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039. History: Since The Dawn of Civilisation

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archeologist
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a person whose job is to study ancient societies using facts, objects, buildings, etc. remaining in excavation sites

archeoloog

archeoloog

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empire
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the states or countries that are ruled under a single authority by a single government or monarch

rijk

rijk

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kingdom
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

an area or territory that is governed by a king or queen

koninkrijk, heerschappij

koninkrijk, heerschappij

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dynasty
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

dynastie

dynastie

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dawn
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the beginning or first appearance of something, especially when it marks the start of a new period or phase

dageraad, begin

dageraad, begin

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reign
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the period that a monarch rules

regering

regering

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heir
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

someone who has the legal right to inherit the property, money, or title of a deceased individual

erfgenaam

erfgenaam

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successor
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

opvolger, erfgenaam

opvolger, erfgenaam

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coronation
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the formal ceremony or event during which a monarch or sovereign is officially crowned and invested with regal authority

kroning

kroning

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conquest
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the act of taking possession of an area by using military force

verovering

verovering

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manuscript
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a handwritten or typed document that has not yet been published or printed, often used to refer to an author's draft of a book or other literary work

manuscript, klad

manuscript, klad

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peasant
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

boer, landbouwer

boer, landbouwer

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laborer
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

someone whose job includes heavy physical work that does not require much skill

arbeider, handarbeider

arbeider, handarbeider

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migration
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the act of moving to another place or country

migratie

migratie

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shred
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a tiny or scarcely detectable amount

spoor, greintje

spoor, greintje

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Bronze Age
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools

Bronstijd, Tijdperk van brons

Bronstijd, Tijdperk van brons

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medieval
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

belonging or related to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from roughly the 5th to the 15th century

middeleeuws, uit de Middeleeuwen

middeleeuws, uit de Middeleeuwen

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Renaissance
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the period between the 14th and 16th centuries in Europe, marked by a rise of interest in Greek and Roman cultures, which is dominant in the art, philosophy, etc. of the times

Renaissance

Renaissance

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precolonial
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

relating to the period in a region's history before it was colonized by foreign powers

prekoloniaal, voor de kolonisatie

prekoloniaal, voor de kolonisatie

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infantry
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

foot soldiers who fight on the ground with small arms

infanterie, infanteristen

infanterie, infanteristen

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cavalry
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

troops trained to fight on horseback

cavalerie, troepen getraind om te vechten te paard

cavalerie, troepen getraind om te vechten te paard

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armor
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a protective metal clothing used by soldiers in the past in order not to be harmed or injured during battles

harnas, pantser

harnas, pantser

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chariot
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a vehicle with two wheels, drawn by horses, used in ancient times for warfare and racing

strijdwagen, wagen

strijdwagen, wagen

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galleon
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a large square-rigged sailing ship with three or more masts; used by the Spanish for commerce and war from the 15th to 18th centuries

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warlord
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

supreme military leader exercising civil power in a region especially one accountable to nobody when the central government is weak

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slave
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a person who is owned by someone

slaaf, knecht

slaaf, knecht

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ruler
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a person who controls or leads a country, territory, or group of people

heerser, leider

heerser, leider

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explorer
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a person who visits unknown places to find out more about them

ontdekkingsreiziger, avonturier

ontdekkingsreiziger, avonturier

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merchant
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

someone who buys and sells goods wholesale

koopman, handelaar

koopman, handelaar

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monarch
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

monarch, vorst

monarch, vorst

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monarchy
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarchie, koninkrijk

monarchie, koninkrijk

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nobility
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the class of people with the highest social or political ranks and titles

adel, aristocratie

adel, aristocratie

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slavery
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the state in which a person is owned by someone and used for forced labor

slavernij, knechtschap

slavernij, knechtschap

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