English vocabulary Mathematics and Measurement

watt

/ˈwɑt/

noun

the standard unit for measuring electrical power corresponding to the rate of energy consumption in an electric circuit, equal to one joule per second

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volt

/ˈvoʊɫt/

noun

the standard unit of electromotive force, which measures the strength of an electrical current that is sent around an electrical system

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rpm

/ˈɑɹˈpiˈɛm/

noun

a unit for measuring the speed of an engine, a computer hard drive, etc.

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karat

/ˈkɛɹət/

noun

a unit to measure the purity of gold, the purest gold being 24 karats

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/ˈsi/

noun

a metric unit of measurement used to determine the temperature of a place or thing based on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0° under standard conditions

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fluid ounce

/flˈuːɪd ˈaʊns/

noun

a unit to measure liquids which is equal to 0.028 liters in the measurement used in the UK and some other countries, and 0.03 liters in that of the US

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hertz

/ˈhɛɹts/, /ˈhɝts/

noun

a unit that is used in measurement of the frequency of sound and radio waves

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horsepower

/ˈhɔɹˌspaʊɝ/

noun

a unit for measuring an engine's power

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pint

/ˈpaɪnt/

noun

a unit to measure liquids and some dry goods, there are 8 pints in a gallon, and it is equal to 0.568 of a liter in the United Kingdom and some other countries, and 0.473 of a liter in the United States

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cube

/ˈkjub/

noun

the number that is the result of a number multiplied by itself three times

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square

/ˈskwɛɹ/

noun

the second exponent of any given number produced when multiplied by itself

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square root

/skwˈɛɹ ɹˈuːt/

noun

a number that produces a particular number when multiplied by itself

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variable

/ˈvɛɹiəbəɫ/

noun

(mathematics) a quantity that is capable of assuming different values in a calculation

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tape measure

/tˈeɪp mˈɛʒɚ/

noun

a long, thin piece of plastic, cloth, or flexible metal marked at graded intervals, used for measuring the length or height of something

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array

/ɝˈeɪ/

noun

a group of numbers, mathematical symbols or values, arranged in columns and rows

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axis

/ˈæksəs/

noun

a real or imaginary line about which an object rotates

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calculus

/ˈkæɫkjəɫəs/

noun

the branch of mathematics that comprises differentials and integrals

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denominator

/dɪˈnɑməˌneɪtɝ/

noun

the number below the line in a fraction that shows how many parts the numerator divides into

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numerator

/ˈnuməˌɹeɪtɝ/

noun

Fractional number above the line

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common denominator

/kˈɑːmən dɪnˈɑːmᵻnˌeɪɾɚ/

noun

(mathematics) a number divisible by all the numbers that are below the line in a set of fractions

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chaos theory

/kˈeɪɑːs θˈiəɹi/

noun

(mathematics) an interdisciplinary theory about complex systems that obey particular laws but appear to have little or no order

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game theory

/ɡˈeɪm θˈiəɹi/

noun

a branch of mathematics that studies the strategies of dealing with competitive situations involving conflict of interests, especially in business, war, etc.

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coordinate

/koʊˈɔɹdəˌneɪt/, /koʊˈɔɹdənət/

noun

any set of numbers that represent an exact position on a map or graph

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gradient

/ˈɡɹeɪdiənt/

noun

the rate at which a quantity or dimension changes over a given distance or interval

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prime number

/pɹˈaɪm nˈʌmbɚ/

noun

a number greater than 1 with only two devisors which can be itself or 1

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cardinal number

/kˈɑːɹdɪnəl nˈʌmbɚ/

noun

a number indicating the quantity and not order

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irrational number

/ɪɹˈæʃənəl nˈʌmbɚ/

noun

a number incapable of being expressed as a ratio of two integers

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rational number

/ɹˈæʃənəl nˈʌmbɚ/

noun

a number that can be expressed as the fraction of two integers

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mean

/ˈmin/

noun

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

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perimeter

/pɝˈɪmətɝ/

noun

the total length of the external boundary of something

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tangent

/ˈtændʒənt/

noun

(mathematics) the ratio of the opposite to the adjacent side of a triangle that has one angle of 90°

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sine

/ˈsaɪn/

noun

(mathematics) the ratio of the length of the side opposite the given angle to the length of the hypotenuse

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cosine

/kˈoʊsaɪn/

noun

(mathematics) the ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse

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cotangent

/kˈoʊtændʒənt/

noun

the ratio of the side adjacent to a particular acute angle to the side opposite the angle, in a right-angled triangle

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foot per second

/fˈʊt pɜː sˈɛkənd/

noun

a unit of measurement used to determine the speed or velocity of something

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ampere

/ˈæmˌpɝ/

noun

the unit of electric current, symbolized as "A" in the International System of Units (SI)

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kilometers per hour

/kɪlˈɑːmɪɾɚz pɜːɹ ˈaɪʊɹ/

noun

a unit of measurement used to express speed or velocity in the metric system, representing the distance traveled in kilometers over the course of one hour

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centiliter

/sˈɛntɪlˌɪɾɚ/

noun

a metric unit equal to 1/100th of a liter

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pound

/ˈpaʊnd/

noun

a unit for measuring weight equal to 16 ounces or 0.454 kilograms

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