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Slovní zásoba Severní a Střední Ameriky - Guatemala

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North and Central America Vocabulary
island
island
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of land surrounded by water

ostrov, ostrůvek

ostrov, ostrůvek

Ex: I collected seashells as souvenirs from the beautiful island. 
interesting
interesting
[Přídavné jméno]

catching and keeping our attention because of being unusual, exciting, etc.

zajímavý, poutavý

zajímavý, poutavý

Ex: I read an interesting article about space exploration in the newspaper. 
ruin
ruin
[Podstatné jméno]

(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

trosky, zříceniny

trosky, zříceniny

Ex: They explored the ruins of an old castle during their trip. 
volcano
volcano
[Podstatné jméno]

a mountain with an opening on its top, from which melted rock and ash can be pushed out into the air

sopka, sopečná hora

sopka, sopečná hora

Ex: The volcano erupted, sending ash into the sky. 
civilization
civilization
[Podstatné jméno]

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

civilizace, společnost

civilizace, společnost

Ex: Ancient Egypt is considered one of the greatest civilizations in history. 
temple
temple
[Podstatné jméno]

a building used for worshiping one or several gods, used by some religious communities, especially Buddhists and Hindus

chrám, svatyně

chrám, svatyně

Ex: They visited the ancient temple to offer prayers and seek blessings. 
pyramid
pyramid
[Podstatné jméno]

a solid with a polygonal base and triangular faces that meet at a single point

pyramida, pyramida

pyramida, pyramida

Ex: Students modeled a pyramid using cardboard. 
colony
colony
[Podstatné jméno]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

kolonie, území pod kontrolou

kolonie, území pod kontrolou

mine
mine
[Podstatné jméno]

a deep hole or large tunnel in the ground where workers dig for salt, gold, coal, etc.

důl, šachta

důl, šachta

Ex: The diamond mine in Africa was known for its rare gemstones. 
independence
independence
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of being free from the control of others

nezávislost, autonomie

nezávislost, autonomie

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
dictator
dictator
[Podstatné jméno]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

diktátor, tyran

diktátor, tyran

Ex: The dictator imposed strict censorship laws to suppress any opposition to his regime. 
democratic
democratic
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

demokratický, související s demokracií

demokratický, související s demokracií

Ex: The democratic process allows citizens to participate in decision-making through voting. 
to vote
to vote
[sloveso]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

hlasovat, oddat hlas

hlasovat, oddat hlas

Ex: Citizens regularly vote in elections to choose their representatives. 
descendant
descendant
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who shares the same blood with a specific person who lived many years ago

potomek, dědic

potomek, dědic

Ex: The historian traced her family's lineage back to a prominent historical figure, claiming to be a direct descendant. 
by hand
by hand
[Příslovce]

with the hands or physical effort rather than relying on machines or tools

ručně, manuálně

ručně, manuálně

Ex: He painted the fence by hand, carefully applying each stroke with a brush. 
pattern
pattern
[Podstatné jméno]

a typically repeating arrangement of shapes, colors, etc., regularly done as a design on a surface

vzor

vzor

Ex: The wallpaper had a beautiful floral pattern that added elegance to the room. 
lively
lively
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a place or atmosphere) full of excitement and energy

živý, energický

živý, energický

Ex: She loved the lively atmosphere at the outdoor market. 
active
active
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a volcano) currently showing signs of volcanic activity or having the potential to become active soon

aktivní, činný

aktivní, činný

Ex: Mount Etna is one of the most active volcanoes in Europe, frequently spewing lava and ash. 
hiking
hiking
[Podstatné jméno]

the activity of taking long walks in the countryside or mountains, often for fun

turistika, pěší túra

turistika, pěší túra

Ex: Hiking is a great way to explore nature and enjoy the fresh air. 
scenery
scenery
[Podstatné jméno]

the overall appearance of a place, including its natural features and buildings

krajina, scéna

krajina, scéna

Ex: The mountain scenery was beautiful. 
tropical
tropical
[Přídavné jméno]

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

tropický, rovníkový

tropický, rovníkový

Ex: Tropical rainforests are biodiverse ecosystems found near the equator. 
rainforest
rainforest
[Podstatné jméno]

‌a thick, tropical forest with tall trees and consistently heavy rainfall

deštný prales, džungle

deštný prales, džungle

Ex: He spent his vacation hiking through the beautiful rainforest. 
jaguar
jaguar
[Podstatné jméno]

a large wild animal belonging to the cat family with a yellow fur covered with black spots, native to Central and South America

jaguár, panter onca

jaguár, panter onca

Ex: With sleek muscles rippling beneath its spotted coat, the jaguar stalked its prey through the dense jungle. 
quetzal
quetzal
[Podstatné jméno]

a colorful bird species known for its vibrant plumage, long tail feathers, and cultural significance in Mesoamerican civilizations

kvesal, pták kvesal

kvesal, pták kvesal

dish
dish
[Podstatné jméno]

food that is made in a special way as part of a meal

pokrm, jídlo

pokrm, jídlo

dough
dough
[Podstatné jméno]

a thick mixture of flour, liquid and sometimes yeast that is baked into bread or pastry

těsto, chlebové těsto

těsto, chlebové těsto

Ex: Pizza dough needs to be stretched and shaped before adding the toppings. 
to steam
to steam
[sloveso]

to cook using the steam of boiling water

vařit v páře, pařit

vařit v páře, pařit

Ex: She loves to steam vegetables for a healthy side dish. 
stew
stew
[Podstatné jméno]

a dish of vegetables or meat cooked at a low temperature in liquid in a closed container

dušené maso, guláš

dušené maso, guláš

Ex: She simmered a hearty beef stew on the stove, filling the kitchen with mouthwatering aromas. 
common
common
[Přídavné jméno]

frequently found, happening, or seen

běžný, častý

běžný, častý

Ex: It’s common for people to exchange holiday gifts with friends and family. 
plantain
plantain
[Podstatné jméno]

a cooking banana that is starchy and grows in tropical regions

plantain, zeleninový banán

plantain, zeleninový banán

Ex: I like to fry plantains until they turn golden brown and enjoy them as a tasty side dish. 
crop
crop
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant that is grown for food over large areas of land

plodina, sklizeň

plodina, sklizeň

Ex: The farmers planted a new crop of wheat this season. 
highland
highland
[Podstatné jméno]

land with mountains or hills

vysočina, horská oblast

vysočina, horská oblast

Ex: The Scottish Highlands boast breathtaking landscapes of rugged mountains, pristine lochs, and rolling hills. 
poverty
poverty
[Podstatné jméno]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

chudoba

chudoba

Ex: Many families in the area live in poverty and struggle to access basic services. 
access
access
[Podstatné jméno]

the right or opportunity to use something or benefit from it

přístup, právo přístupu

přístup, právo přístupu

Ex: Employees are granted access to the secure database only after completing cybersecurity training. 
healthcare
healthcare
[Podstatné jméno]

the health services and treatments given to people

zdravotní péče, zdravotní služby

zdravotní péče, zdravotní služby

Ex: Access to affordable healthcare is a major concern for many families in the country. 
education
education
[Podstatné jméno]

the process that involves teaching and learning, particularly at a school, university, or college

vzdělání,  výuka

vzdělání, výuka

Ex: She pursued higher education by attending a prestigious university. 
to cut down
to cut down
[sloveso]

to cut through something at its base in order to make it fall

pokácet, sekat

pokácet, sekat

Ex: The lumberjacks had to cut down the old oak tree to clear space for the new construction project. 
deforestation
deforestation
[Podstatné jméno]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

odlesňování, kácení lesů

odlesňování, kácení lesů

Ex: Large-scale deforestation is driven by the demand for agricultural land. 
to suffer
to suffer
[sloveso]

to experience and be affected by something bad or unpleasant

trpět, snášet

trpět, snášet

Ex: They suffered the consequences of their actions. 
treat
treat
[Podstatné jméno]

something considered choice to eat

pamlsek, pochoutka

pamlsek, pochoutka

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