Prepositional Pronouns For Intermediate learners
What Are Prepositional Pronouns?
Prepositional pronouns (pronombres personales tónicos de preposición) are pronouns that follow a preposition (like a, de, con, para, sin, por). In Spanish, some pronouns have special forms when they appear after prepositions:
Subject pronoun | Prepositional pronoun | |
|---|---|---|
First person singular | yo | mí |
Second-person singular | tú | ti |
Second-person singular (formal) | usted | usted |
Third-person singular | él/ella | él/ella |
First-person plural | nosotros/as | nosotros/as |
Second person plural | ustedes | ustedes |
Third-person plural | ellos/as | ellos/as |
As you can see, most prepositional pronouns have the same form as the corresponding subject pronouns, except for first and second-person informal pronouns. Here are some examples:
Este regalo es para mí.
This gift is for me.
Todo depende de ti.
Everything depends on you.
Ella está hablando de él.
She is talking about him.
Voy al cine con ellos.
I'm going to the cinema with them.
Reflexive Prepositional Pronoun
If the subject of the sentence and complement of the preposition are the same person or thing (i.e. if a reflexive pronouns is needed) "usted," "ustedes," "él," "ella," "ellos," and "ellas" all change to "sí" after the preposition.
Él habló de sí.
He talks about himself.
Deben confiar en sí.
They have to trust in themselves.
The Preposition "Con"
"Con" is a useful preposition in Spanish which causes some changes in the form of first and second-person prepositional pronouns as well as the reflexive form "sí." When used after "con," the first person prepositional pronoun attaches to the preposition and changes to "conmigo" while the second-person pronoun changes to "contigo." Additionally, if the object of "con" is the reflexive "sí," it changes to "consigo". But keep in mind that if the subject and object of "con" are not the same, the regular form of the prepositional pronoun (él, ella, etc.) must be used after "con." Check out the examples:
¿Quieres venir conmigo?
Do you want to come with me?
¿Puedo contar contigo?
Can I count on you?
Siempre lleva su cuaderno consigo.
He always carries his notebook with him.
Here, the subject "he" and the complement of the preposition "him" are the same person, so the reflexive form "consigo" is used.
Voy al cine con ellos.
I'm going to the cinema with them.
Here, the subject "I' and the complement of the preposition "them" are not the same, so the regular prepositional pronoun is used.
Exceptions
There are a few prepositions that require use of the same form as the subject pronoun in all cases. This means "yo" and "tú" are used instead of "mí" and "ti" after these prepositions. These include:
entre
según
excepto
menos
salvo
For example:
Entre tú y yo, no me gusta esa película.
Between you and me, I don't like that movie.
Según tú, no hay problema.
According to you, there is no problem.
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