An allergy is a reaction by the immune system to something that is normally harmless to most people. These substances, called allergens, can trigger symptoms such as sneezing, itching, watery eyes, runny nose, and skin rash. Common allergens include pollen, dust particles, pet dander, certain foods, and insect stings. Allergic reactions can range from mild to intense, and in some cases, they can be life-threatening. Treatment for allergies may include avoiding triggers, taking medications such as antihistamines or nasal sprays, and in serious cases, receiving allergy shots. It is important to identify and manage allergies to improve the quality of life and prevent serious complications.

What is an "allergy"?

allergy

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Nausea is the feeling of discomfort in the stomach that often comes before vomiting. It can be caused by various factors, such as motion sickness, eating something that disagrees with one's stomach, or as a side effect of medications or medical treatments like chemotherapy. Nausea may also be a symptom of an underlying condition like a stomach virus or food poisoning. Treatment for nausea depends on the cause and may include medication, changes in diet, or other treatments to help ease the feeling of sickness.

What is "nausea"?

nausea

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A wound refers to an injury to the body, typically involving a break in the skin or underlying tissues. Wounds can result from various causes such as cuts, scrapes, or punctures. They often lead to pain, bleeding, and sometimes infection if not properly treated. The seriousness of a wound can vary widely, from minor scratches that heal quickly to deep cuts requiring medical attention and possibly stitches or other actions for proper healing.

What is a "wound"?

wound

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A bruise is a mark on the skin caused by injury, where blood vessels underneath the skin break and leak blood into the surrounding tissue. Typically, bruises appear as discolored patches ranging from blue and purple to yellow or green as they heal. They are often tender to the touch but usually fade away over time as the body reabsorbs the leaked blood and repairs the damaged tissue.

What is a "bruise"?

bruise

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scar

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A migraine is a type of headache that can cause intense throbbing or pulsing pain, often on one side of the head. It may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Migraines can be exhausting and can last for hours to days, interfering with daily activities and quality of life. Some people also experience aura, which includes visual changes like flashing lights or blind spots, before the headache begins. Treatment for migraines may include pain-relieving medications, preventive medications, lifestyle changes, and relaxation techniques.

What is a "migraine"?

migraine

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Obesity is a medical condition characterized by an excessive buildup of body fat, which can negatively impact health. It is commonly measured using the body mass index (BMI), where a BMI of 30 or higher is classified as obese. Causes of obesity include a combination of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors, such as poor diet, lack of physical activity, and certain medical conditions. Obesity increases the risk of various health problems, including heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and certain cancers. Managing obesity typically involves lifestyle changes like adopting a healthier diet, increasing physical activity, and sometimes medical treatments or surgery.

What is "obesity"?

obesity

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dependent

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to overdose

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unconscious

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to vomit

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dizzy

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to faint

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to swell

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to shiver

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to relapse

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to collapse

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A coma is a state of deep unconsciousness where a person cannot be woken up, open their eyes, or respond to their environment. It can be caused by various factors, such as severe head injury, stroke, drug overdose, or metabolic disorders. While in a coma, the brain's activity is significantly reduced, and the person is unable to perform voluntary actions. Comas can range in duration from a few days to several weeks or even longer. Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause and providing supportive care to protect the person's health and promote recovery if possible.

What is a "coma"?

coma

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outbreak

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to infect

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feverish

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Dehydration is a condition that occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in, leading to a lack of balance in the body's water levels. This can happen due to factors like intense sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, or not drinking enough fluids. Symptoms of dehydration may include thirst, dry mouth, dark-colored urine, fatigue, and dizziness. Serious dehydration can be dangerous and may require medical attention, including receiving fluids through a vein to restore hydration levels. Preventing dehydration involves drinking plenty of fluids, especially during hot weather or when engaging in physical activity.

What is "dehydration"?

dehydration

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complication

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to develop

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severe

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acute

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A scratch is a small, shallow cut or scrape on the skin, often caused by something sharp like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface. Scratches usually result in minor bleeding and can cause a stinging sensation. They are generally not serious and heal quickly with basic care, such as cleaning the area with soap and water, and possibly applying a disinfectant and a bandage to keep it clean and protected while it heals.

What is a "scratch"?

scratch

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to sprain

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burn

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agony

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An epidemic is an outbreak of a disease that spreads quickly and affects a large number of people within a community, region, or population at the same time, in contrast to a pandemic, which is a global outbreak of a disease. An epidemic often involves illnesses that were previously controlled or uncommon in the area. The spread can happen through person-to-person contact, contaminated food or water, or other methods. Public health measures, such as vaccination, quarantine, and hygiene practices, are typically used to control and prevent further spread of the disease.

What is an "epidemic"?

epidemic

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A pandemic is a global outbreak of a disease that affects a large number of people across multiple countries or continents. Unlike an epidemic, which is limited to a specific area, a pandemic has a much broader geographic impact and can lead to widespread illness and disruption. Examples include the COVID-19 pandemic and the 1918 influenza pandemic. Controlling a pandemic typically involves working together across countries, widespread public health measures, vaccination campaigns, and efforts to reduce the spread of the disease through quarantine and hygiene practices.

What is a "pandemic"?

pandemic

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Here you will learn some English words about physical conditions and injuries, such as "wound", "obesity", "dizzy", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

Physical Conditions and Injuries

Words related to "Physical Conditions and Injuries" | Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL