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Applied Science and Research - Programming

Study terms related to programming languages, code structure, algorithms, data processing, software development, and debugging.

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Words Related to Applied Science and Research
front end
front end
[Podstatné jméno]

a part of a computer that is easily accessible and one uses constantly

uživatelské rozhraní, front-end

uživatelské rozhraní, front-end

Ex: The front end of a computer typically refers to the user interface, including the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and other input devices. 
binary
binary
[Přídavné jméno]

based on or using a numerical system that operates only on 0 and 1

binární, binárního systému

binární, binárního systému

Ex: The binary system is fundamental to digital technology and computing. 
bit
bit
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) the smallest unit of data, representing a binary state of 0 or 1

byte
byte
[Podstatné jméno]

a unit for measuring the size of computer data that equals 8 bits

bajt, oktet

bajt, oktet

Ex: The text file is 1 megabyte in size, which is equivalent to 8 million bytes. 
to code
to code
[sloveso]

to write a computer program using specific instructions

kódovat, programovat

kódovat, programovat

Ex: She coded a new software application to automate tasks at work. 
command
command
[Podstatné jméno]

an instruction that tells a computer to perform a specific task or function

příkaz, instrukce

příkaz, instrukce

Ex: She entered the command to save the document before closing the application. 
programmer
programmer
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who writes computer programs

programátor, vývojář

programátor, vývojář

Ex: She's a skilled programmer who develops mobile applications for smartphones. 
software engineer
software engineer
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who designs and creates computer programs using special tools and languages

softwarový inženýr, vývojář softwaru

softwarový inženýr, vývojář softwaru

back end
back end
[Podstatné jméno]

a part of a computer responsible for storing and controlling data where users cannot easily access

back end, serverová část

back end, serverová část

Ex: The back end of a website comprises the server, database, and application logic that work together to process and store data submitted by users. 
dataset
dataset
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) a collection of data treated as a single unit

Ex: The dataset contained over 10,000 images for training the model. 
deep learning
deep learning
[Podstatné jméno]

an AI method using neural networks to learn patterns from massive data

Ex: Deep learning powers the voice recognition in most modern assistants. 
machine learning
machine learning
[Podstatné jméno]

a branch of artificial intelligence where computers learn how to perform specific operations without previous instructions

strojové učení, machine learning

strojové učení, machine learning

to encode
to encode
[sloveso]

to transform data into a coded form

kódovat, šifrovat

kódovat, šifrovat

Ex: Computer programmers encode sensitive information to protect it from unauthorized access. 
to encrypt
to encrypt
[sloveso]

to convert data or information into a coded form, mainly to prevent unauthorized access

šifrovat, kódovat

šifrovat, kódovat

Ex: The company encrypts sensitive customer data to protect it from hackers. 
to generate
to generate
[sloveso]

to create a new set of data by using a mathematical or logical process to transform an existing set of data

generovat

generovat

Ex: The computer program generates random numbers to simulate various scenarios in the statistical model. 
instruction
instruction
[Podstatné jméno]

a line of command that tells a computer what to do

instrukce, příkaz

instrukce, příkaz

Ex: Each instruction in the program directs the computer to perform a specific task, such as adding numbers or displaying text. 
markup
markup
[Podstatné jméno]

detailed instructions, often written on a manuscript, indicating how text should be formatted or printed

značkování, anotace formátování

značkování, anotace formátování

Ex: The editor added markup to the manuscript to indicate italics and bold text. 
patch
patch
[Podstatné jméno]

a small piece of code or update applied to existing software to fix issues, enhance functionality, or address vulnerabilities

záplata, aktualizace

záplata, aktualizace

Ex: You need to install the latest patch to improve the app’s performance. 
to program
to program
[sloveso]

to write a set of codes in order to make a computer or a machine perform a particular task

programovat

programovat

Ex: She programmed the robot to navigate through the maze autonomously. 
script
script
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) a sequence of instructions executed in response to an event or command

Ex: The script ran automatically when the user clicked the submit button. 
source code
source code
[Podstatné jméno]

a text containing instructions in a specific order that supports a programming language which human can read and it specifies the behaviors of a computer system

zdrojový kód, zdrojový text

zdrojový kód, zdrojový text

Ex: The developer reviewed the source code to fix the bug. 
machine code
machine code
[Podstatné jméno]

the low-level instructions that a computer's processor executes directly

Ex: The compiler translates source code into machine code for execution. 
reserved word
reserved word
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) a keyword with a predefined meaning that cannot be used as a variable name

Ex: You cannot name your variable "if" because it is a reserved word. 
query language
query language
[Podstatné jméno]

a language that uses procedural operators to request and retrieve data from a database

Ex: SQL is the most widely used query language for relational databases. 
Pascal
Pascal
[Podstatné jméno]

a high-level programming language designed for teaching structured programming

Ex: She learned programming concepts using Pascal in her first computer science course. 
graphical user interface
graphical user interface
[Podstatné jméno]

the visual interaction that users have with the computer through icons, menus, etc.

grafické uživatelské rozhraní, uživatelské rozhraní grafické

grafické uživatelské rozhraní, uživatelské rozhraní grafické

Ex: The software update included a new graphical user interface. 
Extensible Markup Language
Extensible Markup Language
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) a markup system for structuring text and data in a machine-readable format

Ex: The configuration file is stored in Extensible Markup Language for easy parsing. 
algorithm
algorithm
[Podstatné jméno]

a finite sequence of well-defined, mathematical instructions for completing a specific task or solving a problem

algoritmus

algoritmus

Ex: The Euclidean algorithm is used to find the greatest common divisor of two integers. 
loop
loop
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) a single iteration of a repeated sequence of instructions

statement
statement
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) a single line of code that performs a specific action

syntax
syntax
[Podstatné jméno]

the set of rules that defines how statements and commands must be written in a computer programming language

syntaxe, syntaktická struktura

syntaxe, syntaktická struktura

Ex: A missing semicolon can cause a syntax error. 
compiler
compiler
[Podstatné jméno]

a program that translates source code written in a programming language into machine code or bytecode, allowing the computer's central processing unit (CPU) to execute the program

kompilátor, kompilátor kódu

kompilátor, kompilátor kódu

Ex: Programmers use a compiler to convert high-level programming code into machine code that a computer can execute. 
framework
framework
[Podstatné jméno]

a structure or model guiding organization or development, often with rules or principles

rámec, struktura

rámec, struktura

Ex: The legal framework outlines the rules and regulations governing business operations. 
programming language
programming language
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) a formal language used to write instructions for computers

command line
command line
[Podstatné jméno]

a text interface where users type commands to execute programs

Ex: She used the command line to compile the source code. 
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