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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Académico - Prueba 3 - Lectura - Pasaje 1 (1)

Aquí puedes encontrar el vocabulario del Test 3 - Lectura - Pasaje 1 (1) en el libro de curso Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic, para ayudarte a preparar tu examen IELTS.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
concrete
concrete
[Sustantivo]

a hard material used for building structures, made by mixing cement, water, sand, and small stones

hormigón, concreto

hormigón, concreto

Ex: She designed a beautiful patio using colored concrete for an attractive finish. 

Diseñó un hermoso patio usando hormigón coloreado para un acabado atractivo.

to generate

to produce energy, such as heat, electricity, etc.

generar, producir

generar, producir

Ex: The nuclear power plant generates vast amounts of energy by harnessing the heat produced from nuclear fission reactions. 

La central nuclear genera grandes cantidades de energía aprovechando el calor producido por las reacciones de fisión nuclear.

carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide
[Sustantivo]

a type of gas with no color and smell that is produced by burning carbon or during breathing out

dióxido de carbono

dióxido de carbono

Ex: Plants absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. 

Las plantas absorben el dióxido de carbono durante la fotosíntesis.

alternative
alternative
[Sustantivo]

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

alternativa

alternativa

Ex: You can either take the train or the bus, but there’s no third alternative. 

Puedes tomar el tren o el autobús, pero no hay una tercera alternativa.

substance
substance
[Sustantivo]

material of a particular kind or constitution

sustancia,  materia

sustancia, materia

greenhouse gas
greenhouse gas
[Sustantivo]

any type of gas, particularly carbon dioxide, that contributes to global warming by trapping heat

gas de efecto invernadero, gas invernadero

gas de efecto invernadero, gas invernadero

Ex: The use of fossil fuels contributes to greenhouse gas pollution. 

El uso de combustibles fósiles contribuye a la contaminación por gases de efecto invernadero.

cement
cement
[Sustantivo]

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

cemento

cemento

Ex: The cement mixer churned as workers prepared batches of concrete for the building project. 

La mezcladora de cemento giraba mientras los trabajadores preparaban lotes de hormigón para el proyecto de construcción.

to result in

to cause something to occur

resultar en

resultar en

Ex: Insufficient preparation can result in failure in an exam. 

Una preparación insuficiente puede resultar en un fracaso en un examen.

to estimate

to guess the value, number, quantity, size, etc. of something without exact calculation

estimar

estimar

Ex: He estimated the distance to be around five miles. 

Él estimó que la distancia era de alrededor de cinco millas.

United Nations
United Nations
[Sustantivo]

an international organization founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, and cooperation among member countries

Naciones Unidas

Naciones Unidas

Ex: Many global policies are shaped by the discussions at the United Nations. 

Muchas políticas globales están moldeadas por las discusiones en las Naciones Unidas.

carbon emission
carbon emission
[Sustantivo]

the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, primarily from burning fossil fuels, industrial processes, and etc.

emisión de carbono, liberación de dióxido de carbono

emisión de carbono, liberación de dióxido de carbono

Ex: Transportation is a major source of carbon emissions worldwide. 

El transporte es una fuente importante de emisiones de carbono en todo el mundo.

to soar
to soar
[Verbo]

to increase rapidly to a high level

aumentar

aumentar

Ex: The popularity of the new restaurant caused its reservations to soar within days of opening. 

La popularidad del nuevo restaurante hizo que sus reservas se dispararan en cuestión de días después de su apertura.

global warming
global warming
[Sustantivo]

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

calentamiento global

calentamiento global

Ex: Global warming is causing glaciers to melt at an alarming rate. 

El calentamiento global está provocando que los glaciares se derritan a un ritmo alarmante.

to innovate

to introduce new ideas, methods, or products to improve or change the current way of doing things

innovar

innovar

Ex: Educational institutions seek to innovate teaching methods to better engage students. 

Las instituciones educativas buscan innovar los métodos de enseñanza para involucrar mejor a los estudiantes.

scramble
scramble
[Sustantivo]

an unceremonious and disorganized struggle

barahúnda, lucha desorganizada

barahúnda, lucha desorganizada

commodity
commodity
[Sustantivo]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

materia prima

materia prima

Ex: Agricultural commodities such as wheat, corn, and soybeans are subject to fluctuations in price based on factors like weather conditions and supply and demand. 

Los productos básicos agrícolas como el trigo, el maíz y la soja están sujetos a fluctuaciones de precio basadas en factores como las condiciones climáticas y la oferta y la demanda.

to underpin

support from beneath

sostener, apuntalar

sostener, apuntalar

to replace
to replace
[Verbo]

to substitute or provide an alternative that fulfills the same function or purpose

reemplazar, sustituir

reemplazar, sustituir

Ex: The telecommunications company announced plans to replace copper wire infrastructure with fiber-optic cables. 

La compañía de telecomunicaciones anunció planes para reemplazar la infraestructura de cables de cobre por cables de fibra óptica.

engineering
engineering
[Sustantivo]

a field of study that deals with the building, designing, developing, etc. of structures, bridges, or machines

ingeniería

ingeniería

Ex: He graduated with a degree in mechanical engineering. 

Se graduó con un título en ingeniería mecánica.

extent
extent
[Sustantivo]

the point or degree to which something extends

extensión, grado

extensión, grado

scale
scale
[Sustantivo]

the size, amount, or degree of one thing compared with another

escala

escala

Ex: The scale of the forest fire was beyond anything the firefighters had ever encountered. 

La escala del incendio forestal superaba todo lo que los bomberos habían encontrado jamás.

manufacture
manufacture
[Sustantivo]

a branch of industry dedicated to creating goods on a large scale, typically using machinery and organized processes

fabricación, industria

fabricación, industria

Ex: The government supports local industries focused on green energy manufacture. 

El gobierno apoya a las industrias locales enfocadas en la fabricación de energía verde.

relatively
relatively
[Adverbio]

to a specific degree, particularly when compared to other similar things

relativamente

relativamente

Ex: The cost of living here is relatively low. 

El costo de vida aquí es relativamente bajo.

abundance
abundance
[Sustantivo]

a large quantity or amount of something

abundancia, profusión

abundancia, profusión

Ex: Her generosity stemmed from an abundance of kindness and empathy. 

Su generosidad provenía de una abundancia de amabilidad y empatía.

marvelous
marvelous
[Adjetivo]

extremely wonderful, excellent, or impressive

maravilloso, asombroso

maravilloso, asombroso

Ex: The marvelous view from the mountaintop took their breath away with its beauty. 

La vista maravillosa desde la cima de la montaña les quitó el aliento con su belleza.

property
property
[Sustantivo]

a feature or quality of something

propiedad

propiedad

Ex: Location is often cited as the most important property factor when buying real estate. 

La ubicación suele citarse como el factor más importante al comprar una propiedad.

vital
vital
[Adjetivo]

absolutely necessary and of great importance

esencial, vital, crucial

esencial, vital, crucial

Ex: Oxygen is vital for sustaining life. 

El oxígeno es vital para sostener la vida.

component
component
[Sustantivo]

a part that combines with others to form a larger whole, often separable and functional within a system

componente

componente

Ex: This component is responsible for the power supply. 

Este componente es responsable del suministro de energía.

moldable
moldable
[Adjetivo]

capable of being molded or modeled (especially of earth or clay or other soft material)

moldeable, modelable

moldeable, modelable

to set
to set
[Verbo]

(of a liquid) to assume a solid or hardened form

cuajar, solidificarse

cuajar, solidificarse

Ex: The pudding needs time to set properly in the refrigerator. 

El pudín necesita tiempo para cuajar correctamente en el refrigerador.

thermal
thermal
[Adjetivo]

related to heat or temperature, including how heat moves, how materials expand with temperature changes, and the energy stored in heat

térmico

térmico

Ex: During the hike, I felt the sun's thermal rays warming my skin. 

Durante la caminata, sentí los rayos térmicos del sol calentando mi piel.

expansion
expansion
[Sustantivo]

an increase in the amount, size, importance, or degree of something

expansión

expansión

Ex: The organization announced plans for the expansion of its services to underserved communities. 

La organización anunció planes para la expansión de sus servicios a comunidades desatendidas.

to reinforce

to strengthen a substance or structure, particularly by adding extra material to it

reforzar

reforzar

Ex: The chef chose to reinforce the flavor of the soup by adding a rich and concentrated broth. 

El chef eligió reforzar el sabor de la sopa añadiendo un caldo rico y concentrado.

flexible
flexible
[Adjetivo]

capable of adjusting easily to different situations, circumstances, or needs

adaptable

adaptable

Ex: He is known for being flexible with his schedule, accommodating others needs. 

Es conocido por ser flexible con su horario, adaptándose a las necesidades de los demás.

according to
according to
[Preposición]

in regard to what someone has said or written

según

según

Ex: The book, according to the author, offers a unique perspective on the subject. 

El libro, según el autor, ofrece una perspectiva única sobre el tema.

factor
factor
[Sustantivo]

one of the things that affects something or contributes to it

factor

factor

Ex: Economic stability is an important factor for investors when considering where to put their money. 

La estabilidad económica es un factor importante para los inversores a la hora de considerar dónde poner su dinero.

to beat
to beat
[Verbo]

to surpass or outdo someone or something

superar, aventajar

superar, aventajar

Ex: The new film beats the previous box office hits for opening weekend sales. 

La nueva película supera a los anteriores éxitos de taquilla en ventas del fin de semana de estreno.

medieval
medieval
[Adjetivo]

so outdated or old-fashioned that it feels primitive or backward

medieval, arcaico

medieval, arcaico

Ex: His medieval attitudes towards diversity and inclusion were criticized for being narrow-minded and discriminatory. 

Sus actitudes medievales hacia la diversidad y la inclusión fueron criticadas por ser estrechas de mente y discriminatorias.

to drive
to drive
[Verbo]

to be the influencing factor that causes something to make progress

impulsar, conducir

impulsar, conducir

Ex: The desire for sustainability is driving changes in consumer behavior. 

El deseo de sostenibilidad impulsa cambios en el comportamiento del consumidor.

architect
architect
[Sustantivo]

a person whose job is designing buildings and typically supervising their construction

arquitecto

arquitecto

Ex: The architect presented the blueprints for the new community center to the city council for approval. 

El arquitecto presentó los planos para el nuevo centro comunitario al concejo municipal para su aprobación.

to turn to
to turn to
[Verbo]

to direct one's interest or attention toward a specific subject or activity

volverse hacia, dedicarse a

volverse hacia, dedicarse a

Ex: As the discussion evolved, we turned to more pressing matters. 

A medida que la discusión evolucionaba, nos volvimos hacia asuntos más urgentes.

timber
timber
[Sustantivo]

trees grown to be used in carpentry or construction

madera, rollizo

madera, rollizo

Ex: The carpenter selected the finest timber for crafting the custom furniture pieces. 

El carpintero seleccionó la mejor madera para elaborar las piezas de muebles personalizados.

resource
resource
[Sustantivo]

(usually plural) means such as equipment, money, manpower, etc. that a person or organization can benefit from

recurso

recurso

Ex: The organization allocated human resources strategically to meet project deadlines. 

La organización asignó recursos humanos estratégicamente para cumplir con los plazos del proyecto.

emergence
emergence
[Sustantivo]

the process of gradually coming into existence

surgimiento

surgimiento

Ex: The emergence of eco-friendly technologies is an encouraging sign in the fight against climate change. 

El surgimiento de tecnologías respetuosas con el medio ambiente es una señal alentadora en la lucha contra el cambio climático.

to construct

to build a house, bridge, machine, etc.

construir

construir

Ex: Skilled carpenters were hired to construct custom-made furniture for the luxury hotel. 

Se contrataron carpinteros habilidosos para construir muebles a medida para el hotel de lujo.

entirely
entirely
[Adverbio]

to the fullest or complete degree

completamente

completamente

Ex: The concept was entirely new to the scientific community. 

El concepto era completamente nuevo para la comunidad científica.

moisture
moisture
[Sustantivo]

the presence of liquid, typically water, in a state of wetness or dampness

humedad, mojadura

humedad, mojadura

Ex: Her hair retained moisture from the humid climate, making it difficult to style. 

Su cabello retenía la humedad del clima húmedo, lo que hacía difícil peinarlo.

susceptible
susceptible
[Adjetivo]

easily affected by external factors

susceptible

susceptible

Ex: Patients undergoing chemotherapy are advised to avoid live virus vaccines as their immune systems are more susceptible to active infections during treatment. 

Se recomienda a los pacientes que reciben quimioterapia que eviten las vacunas con virus vivos, ya que su sistema inmunológico es más susceptible a infecciones activas durante el tratamiento.

pest
pest
[Sustantivo]

an insect or small animal that destroys or damages crops, food, etc.

peste, plaga

peste, plaga

Ex: Birds can sometimes act as a pest by eating seeds. 

Las aves a veces pueden actuar como una plaga al comer semillas.

to treat
to treat
[Verbo]

to apply a substance or process to something in order to protect it, preserve it, or give it special qualities

tratar, aplicar un tratamiento

tratar, aplicar un tratamiento

Ex: The surface of the stone was treated to resist stains and discoloration. 

La superficie de la piedra fue tratada para resistir manchas y decoloración.

cross
cross
[Adjetivo]

positioned or directed across or at an angle to something else

transversal, cruzado

transversal, cruzado

Ex: The cross lines on the map marked the intersection of two highways. 

Las líneas cruzadas en el mapa marcaban la intersección de dos carreteras.

to laminate

to create a composite material by fusing together multiple layers

laminar, estratificar

laminar, estratificar

Ex: The boat builder laminated layers of fiberglass and foam core to create hulls that were strong and resistant to water damage. 

El constructor de barcos laminó capas de fibra de vidrio y núcleo de espuma para crear cascos que eran fuertes y resistentes a los daños por agua.

adhesive
adhesive
[Sustantivo]

a substance, such as glue, paste, or tape, that is used to bind two or more surfaces together by creating a bond that resists separation

adhesivo, pegamento

adhesivo, pegamento

crosswise
crosswise
[Adverbio]

in a direction or manner that goes across something

a través, transversalmente

a través, transversalmente

Ex: The baker sliced the baguette crosswise to create perfect little rounds for the appetizers. 

El panadero cortó la baguette a lo ancho para crear pequeños redondeles perfectos para los aperitivos.

building block
building block
[Sustantivo]

a block of material used in construction work

bloque de construcción, elemento básico

bloque de construcción, elemento básico

supplier
supplier
[Sustantivo]

a person or company that provides goods or services to another business or individual

proveedor, suministrador

proveedor, suministrador

Ex: The factory depends on its supplier for raw materials. 

La fábrica depende de su proveedor para las materias primas.

vice president
vice president
[Sustantivo]

an executive officer whose rank is just below the rank of the president of a country and who can act in place of the president in certain cases to fulfill presidential duties

vicepresidente

vicepresidente

demand
demand
[Sustantivo]

costumer's need or desire for specific goods or services

demanda

demanda

Ex: During the holiday season, there is a surge in demand for toys and electronics. 

Durante la temporada navideña, hay un aumento en la demanda de juguetes y productos electrónicos.

driver
driver
[Sustantivo]

a factor, force, or influence that initiates or causes a particular action, process, or change

factor, motor

factor, motor

Ex: Climate change is a significant driver of extreme weather events. 

El cambio climático es un factor importante de los eventos meteorológicos extremos.

to aggravate

to make a problem, situation, or condition worse or more serious

agravar

agravar

Ex: Skipping physical therapy sessions may aggravate a recovering injury. 

Saltarse las sesiones de fisioterapia puede agravar una lesión en recuperación.

pourable
pourable
[Adjetivo]

able to flow smoothly from one container to another without sticking or breaking apart

vertible, colable

vertible, colable

Ex: This glue becomes pourable when heated. 

Este pegamento se vuelve vertible cuando se calienta.

engineered
engineered
[Adjetivo]

designed and made using careful planning, skill, or scientific methods to work in a specific way

diseñado, ingenieril

diseñado, ingenieril

Ex: The building has an engineered system for saving energy. 

El edificio tiene un sistema diseñado para ahorrar energía.

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