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Лексика Южной Европы и Балкан - Испания

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Southern Europe and the Balkans Vocabulary
breathtaking
breathtaking
[прилагательное]

incredibly impressive or beautiful, often leaving one feeling amazed

поразительный

поразительный

Ex: The ballet performance was simply breathtaking, with its graceful movements and stunning choreography. 
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(in|by) contrast
in contrast
[наречие]

used to highlight the differences between two or more things or people

в отличие от

в отличие от

Ex: The old house had a charming, rustic feel, whereas the new one, in contrast, is sleek and modern. 
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stunning
stunning
[прилагательное]

causing strong admiration or shock due to beauty or impact

ошеломляющий

ошеломляющий

Ex: The stunning landscape of the countryside was captured in the artist's painting. 
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volcanic
volcanic
[прилагательное]

related to or formed by the activity of volcanoes

вулканический

вулканический

Ex: The volcanic eruption sent plumes of ash into the sky. 
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New World
New World
[существительное]

a term used to refer to the Central, North and South America, in the past

Новый Свет

Новый Свет

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vibrant
vibrant
[прилагательное]

full of energy, enthusiasm, and life

вибрирующий

вибрирующий

Ex: The city was vibrant with activity during the festival. 
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diverse
diverse
[прилагательное]

showing a variety of distinct types or qualities

разнообразный

разнообразный

Ex: The team consisted of individuals from diverse backgrounds, bringing a range of experiences and perspectives to the table. 
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to locate
to locate
[глагол]

to be situated or established in a particular place

располагаться, находиться

располагаться, находиться

Ex: The museum is located near the river. 
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peninsula
peninsula
[существительное]

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

полуостров

полуостров

Ex: The Iberian Peninsula is home to Spain and Portugal, surrounded by water on three sides. 
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border
border
[существительное]

a line that separates two countries, provinces, or states from each other

граница

граница

Ex: Diplomatic tensions can escalate when disputes arise over the delineation of borders between nations. 
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to surround
to surround
[глагол]

to be around something on all sides

окружать, обступать

окружать, обступать

Ex: The city is surrounded by beautiful countryside. 
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coastline
coastline
[существительное]

the boundary between land and water, particularly as seen on a map or from above

береговая линия

береговая линия

Ex: The rugged coastline stretched for miles. 
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populous
populous
[прилагательное]

having a large number of inhabitants relative to its size or area

многолюдный

многолюдный

Ex: Tokyo is one of the most populous cities in the world, housing over 30 million people. 
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lively
lively
[прилагательное]

(of a place or atmosphere) full of excitement and energy

оживленный

оживленный

Ex: She loved the lively atmosphere at the outdoor market. 
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landmark
landmark
[существительное]

a structure or a place that is historically important

ориентир

ориентир

Ex: The Great Wall of China is a remarkable landmark that stretches across thousands of miles and has stood for centuries. 
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to shape
to shape
[глагол]

to exert a significant influence on the development, nature, or outcome of something

формировать, влиять

формировать, влиять

Ex: Early childhood experiences can shape a person's personality and attitudes later in life. 
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civilization
civilization
[существительное]

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

цивилизация

цивилизация

Ex: Ancient Egypt is considered one of the greatest civilizations in history. 
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influence
influence
[существительное]

the ability to affect people or events, particularly through prestige, status, or authority

влияние

влияние

Ex: The lobbyist's influence led to the passing of the new environmental regulations. 
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aqueduct
aqueduct
[существительное]

a channel or pipeline used to transport water over a long distance, usually from a remote source to a town or city

акведук

акведук

Ex: The ancient Romans built aqueducts to supply their cities with water. 
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fall
fall
[существительное]

the downfall, loss, or defeat of someone or something, often irreversible

падение

падение

Ex: The dictator's fall shocked the nation. 
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to rule
to rule
[глагол]

to control and be in charge of a country

править

править

Ex: The monarch ruled the kingdom with absolute authority. 
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architecture
architecture
[существительное]

the study or art of building and designing houses

архитектура

архитектура

Ex: She decided to study architecture because she was fascinated by the art and science of designing buildings. 
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to take back
to take back
[глагол]

to regain the possession of a thing or person

Завладеть

Завладеть

Ex: She took back her stolen wallet from the thief. 
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colony
colony
[существительное]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

колония

колония

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to [set] sail
to set sail
[фраза]

to begin a journey by ship or boat

Ex: The explorers set sail before sunrise. 
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civil war
civil war
[существительное]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

гражданская война

гражданская война

Ex: The American Civil War was fought between the Northern states (Union) and the Southern states (Confederacy) over issues of slavery and states' rights. 
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nation
nation
[существительное]

the people living within a nation or country, considered collectively

нация, народ

нация, народ

Ex: The nation mourned the loss of its leader. 
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dictator
dictator
[существительное]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

диктатор

диктатор

Ex: The dictator imposed strict censorship laws to suppress any opposition to his regime. 
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a strong hand
a strong hand
[фраза]

firm and strict control or leadership

Ex: The kingdom was ruled with a strong hand for decades. 
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to isolate
to isolate
[глагол]

to separate someone or something from others

изолировать

изолировать

Ex: The researchers decided to isolate the specimen in a controlled environment to study its behavior. 
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poverty
poverty
[существительное]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

бедность

бедность

Ex: Many families in the area live in poverty and struggle to access basic services. 
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to transition
to transition
[глагол]

to undergo a change from one state, condition, or system to another

переходить, преобразовываться

переходить, преобразовываться

Ex: The company transitioned from manual to automated production last year. 
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constitutional monarchy
constitutional monarchy
[существительное]

a country ruled by a king or queen whose powers are limited by law and elected officials hold most authority

конституционная монархия, монархия с конституционным строем

конституционная монархия, монархия с конституционным строем

Ex: The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. 
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to elect
to elect
[глагол]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

избирать

избирать

Ex: Citizens will elect a new mayor in the upcoming municipal elections. 
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full of life
full of life
[фраза]

(of a place) characterized by constant activity, with people moving around, interacting, and creating a sense of liveliness

Ex: The city square is always full of life, with vendors selling their goods and people chatting. 
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passionate
passionate
[прилагательное]

showing or having enthusiasm or strong emotions about something one care deeply about

убежденный

убежденный

Ex: She is a passionate advocate for environmental conservation and volunteers regularly for cleanup projects. 
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to [wear|have] {one's} heart on {one's} sleeve

to make no effort to hide one's true feelings and intentions

не скрывать своих чувств, жить с открытым сердцем

не скрывать своих чувств, жить с открытым сердцем

Ex: She wears her heart on her sleeve and is always quick to show her excitement and joy. 
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messy
messy
[прилагательное]

lacking orderliness or cleanliness

беспорядочный

беспорядочный

Ex: His bedroom was messy, with clothes strewn across the floor and books piled haphazardly on the desk. 
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bonfire
bonfire
[существительное]

a large fire built outdoors for celebration or signaling

костёр, пожар

костёр, пожар

Ex: They gathered around the bonfire on the beach. 
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firework
firework
[существительное]

(usually plural) a small thing containing explosive powder that produces bright colors and a loud noise when it explodes or burns, mostly used at celebrations

праздничный салют

праздничный салют

Ex: The fireworks lit up the night sky during the New Year's Eve celebration. 
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parade
parade
[существительное]

a public event where people or vehicles orderly move forward, particularly to celebrate a holiday or special day

парад

парад

Ex: The city organized a grand parade for the national holiday. 
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cuisine
cuisine
[существительное]

a method or style of cooking that is specific to a country or region

кулинария

кулинария

Ex: They sampled a variety of Asian cuisine, including sushi, dim sum, and curry. 
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to originate
to originate
[глагол]

to start to be

возникнуть

возникнуть

Ex: The idea originated from a conversation between friends. 
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saffron
saffron
[существительное]

the spice that is made from the dried aromatic stigmas of crocus flowers, used to add taste and color to the food

шафран

шафран

Ex: He likes to sprinkle a few strands of saffron into his cup of warm milk. 
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shallow
shallow
[прилагательное]

having a short distance from the surface to the bottom

неглубокий

неглубокий

Ex: Be careful when diving into the shallow end of the pool to avoid hitting your head. 
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pan
pan
[существительное]

a metal container with a long handle and a lid, used for cooking

Сковорода

Сковорода

Ex: She stirred the vegetables in the pan over medium heat. 
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to [hit] the spot
to hit the spot
[фраза]

to satisfy a craving or desire, especially for food or drink

попасть прямо в точку, оказаться именно тем, что нужно

попасть прямо в точку, оказаться именно тем, что нужно

Ex: After a long hike, a cold drink of water hit the spot and quenched my thirst. 
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filling
filling
[прилагательное]

(of food) making one's stomach feel full

наполнительный

наполнительный

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omelet
omelet
[существительное]

a dish that consists of eggs mixed together and cooked in a frying pan

омлет

омлет

Ex: She made a fluffy omelet for breakfast, filled with diced tomatoes, onions, and spinach. 
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cured
cured
[прилагательное]

preserved using methods like salting or smoking to prevent spoilage and enhance taste

солёный, копчёный

солёный, копчёный

Ex: The butcher displayed a selection of cured meats, including prosciutto and salami. 
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ham
ham
[существительное]

a type of meat cut from a pig's thigh, usually smoked or salted

окорок

окорок

Ex: He diced the leftover ham and used it to make a flavorful fried rice. 
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dough
dough
[существительное]

a thick mixture of flour, liquid and sometimes yeast that is baked into bread or pastry

тесто

тесто

Ex: Pizza dough needs to be stretched and shaped before adding the toppings. 
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to dip
to dip
[глагол]

to momentarily put something into a liquid

макать

макать

Ex: My Asian roommate likes to dip her sushi rolls into soy sauce. 
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pick-me-up
pick-me-up
[существительное]

something that makes one feel better or more energetic, especially when feeling tired or unmotivated

подбадривание, энергетик

подбадривание, энергетик

Ex: She always carries a snack as a pick-me-up during long meetings. 
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