands.
infectious mononucleosis
/ɪnfˈɛkʃəs mˌɑːnoʊnˌuːklɪˈoʊsɪs/
nounan acute disease characterized by fever and swollen lymph nodes and an abnormal increase of mononuclear leucocytes or monocytes in the bloodstream; not highly contagious; some believe it can be transmitted by kissing
Examples
malaria
/məˈɫɛɹiə/
nouna potentially fatal disease normally transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito
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Examples
1. These deadly parasites cause malaria.
2. If every infected person quickly took malaria medicine, most would be well in a few days.
3. This c**t's got malaria.
4. Yet malaria persists.
5. My mother came down with malaria.
toxic shock syndrome
/tˈɑːksɪk ʃˈɑːk sˈɪndɹoʊm/
nounsyndrome resulting from a serious acute (sometimes fatal) infection associated with the presence of staphylococcus; characterized by fever and diarrhea and nausea and diffuse erythema and shock; occurs especially in menstruating women using highly absorbent tampons
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1. The materials also provide an environment that the bacteria staphylococcus like, which can lead to a rare but potentially fatal disease known as Toxic Shock Syndrome.
2. In 1983 more than 2,200 cases of Toxic Shock Syndrome were reported to the CDC, but by 1997 there were only 5 cases.
3. Even in the absence of Toxic Shock Syndrome, tampons that are forgotten for long periods of time are no fun for anybody.
typhoid
/ˈtaɪfɔɪd/
nouna serious and potentially life-threatening disease marked by high fever, diarrhea, and red spots that appear on the chest and abdomen
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1. Apparently instead of potties they had typhoid.
2. What is typhoid fever, anyway?
3. People are vaccinated against polio, typhoid, mumps, measles, rubella and many other sicknesses.
4. And everybody gets typhoid.
5. Die of typhoid?
tuberculosis
/təˌbɝkjəˈɫoʊsɪs/, /tuˌbɝkjəˈɫoʊsəs/, /tuˌbɝkjuˈɫoʊsəs/
nouna potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body
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Examples
1. She had tuberculosis.
2. Lots of people had tuberculosis.
3. Tuberculosis is generally treatable with antibiotics.
4. In conditions like that, tuberculosis runs riot.
5. Tuberculosis also had an effect on gender issues.
bubonic plague
/bjuːbˈɑːnɪk plˈeɪɡ/
nounthe most common form of the plague in humans; characterized by chills, prostration, delirium and the formation of buboes in the armpits and groin; does not spread from person to person
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1. But let's begin with the Black Death, a huge pandemic of a disease called Bubonic Plague, which spread to Europe from Asia.
2. In the 14th century, conspiracy theorists claimed that Jewish people were responsible for the Bubonic Plague.
3. The electors started to use the Tiergarten as a hunting ground in 1530, the city officially became Lutheran in 1539, and the Bubonic Plague killed around 6,000 people in 1576 just a couple decades before the city reached 12,000 people.
4. A half decade after the blast, in 541, the first instance of Bubonic Plague struck the Byzantine trading nexus of Pelusium in Egypt, probably originating somewhere in the eastern steppe of Northern China.
5. The new Red Bull formula is released in Austria, and spreads throughout the continent like the Bubonic Plague.
cytomegalovirus
/ˌsaɪtəˌmɛɡəɫoʊˈvaɪɹəs/
nounany of a group of herpes viruses that enlarge epithelial cells and can cause birth defects; can affect humans with impaired immunological systems
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1. So first case, CMV, virus, cytomegalovirus, should not preoccupy most people in this room.
2. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection is the infection of a fetus with cytomegalovirus, or CMV, during intrauterine life.
3. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection is the infection of a fetus with cytomegalovirus, or CMV, during intrauterine life.
4. Cytomegalovirus, or CMV, is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the herpesviridae family.
5. Many people with AIDS die from infections that a healthy immune system would typically be able to fend off, like pneumocystis, cytomegalovirus, or mycobacterium avium complex.
epstein-barr virus
/ˈɛpstaɪnbˈɑːɹ vˈaɪɹəs/
nounthe herpes virus that causes infectious mononucleosis; associated with specific cancers in Africa and China
Examples
legionnaires' disease
/lˌiːdʒənˈɛɹz dɪzˈiːz/
nounacute (sometimes fatal) lobar pneumonia caused by bacteria of a kind first recognized after an outbreak of the disease at an American Legion convention in Philadelphia in 1976; characterized by fever and muscle and chest pain and headache and chills and a dry cough
Examples
leptospirosis
/lˌɛptəspɪɹˈoʊsɪs/
nounan infectious disease cause by leptospira and transmitted to humans from domestic animals; characterized by jaundice and fever
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Examples
1. And leptospirosis isn’t a perfect explanation.
2. Next up is leptospirosis!
3. The cattle are threatened by numerous diseases: Leptospirosis, anaemia and derrengadera a trypanosomiasis which attacks equine populations.
4. The cattle are threatened by numerous diseases: Leptospirosis, anaemia and derrengadera a trypanosomiasis which attacks equine populations.
5. - Leptospirosis or Lepto is a bacterial disease spread through the urine of infected animals.
mononucleosis
/mˌɑːnoʊnˌuːklɪˈoʊsɪs/
nounan acute disease characterized by fever and swollen lymph nodes and an abnormal increase of mononuclear leucocytes or monocytes in the bloodstream; not highly contagious; some believe it can be transmitted by kissing
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1. When I was 21, two of my college roommates and I all got mononucleosis at the same time.
2. When I was 13-years-old, I was incorrectly prescribed amoxicillin for what was to be a virus called mononucleosis.
3. Now in certain cases, I believe 60% of the cases, you will develop something known as a morbilliform rash, which is a full body rash, pink papules, macules, that is essentially a drug eruption, from taking amoxicillin with mononucleosis.
4. - Mononucleosis, what is that?
5. When you were in high school or college, you were probably warned about mononucleosis, or mono as it is often called.
scarlet fever
/skˈɑːɹlət fˈiːvɚ/
nounan acute communicable disease (usually in children) characterized by fever and a red rash
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1. No one is sure what happened to Mileva and Albert's daughter, with many thinking she was either adopted or died of Scarlet Fever.
2. Modern researchers believe she may have had Scarlet Fever or, possibly, meningitis.
scrofula
/skɹˈɑːfjʊlə/
nouna form of tuberculosis characterized by swellings of the lymphatic glands
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1. It might also spread to the meninges of the brain, causing meningitis, the lumbar vertebrae, causing Pott disease, the adrenal glands causing addison’s disease, the liver causing hepatitis, and the cervical lymph nodes causing lymphadenitis in the neck, also known as scrofula.
typhus
/ˈtaɪfəs/
nouna potentially fatal disease characterized by high temperature and appearance of purple marks on the body
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1. You see, even modern fleas can transfer diseases like typhus, bartonellosis, and, yes, plague.
2. Kato died of typhus in December, 1907 at the age of 22.
3. And then later actually died of Typhus.
4. Not long afterwards, the Loudun region was struck by a typhus plague.
5. The hero of the defence of Cartagena, de Lezo, would die himself of typhus a few months later.
weil's disease
/wˈaɪlz dɪzˈiːz/
nouna severe form of leptospirosis in human beings
Examples
yaws
/jˈɔːz/
nounan infectious tropical disease resembling syphilis in its early stages; marked by red skin eruptions and ulcerating lesions
Examples
anthrax
/ˈænθɹæks/
nouna serious bacterial disease of warm-blooded animals, particularly cattle and sheep, that can be transmitted to people by contaminated wool, raw meat, or other animal products
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1. Well, under King's command, the facility mistakenly shipped live anthrax to other labs.
2. Anthrax has caused outbreaks in some areas of Siberia.
3. Is Anthrax bad?
4. The anthrax attacks eventually stopped.
5. Crack was anthrax back then, back when.
toxoplasmosis
/tˌɑːksəplɐzmˈoʊsɪs/
nouna parasitic disease that mainly affects unborn children and is mostly transmitted through undercooked meat, soil, or cat feces
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Examples
1. Some estimates even say over a third of all humans have toxoplasmosis without knowing it.
2. Toxoplasmosis creates in people a biological predisposition towards the promotion of cats, which gives the phrase viral media a whole new meaning.
3. And though it was made by people, some with toxoplasmosis, no doubt, it is not similarly intertwined with felines.
4. [Rhett] Toxoplasmosis, or whatever it is. -
5. - Is this toxoplasmosis?
dengue fever
/dˈɛnɡi fˈiːvɚ/
nounan infectious disease of the tropics transmitted by mosquitoes and characterized by rash and aching head and joints
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Examples
1. While in the US, we don't have to worry about Malaria anymore, mosquitoes can still spread West Nile, Dengue Fever, Chikagunya, and most recently, Zika.
2. All right, so the species we're talkin' about is the Aedes aegypti, they're the ones that carry Zika, Chikagunya, and Dengue Fever.
3. So with Zika virus, just like other mosquito-borne viruses like dengue fever, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile virus, the mosquito acts as a vector that transmits the virus from one person to the next.
rocky mountain spotted fever
/ɹˈɑːki mˈaʊntɪn spˈɑːɾᵻd fˈiːvɚ/
nouncaused by rickettsial bacteria and transmitted by wood ticks
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Examples
1. NARRATOR: Including Lyme Disease, and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.
west nile virus
/wˈɛst nˈaɪl vˈaɪɹəs/
nounthe flavivirus that causes West Nile encephalitis
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Examples
1. While the birds go about their daily lives in coops all over Disney World, their blood is constantly monitored for mosquito-borne diseases like West Nile Virus.
2. Actress Mira Furlan died from complications of the West Nile Virus on Wednesday, January 20, 2021.
3. How to Protect Yourself from West Nile Virus.