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to maintain
/meɪnˈteɪn/
verb
to firmly express an opinion or statement as true and valid, although others may disagree
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to hold
/ˈhoʊɫd/
verb
to have a specific opinion or belief about someone or something
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to defend
/dɪˈfɛnd/
verb
to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.
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to advocate
/ˈædvəˌkeɪt/, /ˈædvəkət/
verb
to publicly support or recommend something
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to calculate
/ˈkæɫkjəˌɫeɪt/
verb
to form an opinion by considering the information at hand
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to dispute
/dɪˈspjut/
verb
to argue with someone, particularly over the ownership of something, facts, etc.
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to generalize
/ˈdʒɛnɝəˌɫaɪz/
verb
to draw a general conclusion based on specific cases that can be irrelevant to other situations
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to go against
/ɡˌoʊ ɐɡˈɛnst/
verb
to disagree with or not fit well with a specific idea, concept, or standard
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to invoke
/ˌɪnˈvoʊk/
verb
to mention someone or something of prominence as a support or reason for an argument or action
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to stand
/ˈstænd/
verb
to have a certain opinion regarding an issue
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to speculate
/ˈspɛkjəˌɫeɪt/
verb
to form a theory or opinion about a subject without knowing all the facts
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to differ
/ˈdɪfɝ/
verb
to disagree with someone; to have a different opinion
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to contradict
/ˌkɑntɹəˈdɪkt/
verb
to disagree with someone, particularly by asserting the opposite of their statement
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to bet
/ˈbet/
verb
used to express that one is sure about something or thinks that something is very likely
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assessment
/əˈsɛsmənt/
noun
the act of judging or evaluating someone or something carefully based on specific criteria
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assertion
/əˈsɝʃən/
noun
the act of claiming something or declaring something to be true
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bias
/ˈbaɪəs/
noun
an unfair behavior that favors or discriminates against someone or something
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controversial
/ˌkɑntɹəˈvɝʃəɫ/
adjective
causing a lot of strong public disagreement or discussion
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counterargument
/kˈaʊntɚɹˌɑːɹɡjuːmənt/
noun
a set of arguments put forward to oppose an idea or theory
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furthermore
/ˈfɝðɝˌmɔɹ/
adverb
used to introduce additional information
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to oppose
/əˈpoʊz/
verb
to strongly disagree with a policy, plan, idea, etc. and try to put an end to it
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to object
/ˈɑbdʒɛkt/, /əbˈdʒɛkt/
verb
to give a fact or an opinion as a reason against something
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inclined
/ˌɪnˈkɫaɪnd/
adjective
having a tendency to do something; possessing an innate ability for something
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moderate
/ˈmɑdɝˌeɪt/, /ˈmɑdɝət/
adjective
(of a person or ideology) not extreme or radical and considered reasonable by a majority of people
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mainstream
/ˈmeɪnˌstɹim/
noun
the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people
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division
/dɪˈvɪʒən/
noun
disagreement among members of a group or society
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inference
/ˈɪnfɝəns/
noun
a conclusion one reaches from the existing evidence or known facts
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objective
/əbˈdʒɛktɪv/
adjective
based only on facts and not influenced by personal feelings or judgments
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subjective
/səbˈdʒɛktɪv/
adjective
based on or influenced by personal feelings or opinions rather than facts
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arguable
/ˈɑɹɡjuəbəɫ/
adjective
not believed to be true and open to question and disagreement
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affirmative
/əˈfɝmətɪv/
adjective
favorable or supportive in attitude or response
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argumentative
/ˌɑɹɡjəˈmɛntətɪv/
adjective
(of a person) ready to argue and often arguing
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challenging
/ˈtʃæɫəndʒɪŋ/
adjective
causing disagreement or competition
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hostile
/ˈhɑstəɫ/, /hɑˈstaɪɫ/
adjective
opposing something strongly
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consistency
/kənˈsɪstənsi/
noun
the quality of always acting or being the same way, or having the same opinions or standards
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criticism
/ˈkɹɪtɪˌsɪzəm/
noun
remarks that express disapproval of someone or something based on their errors or flaws
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