کسب‌وکار و امور مالی - اقتصاد

the social science that studies how goods, services, money, and resources are produced, distributed, and used

a person who studies economics or has expert knowledge of how economies work

an economic system in which property and businesses are primarily privately owned and operated for profit

a sudden decrease in something's value, such as a price or stock

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

the type or system of money that is used by a country

a prolonged period of severe economic decline marked by low business activity and high unemployment

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

a drop in market and business activities

an economic system that is not operated by the government rather by free competition and supply and demand

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

trade that ensures fair payment and ethical standards for producers, often with social and environmental criteria

the interconnected economies of all countries viewed as a single unified system

a tax levied by a government on the financial earnings of individuals and businesses

the ongoing increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time

a sustained decline in prices caused by reduced economic activity

a market situation in which a single company or supplier has exclusive control over a product or service and faces no effective competition

the total amount of money owed by a national government, excluding debts of individuals, businesses, or local governments

a collection of shares and other investments owned by a person or organization

the part of the economy that is run by private individuals or companies, rather than the government, and aims to make a profit

the part of the economy that is controlled and funded by the government, providing services like healthcare, education, and transportation

the total amount of money spent by a government on public services and infrastructure

a supply of something stored for future need or contingency

a place in which shares and stocks are traded

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

the relationship between the availability of a commodity and the desire for it, which determines market prices

a tax imposed by a government on goods imported into or exported from a country

a sum of money that has to be paid, based on one's income, to the government so it can provide people with different kinds of public services

to estimate how much money something will cost

the illegal purchase and selling of goods in high price, ofen in an unreasonable price

a period in which the price of an asset rises far above its underlying value, often followed by a sharp decline

relating to government revenue, spending, taxation, or other public finances

financial assets in the form of money or able to be easily converted into money

a UN agency that promotes international monetary cooperation and exchange rate stability

a UN agency that provides loans and financial assistance to developing countries