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Ciencias Básicas - Zoología y Botánica

Estudia términos relacionados con la clasificación animal, la reproducción, el comportamiento, la evolución, las estructuras vegetales y los procesos reproductivos.

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Words Related to Basic Sciences
vertebrate
vertebrate
[Sustantivo]

(zoology) an animal with a backbone and a skull enclosing a brain

vertebrado

vertebrado

Ex: Vertebrates make up only a small fraction of all animal species on Earth. 
invertebrate
invertebrate
[Sustantivo]

species that do not possess or cannot develop a spinal column, such as an arthropod, mollusk, etc.

invertebrado

invertebrado

Ex: The pond teemed with tiny invertebrates that served as food for larger fish. 

El estanque estaba lleno de pequeños invertebrados que servían de alimento para los peces más grandes.

mammal
mammal
[Sustantivo]

a warm-blooded vertebrate animal whose females produce milk to feed their young and that typically has hair or fur

mamífero

mamífero

Ex: Most mammals give birth to live young. 
reptile
reptile
[Sustantivo]

a class of animals to which crocodiles, lizards, etc. belong, characterized by having cold blood and scaly skin

reptil

reptil

Ex: The zoo has a variety of reptiles, including lizards, turtles, and snakes. 

El zoológico tiene una variedad de reptiles, incluyendo lagartos, tortugas y serpientes.

amphibian
amphibian
[Sustantivo]

any cold-blooded animal with the ability to live both on land and in water, such as toads, frogs, etc.

anfibio

anfibio

Ex: Toads are amphibians similar to frogs but with dry, warty skin and shorter hind legs, adapted for hopping rather than leaping. 

Los sapos son anfibios similares a las ranas pero con piel seca y verrugosa y patas traseras más cortas, adaptadas para saltar en lugar de brincar.

carnivore
carnivore
[Sustantivo]

an animal that feeds on the flesh of other animals

carnívoro

carnívoro

Ex: Domestic cats are obligate carnivores, needing meat to thrive. 

Los gatos domésticos son carnívoros obligados, necesitando carne para prosperar.

herbivore
herbivore
[Sustantivo]

any animal that only feeds on plants

herbívoro

herbívoro

Ex: Cows, essential herbivores in agriculture, chew cud to digest fibrous plant material. 

Las vacas, herbívoros esenciales en la agricultura, rumian para digerir material vegetal fibroso.

oviparous
oviparous
[Adjetivo]

producing eggs that develop and hatch outside the body

ovíparo, que pone huevos

ovíparo, que pone huevos

Ex: Fish exhibit a variety of reproductive strategies, with some being oviparous, releasing eggs into the water for external fertilization. 

Los peces exhiben una variedad de estrategias reproductivas, algunos siendo ovíparos, liberando huevos al agua para la fertilización externa.

ovoviviparous
ovoviviparous
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal) giving birth to live offspring that have developed from eggs inside the mother's body

ovovivíparo, ovovivíparo

ovovivíparo, ovovivíparo

Ex: Ovoviviparous species keep eggs inside the mother until they hatch. 

Las especies ovovivíparas mantienen los huevos dentro de la madre hasta que eclosionan.

viviparous
viviparous
[Adjetivo]

(of animals) giving birth to developed babies instead of laying eggs

vivíparo

vivíparo

Ex: The viviparous nature of certain reptiles, like the boa constrictor, allows them to give birth to live young in environments where egg-laying would be risky. 

La naturaleza vivípara de ciertos reptiles, como la boa constrictor, les permite dar a luz crías vivas en entornos donde la puesta de huevos sería arriesgada.

incubation
incubation
[Sustantivo]

the controlled maintenance of a specific temperature; fostering optimal conditions for the development of organisms, processes, or materials

incubación

incubación

Ex: In the greenhouse, plants benefit from controlled incubation conditions. 

En el invernadero, las plantas se benefician de condiciones de incubación controladas.

instinct
instinct
[Sustantivo]

a natural tendency or ability to behave or react in a particular way without conscious thought or learning

instinto, intuición

instinto, intuición

Ex: Birds rely on instinct when they begin their seasonal migration. 
to lactate
to lactate
[Verbo]

(physiology) to produce milk from the mammary glands to feed offspring

lactar

lactar

Ex: Mammals lactate to nourish their young during early development. 
to regurgitate

to bring up partially digested food from the stomach back into the mouth, often to feed young or as part of the digestive process

regurgitar, devolver

regurgitar, devolver

Ex: Some marine animals, like penguins, regurgitate food to nourish their offspring. 

Algunos animales marinos, como los pingüinos, regurgitan comida para alimentar a sus crías.

cosmopolitan
cosmopolitan
[Adjetivo]

(ecology) found or living in most parts of the world

cosmopolita

cosmopolita

Ex: This cosmopolitan fungus appears in soils from tropical rainforests to Arctic tundra. 
community
community
[Sustantivo]

(ecology) a group of different species living in the same area and interacting with one another

comunidad, biocenosis

comunidad, biocenosis

Ex: She studied the plant community along the riverbank for her ecology thesis. 
evolution
evolution
[Sustantivo]

the process by which populations of living organisms change genetically across successive generations

evolución

evolución

Ex: Natural selection is one of the major mechanisms of evolution. 
species
species
[Sustantivo]

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

especie

especie

Ex: The red wolf is a species of wolf that is native to the southeastern United States. 

El lobo rojo es una especie de lobo nativa del sureste de los Estados Unidos.

subspecies
subspecies
[Sustantivo]

(biology) a distinct group within a species, often formed by geographic separation and showing slight physical or genetic differences

subespecie

subespecie

Ex: The two bird subspecies look almost identical but have different mating calls. 
vesicle
vesicle
[Sustantivo]

a small, membrane-bound sac within a cell, involved in the transport, storage, or release of substances

vesícula, vacuola

vesícula, vacuola

Ex: Vacuoles, found in plant cells, are large vesicles involved in storing nutrients, waste products, and maintaining turgor pressure. 

Las vesículas, que se encuentran en las células vegetales, son grandes vesículas involucradas en el almacenamiento de nutrientes, productos de desecho y en el mantenimiento de la presión de turgencia.

chlorophyll
chlorophyll
[Sustantivo]

a green pigment found in all green plants and cyanobacteria that is responsible for the absorption of the sunlight needed for the photosynthesis process

clorofila

clorofila

Ex: During autumn, chlorophyll breaks down in deciduous plants, revealing other pigments and causing leaves to change color. 

Durante el otoño, la clorofila se descompone en las plantas caducifolias, revelando otros pigmentos y haciendo que las hojas cambien de color.

chloroplast
chloroplast
[Sustantivo]

a plant cell organelle that uses sunlight to produce energy and make glucose through photosynthesis

cloroplasto, orgánulo fotosintético

cloroplasto, orgánulo fotosintético

Ex: In addition to chlorophyll, chloroplasts house other pigments that aid in capturing different wavelengths of light during photosynthesis. 

Además de la clorofila, los cloroplastos albergan otros pigmentos que ayudan a capturar diferentes longitudes de onda de la luz durante la fotosíntesis.

photosynthesis
photosynthesis
[Sustantivo]

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

fotosíntesis

fotosíntesis

Ex: The efficiency of photosynthesis drops in extreme heat or drought. 

La eficiencia de la fotosíntesis disminuye en condiciones de calor o sequía extremos.

to propagate

to reproduce and produce offspring through natural methods

propagar, reproducirse

propagar, reproducirse

Ex: Some fish can propagate in both fresh and saltwater environments. 

Algunos peces pueden propagarse tanto en ambientes de agua dulce como salada.

germination
germination
[Sustantivo]

(botany) the process by which a seed or spore begins to grow and develop into a new plant

germinación

germinación

Ex: After three days of rain, the germination of wildflowers was visible across the meadow. 
pollination
pollination
[Sustantivo]

(biology) the process of producing plant seeds by transferring a powdery substance from one plant to the other

polinización, fecundación de las plantas

polinización, fecundación de las plantas

Ex: Some plants, like orchids, have evolved specific adaptations for pollination by attracting particular insects with their unique shapes and scents. 

Algunas plantas, como las orquídeas, han desarrollado adaptaciones específicas para la polinización atrayendo insectos particulares con sus formas y aromas únicos.

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