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Slovní zásoba jižní Evropy a Balkánu - Španělsko

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Southern Europe and the Balkans Vocabulary
breathtaking
breathtaking
[Přídavné jméno]

incredibly impressive or beautiful, often leaving one feeling amazed

dechberoucí, úžasný

dechberoucí, úžasný

Ex: The ballet performance was simply breathtaking, with its graceful movements and stunning choreography. 
(in|by) contrast
in contrast
[Příslovce]

used to highlight the differences between two or more things or people

na rozdíl, naopak

na rozdíl, naopak

Ex: The old house had a charming, rustic feel, whereas the new one, in contrast, is sleek and modern. 
stunning
stunning
[Přídavné jméno]

causing strong admiration or shock due to beauty or impact

úžasný, ohromující

úžasný, ohromující

Ex: The stunning landscape of the countryside was captured in the artist's painting. 
volcanic
volcanic
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or formed by the activity of volcanoes

sopečný, související s vulkány

sopečný, související s vulkány

Ex: The volcanic eruption sent plumes of ash into the sky. 
New World
New World
[Podstatné jméno]

a term used to refer to the Central, North and South America, in the past

Nový Svět, Svét Nový

Nový Svět, Svét Nový

vibrant
vibrant
[Přídavné jméno]

full of energy, enthusiasm, and life

dynamický, energický

dynamický, energický

Ex: The city was vibrant with activity during the festival. 
diverse
diverse
[Přídavné jméno]

showing a variety of distinct types or qualities

různorodý, rozmanitý

různorodý, rozmanitý

Ex: The team consisted of individuals from diverse backgrounds, bringing a range of experiences and perspectives to the table. 
to locate
to locate
[sloveso]

to be situated or established in a particular place

nacházet se, být umístěn

nacházet se, být umístěn

Ex: The museum is located near the river. 
peninsula
peninsula
[Podstatné jméno]

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

poloostrov, téměř ostrov

poloostrov, téměř ostrov

Ex: The Iberian Peninsula is home to Spain and Portugal, surrounded by water on three sides. 
border
border
[Podstatné jméno]

a line that separates two countries, provinces, or states from each other

hranice, mez

hranice, mez

Ex: Diplomatic tensions can escalate when disputes arise over the delineation of borders between nations. 
to surround
to surround
[sloveso]

to be around something on all sides

obklopit, obklíčit

obklopit, obklíčit

Ex: The city is surrounded by beautiful countryside. 
coastline
coastline
[Podstatné jméno]

the boundary between land and water, particularly as seen on a map or from above

pobřeží, pobřežní čára

pobřeží, pobřežní čára

Ex: The rugged coastline stretched for miles. 
populous
populous
[Přídavné jméno]

having a large number of inhabitants relative to its size or area

lidnatý, hustě osídlený

lidnatý, hustě osídlený

Ex: Tokyo is one of the most populous cities in the world, housing over 30 million people. 
lively
lively
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a place or atmosphere) full of excitement and energy

živý, energický

živý, energický

Ex: She loved the lively atmosphere at the outdoor market. 
landmark
landmark
[Podstatné jméno]

a structure or a place that is historically important

památka, historické místo

památka, historické místo

Ex: The Great Wall of China is a remarkable landmark that stretches across thousands of miles and has stood for centuries. 
to shape
to shape
[sloveso]

to exert a significant influence on the development, nature, or outcome of something

utvářet, ovlivňovat

utvářet, ovlivňovat

Ex: Early childhood experiences can shape a person's personality and attitudes later in life. 
civilization
civilization
[Podstatné jméno]

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

civilizace, společnost

civilizace, společnost

Ex: Ancient Egypt is considered one of the greatest civilizations in history. 
influence
influence
[Podstatné jméno]

the ability to affect people or events, particularly through prestige, status, or authority

vliv, síla vlivu

vliv, síla vlivu

Ex: The lobbyist's influence led to the passing of the new environmental regulations. 
aqueduct
aqueduct
[Podstatné jméno]

a channel or pipeline used to transport water over a long distance, usually from a remote source to a town or city

akvadukt, vodovod

akvadukt, vodovod

Ex: The ancient Romans built aqueducts to supply their cities with water. 
fall
fall
[Podstatné jméno]

the downfall, loss, or defeat of someone or something, often irreversible

pád, porážka

pád, porážka

Ex: The dictator's fall shocked the nation. 
to rule
to rule
[sloveso]

to control and be in charge of a country

vládnout, panovat

vládnout, panovat

Ex: The monarch ruled the kingdom with absolute authority. 
architecture
architecture
[Podstatné jméno]

the study or art of building and designing houses

architektura

architektura

Ex: She decided to study architecture because she was fascinated by the art and science of designing buildings. 
to take back
to take back
[sloveso]

to regain the possession of a thing or person

vzít zpět, získat zpět

vzít zpět, získat zpět

Ex: She took back her stolen wallet from the thief. 
colony
colony
[Podstatné jméno]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

kolonie, území pod kontrolou

kolonie, území pod kontrolou

to [set] sail
to set sail
[fráze]

to begin a journey by ship or boat

Ex: The explorers set sail before sunrise. 
civil war
civil war
[Podstatné jméno]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

občanská válka, vnitřní konflikt

občanská válka, vnitřní konflikt

Ex: The American Civil War was fought between the Northern states (Union) and the Southern states (Confederacy) over issues of slavery and states' rights. 
nation
nation
[Podstatné jméno]

the people living within a nation or country, considered collectively

národ, lid

národ, lid

Ex: The nation mourned the loss of its leader. 
dictator
dictator
[Podstatné jméno]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

diktátor, tyran

diktátor, tyran

Ex: The dictator imposed strict censorship laws to suppress any opposition to his regime. 
a strong hand

firm and strict control or leadership

Ex: The kingdom was ruled with a strong hand for decades. 
to isolate
to isolate
[sloveso]

to separate someone or something from others

izolovat, oddělit

izolovat, oddělit

Ex: The researchers decided to isolate the specimen in a controlled environment to study its behavior. 
poverty
poverty
[Podstatné jméno]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

chudoba

chudoba

Ex: Many families in the area live in poverty and struggle to access basic services. 
to transition
to transition
[sloveso]

to undergo a change from one state, condition, or system to another

přecházet, měnit se

přecházet, měnit se

Ex: The company transitioned from manual to automated production last year. 
constitutional monarchy
constitutional monarchy
[Podstatné jméno]

a country ruled by a king or queen whose powers are limited by law and elected officials hold most authority

konstituční monarchie, ústavní monarchie

konstituční monarchie, ústavní monarchie

Ex: The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. 
to elect
to elect
[sloveso]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

volit, zvolit hlasováním

volit, zvolit hlasováním

Ex: Citizens will elect a new mayor in the upcoming municipal elections. 
full of life
full of life
[fráze]

(of a place) characterized by constant activity, with people moving around, interacting, and creating a sense of liveliness

Ex: The city square is always full of life, with vendors selling their goods and people chatting. 
passionate
passionate
[Přídavné jméno]

showing or having enthusiasm or strong emotions about something one care deeply about

vášnivý, nadšený

vášnivý, nadšený

Ex: She is a passionate advocate for environmental conservation and volunteers regularly for cleanup projects. 
to [wear|have] {one's} heart on {one's} sleeve

to make no effort to hide one's true feelings and intentions

nosit srdce na dlani, dávat city najevo

nosit srdce na dlani, dávat city najevo

Ex: She wears her heart on her sleeve and is always quick to show her excitement and joy. 
messy
messy
[Přídavné jméno]

lacking orderliness or cleanliness

nepořádný, chaotický

nepořádný, chaotický

Ex: His bedroom was messy, with clothes strewn across the floor and books piled haphazardly on the desk. 
bonfire
bonfire
[Podstatné jméno]

a large fire built outdoors for celebration or signaling

táborák, velký oheň

táborák, velký oheň

Ex: They gathered around the bonfire on the beach. 
firework
firework
[Podstatné jméno]

(usually plural) a small thing containing explosive powder that produces bright colors and a loud noise when it explodes or burns, mostly used at celebrations

ohňostroj, petarda

ohňostroj, petarda

Ex: The fireworks lit up the night sky during the New Year's Eve celebration. 
parade
parade
[Podstatné jméno]

a public event where people or vehicles orderly move forward, particularly to celebrate a holiday or special day

průvod, paráda

průvod, paráda

Ex: The city organized a grand parade for the national holiday. 
cuisine
cuisine
[Podstatné jméno]

a method or style of cooking that is specific to a country or region

kuchyně

kuchyně

Ex: They sampled a variety of Asian cuisine, including sushi, dim sum, and curry. 
to originate
to originate
[sloveso]

to start to be

pocházet, vzniknout

pocházet, vzniknout

Ex: The idea originated from a conversation between friends. 
saffron
saffron
[Podstatné jméno]

the spice that is made from the dried aromatic stigmas of crocus flowers, used to add taste and color to the food

šafrán, šafrán (koření)

šafrán, šafrán (koření)

Ex: He likes to sprinkle a few strands of saffron into his cup of warm milk. 
shallow
shallow
[Přídavné jméno]

having a short distance from the surface to the bottom

mělký, povrchní

mělký, povrchní

Ex: Be careful when diving into the shallow end of the pool to avoid hitting your head. 
pan
pan
[Podstatné jméno]

a metal container with a long handle and a lid, used for cooking

pánev, hrnec

pánev, hrnec

Ex: She stirred the vegetables in the pan over medium heat. 
to [hit] the spot

to satisfy a craving or desire, especially for food or drink

přijít k chuti, být přesně to pravé

přijít k chuti, být přesně to pravé

Ex: After a long hike, a cold drink of water hit the spot and quenched my thirst. 
filling
filling
[Přídavné jméno]

(of food) making one's stomach feel full

sytý, výživný

sytý, výživný

omelet
omelet
[Podstatné jméno]

a dish that consists of eggs mixed together and cooked in a frying pan

omeleta

omeleta

Ex: She made a fluffy omelet for breakfast, filled with diced tomatoes, onions, and spinach. 
cured
cured
[Přídavné jméno]

preserved using methods like salting or smoking to prevent spoilage and enhance taste

nasolený, uzený

nasolený, uzený

Ex: The butcher displayed a selection of cured meats, including prosciutto and salami. 
ham
ham
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of meat cut from a pig's thigh, usually smoked or salted

šunka, vepřová kýta

šunka, vepřová kýta

Ex: He diced the leftover ham and used it to make a flavorful fried rice. 
dough
dough
[Podstatné jméno]

a thick mixture of flour, liquid and sometimes yeast that is baked into bread or pastry

těsto, chlebové těsto

těsto, chlebové těsto

Ex: Pizza dough needs to be stretched and shaped before adding the toppings. 
to dip
to dip
[sloveso]

to momentarily put something into a liquid

namočit, ponořit

namočit, ponořit

Ex: My Asian roommate likes to dip her sushi rolls into soy sauce. 
pick-me-up
pick-me-up
[Podstatné jméno]

something that makes one feel better or more energetic, especially when feeling tired or unmotivated

povzbuzení, energetický náboj

povzbuzení, energetický náboj

Ex: She always carries a snack as a pick-me-up during long meetings. 
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