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Applied Science and Research - Electronics Engineering

Study terms related to electronic components, circuits, semiconductors, signal transmission, electrical properties, amplification, and soldering.

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Words Related to Applied Science and Research
amplifier
amplifier
[существительное]

an electronic device that strengthens electrical signals or causes sounds to get louder

усилитель

усилитель

Ex: The guitarist plugged his electric guitar into the amplifier to increase its volume. 
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microelectronics
microelectronics
[существительное]

a branch of electronics that deals with the design and manufacture of extremely small electronic components and circuits, typically using semiconductor materials such as silicon

микроэлектроника, микроскопическая электроника

микроэлектроника, микроскопическая электроника

Ex: The field of microelectronics has revolutionized the design and production of compact electronic devices. 
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circuit
circuit
[существительное]

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

электрическая цепь

электрическая цепь

Ex: The electrical circuit is designed to power the light bulb when the switch is turned on. 
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circuit board
circuit board
[существительное]

a thin board on which the circuits are printed

печатная плата

печатная плата

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diode
diode
[существительное]

an electronic device with two terminals, typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only

диод

диод

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electrode
electrode
[существительное]

a conductor through which electricity travels to or from an object, such as batteries

электрод

электрод

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microchip
microchip
[существительное]

a small piece of material that is a semiconductor, used to make an integrated circuit

микрочип

микрочип

Ex: The computer’s performance improved after upgrading its microchip. 
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coaxial cable
coaxial cable
[существительное]

a special type of wire that carries signals, like TV or Internet, using a central wire surrounded by a layer called insulation along with a metal covering to protect the signals from interference

коаксиальный кабель, коаксиальный провод

коаксиальный кабель, коаксиальный провод

Ex: The technician replaced the old coaxial cable to improve the signal strength for the television. 
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semiconductor
semiconductor
[существительное]

a solid substance that conducts electricity or heat better than insulators, but not as well as most metals

полупроводник

полупроводник

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photoelectric
photoelectric
[прилагательное]

related to the release of electrons from a surface in the process of lighting

фотоэлектрический

фотоэлектрический

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integrated circuit
integrated circuit
[существительное]

(electronics) a tiny semiconductor chip that contains many electronic parts working as one complete system

Ex: The integrated circuit in your smartphone contains billions of tiny transistors. 
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terminal
terminal
[существительное]

a point of connection on an electrical device where current enters or leaves

клемма, полюс

клемма, полюс

Ex: The battery has two terminals: positive and negative. 
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relay
relay
[существительное]

an electronic device that uses a small electrical current to control a larger current, acting like an automatic switch

реле

реле

Ex: The engineer installed a relay in the circuit to control the high-voltage switch safely. 
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photodiode
photodiode
[существительное]

a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current

Ex: The photodiode in the smoke detector senses light to trigger the alarm. 
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impedance
impedance
[существительное]

(electronics) a material's total resistance to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms

Ex: High impedance in a circuit reduces the amount of current that can flow. 
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reactance
reactance
[существительное]

(electronics) opposition to alternating current caused by inductance or capacitance, not by resistance

Ex: Reactance changes with frequency, unlike resistance which stays constant. 
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capacitance
capacitance
[существительное]

(electronics) the ability of a component or device to store an electric charge

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inductance
inductance
[существительное]

(electronics) an electrical component, usually a coil of wire, that introduces inductance into a circuit

Ex: The technician installed an inductance in the power supply to filter out high-frequency noise. 
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resistance
resistance
[существительное]

an electrical component designed to impede the flow of current

резистор, электрическое сопротивление

резистор, электрическое сопротивление

Ex: The technician replaced a burnt resistance on the circuit board. 
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voltage gain
voltage gain
[существительное]

(electronics) the ratio of an amplifier's output voltage to its input voltage, indicating how much the signal is magnified

Ex: The amplifier has a voltage gain of 10, meaning the output is ten times the input. 
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current gain
current gain
[существительное]

(electronics) the ratio of a transistor's output current to its input current, showing how much the signal is amplified

Ex: The transistor's current gain determines how effectively it amplifies a weak signal. 
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