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Лексика Северной и Центральной Америки - Канада

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North and Central America Vocabulary
multicultural
multicultural
[прилагательное]

relating to or involving several different cultures

многокультурный

многокультурный

Ex: The city is known for its vibrant and multicultural population. 
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quality of life
quality of life
[фраза]

a person's level of happiness, health, comfort, etc.

качество жизни

качество жизни

Ex: She believes access to healthcare is crucial for improving quality of life. 
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prairie
prairie
[существительное]

a flat, wide area of land with no or very few trees in North America

прерия

прерия

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icy
icy
[прилагательное]

made up of or covered with ice

ледяной, замерзший

ледяной, замерзший

Ex: The icy landscape was breathtaking, with every surface glistening in the sunlight. 
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tundra
tundra
[существительное]

the expansive flat Arctic regions, of North America, Asia, and Europe, in which no trees grow and the soil is always frozen

тундра

тундра

Ex: The Arctic tundra is characterized by its cold, treeless landscape and permafrost, making it a harsh environment for plant and animal life. 
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to border
to border
[глагол]

to be the neighboring country or region next to another, sharing a line

граничить

граничить

Ex: The region borders a desert, influencing its climate and agriculture. 
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depending on
depending on
[прилагательное]

being determined by conditions or circumstances that follow

зависящий от, в зависимости от

зависящий от, в зависимости от

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mild
mild
[прилагательное]

(of weather) pleasantly warm and less cold than expected

мягкий

мягкий

Ex: After weeks of cold, the mild day felt like a gift. 
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as different as night and day

completely different from each other in appearance, character, behavior, or quality

Ex: The two sisters are as different as night and day. 
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indigenous
indigenous
[прилагательное]

relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land

коренной,  туземный

коренной, туземный

Ex: The government implemented policies to protect the rights and traditions of indigenous peoples living in remote areas. 
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to adapt
to adapt
[глагол]

to adjust oneself to fit into a new environment or situation

приспосабливаться

приспосабливаться

Ex: After moving abroad, he had to quickly adapt to the local culture. 
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environment
environment
[существительное]

the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates

окружающая среда, среда обитания

окружающая среда, среда обитания

Ex: The harsh desert environment made it difficult for most plants to survive. 
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explorer
explorer
[существительное]

a person who visits unknown places to find out more about them

исследователь

исследователь

Ex: Early explorers played a key role in discovering new continents. 
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to [take] control
to take control
[фраза]

to gain the power to make decisions in a situation

взять под контроль

взять под контроль

Ex: He had to take control of the situation. 
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colony
colony
[существительное]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

колония

колония

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unified
unified
[прилагательное]

brought together or combined into a single, cohesive entity

объединенный, единый

объединенный, единый

Ex: The team presented a unified front during the negotiations. 
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nation
nation
[существительное]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

народ, нация

народ, нация

Ex: France is a nation known for its art, cuisine, and strong sense of national identity. 
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achievement
achievement
[существительное]

something that has been successfully done, particularly through hard work

достижение

достижение

Ex: After years of dedicated practice, winning the gold medal was a phenomenal achievement for the gymnast. 
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cultural mosaic
cultural mosaic
[существительное]

a society in which different cultural groups maintain their distinct identities while living together

культурная мозаика, культурная мозаика

культурная мозаика, культурная мозаика

Ex: Canada is often described as a cultural mosaic. 
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melting pot
melting pot
[существительное]

an environment in which many ideas and races are socially assimilated

плавильный котел

плавильный котел

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proud
proud
[прилагательное]

feeling satisfied with someone or one's possessions, achievements, etc.

гордый

гордый

Ex: She felt proud of her daughter's academic achievements. 
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film industry
film industry
[существительное]

the entertainment industries involved in producing and distributing movies

киноиндустрия

киноиндустрия

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winter sport
winter sport
[существительное]

any sport or recreational activity that is typically played or practiced during the winter months and often involves snow or ice like snowboarding

зимний вид спорта, зимний спорт

зимний вид спорта, зимний спорт

Ex: Figure skating is a graceful and artistic winter sport performed on ice. 
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to grow up
to grow up
[глагол]

to change from being a child into an adult little by little

вырастать

вырастать

Ex: Many children dream of what they want to be when they grow up. 
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peak
peak
[существительное]

the pointed top of a mountain

вершина

вершина

Ex: The climbers reached the peak of Mount Everest after weeks of strenuous effort. 
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valley
valley
[существительное]

a low area of land between mountains or hills, often with a river flowing through it

долина

долина

Ex: The sun set behind the hills, casting long shadows over the valley. 
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waterfall
waterfall
[существительное]

a high place, such as a cliff, from which a river or stream falls

водопад

водопад

Ex: They hiked for hours to reach the breathtaking waterfall hidden in the forest. 
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national park
national park
[существительное]

an area under the protection of a government, where people can visit, for its wildlife, beauty, or historical sights

национальный парк

национальный парк

Ex: The family spent their vacation hiking in a national park. 
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outdoors
outdoors
[существительное]

the world of nature outside human-built environments, often associated with wilderness, recreation, and open landscapes

открытых площадок

открытых площадок

Ex: She spends every weekend hiking and camping in the outdoors. 
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wildlife
wildlife
[существительное]

all wild animals, considered as a whole, living in the natural environment

живая природа

живая природа

Ex: The national park is home to a variety of wildlife, including bears and wolves. 
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varied
varied
[прилагательное]

including or consisting of many different types

разнообразный

разнообразный

Ex: The menu offered a varied selection of dishes from around the world. 
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landscape
landscape
[существительное]

an area of scenery visible in a single view

пейзаж

пейзаж

Ex: The hikers admired the mountain landscape at sunrise. 
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polar bear
polar bear
[существительное]

a large white bear which lives in the North Pole and is well-adapted to its icy environment

белый медведь, полярный медведь

белый медведь, полярный медведь

Ex: The polar bear's white fur helps it blend into its icy surroundings, making it a stealthy predator. 
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Arctic fox
Arctic fox
[существительное]

thickly-furred fox of Arctic regions; brownish in summer and white in winter

Песец

Песец

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moose
moose
[существительное]

a large deer with palmate antlers, a long, drooping snout, and a hump on its shoulders, found chiefly in northern forests of North America, Europe, and Asia

Европейский лось

Европейский лось

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deer
deer
[существительное]

a large, wild animal with long legs which eats grass and can run very fast, typically the males have horns

олень

олень

Ex: Driving through the national park, we were lucky enough to witness a herd of majestic deer. 
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birdwatcher
birdwatcher
[существительное]

*** a person who watches birds in their natural environment and identifies different species as a hobby

бердвотчер, наблюдатель за птицами

бердвотчер, наблюдатель за птицами

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natural resource
natural resource
[существительное]

resources (actual and potential) supplied by nature

природный ресурс, природный ресурс

природный ресурс, природный ресурс

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generation
generation
[существительное]

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

поколение

поколение

Ex: The older generation often reminisces about life before smartphones became ubiquitous. 
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democratic
democratic
[прилагательное]

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

демократичный

демократичный

Ex: The democratic process allows citizens to participate in decision-making through voting. 
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government
government
[существительное]

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

правительство

правительство

Ex: The government implemented new policies to improve the country's healthcare system and make it more accessible to all citizens. 
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parliamentary
parliamentary
[прилагательное]

relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government

парламентский

парламентский

Ex: The parliamentary system allows for the formation of a government based on the majority support in the legislature. 
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head of state
head of state
[существительное]

the chief public representative of a country, who may or may not have executive powers, such as a president or monarch

глава государства

глава государства

Ex: The head of state attended the international summit. 
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prime minister
prime minister
[существительное]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

премьер министр, глава кабинета министров

премьер министр, глава кабинета министров

Ex: The Prime Minister addressed the nation to announce new economic measures aimed at boosting employment. 
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federal
federal
[прилагательное]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

федеральный

федеральный

Ex: Federal laws apply uniformly across the entire country. 
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provincial
provincial
[прилагательное]

associated with a region within a country that has its own local government

губернский

губернский

Ex: The provincial government oversees education and healthcare policies within its borders. 
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local
local
[прилагательное]

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

местный, муниципальный

местный, муниципальный

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healthcare
healthcare
[существительное]

the health services and treatments given to people

здравоохранение, медицинское обслуживание

здравоохранение, медицинское обслуживание

Ex: Access to affordable healthcare is a major concern for many families in the country. 
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transportation
transportation
[существительное]

a system or method for carrying people or goods from one place to another by cars, trains, etc.

перевозка, транспортировка

перевозка, транспортировка

Ex: Public transportation is cheaper than driving. 
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peaceful
peaceful
[прилагательное]

free from conflict, violence, or disorder

мирный

мирный

Ex: The small village lived in peaceful isolation, untouched by the wars raging in surrounding lands. 
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fair
fair
[наречие]

treating all sides equally without favoritism or discrimination

справедливо

справедливо

Ex: The teacher graded all the exams fair, without giving anyone special treatment. 
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to rank
to rank
[глагол]

to position someone or something on a scale based on importance, quality, etc.

ранжировать, оцениваться

ранжировать, оцениваться

Ex: The competition judges will rank the dancers based on their technique and performance. 
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quality of life
quality of life
[фраза]

a person's level of happiness, health, comfort, etc.

качество жизни

качество жизни

Ex: She believes access to healthcare is crucial for improving quality of life. 
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social service
social service
[существительное]

services or activities that are intended to help people with financial or family problems, provided by the government

социальная служба

социальная служба

Ex: Social service organizations provide essential support to vulnerable populations, such as the homeless, elderly, and individuals with disabilities. 
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equality
equality
[существительное]

the state of having the same opportunities, rights, status, etc. as others

равенство

равенство

Ex: Equality in education is essential for all students to succeed. 
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to [make] sure
to make sure
[фраза]

to take steps to confirm if something is correct, safe, or properly arranged

убеждаться

убеждаться

Ex: Before leaving the house, make sure you turn off all the lights and lock the doors. 
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coastline
coastline
[существительное]

the boundary between land and water, particularly as seen on a map or from above

береговая линия

береговая линия

Ex: The rugged coastline stretched for miles. 
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to stretch
to stretch
[глагол]

to cover a significant distance or expanse

простираться, тянуться

простираться, тянуться

Ex: The wheat fields stretch for miles across the countryside. 
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to surround
to surround
[глагол]

to be around something on all sides

окружать, обступать

окружать, обступать

Ex: The city is surrounded by beautiful countryside. 
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