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Basic Sciences - Astronomia

Study terms related to celestial objects, galaxies, cosmic phenomena, lunar phases, eclipses, and astronomical observation.

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Words Related to Basic Sciences
astronomer
astronomer
[Rzeczownik]

a scientist who studies or observes planets, stars, and other happenings in the universe

astronom

astronom

Ex: The astronomer discovered a new exoplanet using advanced telescope technology. 
planet
planet
[Rzeczownik]

a huge round object that moves in an orbit, around the sun, or any other star

planeta, ciało niebieskie

planeta, ciało niebieskie

Ex: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. 
exoplanet
exoplanet
[Rzeczownik]

a planet that is outside the solar system

egzoplaneta, planeta pozasłoneczna

egzoplaneta, planeta pozasłoneczna

Ex: Astronomers have discovered thousands of exoplanets orbiting stars beyond our solar system. 
comet
comet
[Rzeczownik]

an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

kometa

kometa

Ex: Halley's Comet is one of the most famous comets, visible from Earth approximately every 76 years. 
constellation
constellation
[Rzeczownik]

a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

konstelacja, grupa gwiazd

konstelacja, grupa gwiazd

Ex: Orion is a well-known constellation visible in the winter sky. 
asteroid
asteroid
[Rzeczownik]

any of the rocky bodies orbiting the sun, ranging greatly in diameter, also found in large numbers between Jupiter and Mars

asteroida, skaliste ciało niebieskie

asteroida, skaliste ciało niebieskie

Ex: Scientists study asteroids to learn about the early solar system and potential threats to Earth. 
shooting star
shooting star
[Rzeczownik]

a usually small meteor that burns with a bright light when entering the earth's atmosphere

spadająca gwiazda, meteor

spadająca gwiazda, meteor

Ex: We saw a shooting star while camping in the mountains last night. 
supernova
supernova
[Rzeczownik]

an exploding star that as a result is emitting a very large amount of light, more than the sun

supernowa

supernowa

Ex: A supernova is a powerful explosion that occurs at the end of a massive star's life cycle. 
satellite
satellite
[Rzeczownik]

a natural body in space that moves around the earth or other planets

satelita, księżyc

satelita, księżyc

Ex: The Moon is Earth's satellite, orbiting our planet and affecting tides. 
red dwarf
red dwarf
[Rzeczownik]

(astronomy) a small, cool, faint star that is much less massive than the Sun and burns its fuel very slowly

Ex: Red dwarfs are the most common type of star in the Milky Way galaxy. 
white dwarf
white dwarf
[Rzeczownik]

a small, dense, and faint stellar remnant that is left after a medium-sized star exhausts the nuclear fuel in its core and undergoes gravitational collapse

biały karzeł, gwiazda biały karzeł

biały karzeł, gwiazda biały karzeł

Ex: A white dwarf is the final stage in the life cycle of a sun-like star after it has exhausted its nuclear fuel. 
black hole
black hole
[Rzeczownik]

a place in the space with such high gravity that pulls in everything, even light

czarna dziura, ciemna dziura

czarna dziura, ciemna dziura

Ex: Black holes are formed from the remnants of massive stars that have ended their life cycles and collapsed under their own gravity. 
wormhole
wormhole
[Rzeczownik]

(physics) a theoretical tunnel through space-time that could connect two distant points in the universe

Ex: In science fiction, a wormhole allows spaceships to travel across galaxies instantly. 
cosmic dust
cosmic dust
[Rzeczownik]

very small particles originally derived from stars, serving as raw material for forming planets, and existing between galaxies, stars, and other celestial bodies

pył kosmiczny, pył gwiazdowy

pył kosmiczny, pył gwiazdowy

Ex: Cosmic dust consists of tiny particles of matter floating in space, primarily composed of elements such as carbon, silicon, and iron. 
dark matter
dark matter
[Rzeczownik]

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

ciemna materia, czarna materia

ciemna materia, czarna materia

Ex: Dark matter is a form of matter that does not emit, absorb, or reflect light, making it invisible and detectable only through its gravitational effects. 
galaxy
galaxy
[Rzeczownik]

a large number of star systems bound together by gravitational force

galaktyka

galaktyka

Ex: Galaxies can vary in shape and size, with types including spiral, elliptical, and irregular galaxies, each having distinct structures and characteristics. 
the Milky Way
the Milky Way
[Rzeczownik]

a pale band of light seen in the sky at night that contains the solar system and billions of other stars

Droga Mleczna, Galaktyka

Droga Mleczna, Galaktyka

Ex: The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy that contains our solar system. 
telescope
telescope
[Rzeczownik]

a piece of equipment by which the far objects, particularly those in space, are made clearly visible

teleskop, luneta

teleskop, luneta

Ex: He used a telescope to observe the stars. 
corona
corona
[Rzeczownik]

the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

korona, zewnętrzna atmosfera Słońca

korona, zewnętrzna atmosfera Słońca

Ex: During a total solar eclipse, the corona of the Sun becomes visible as a radiant halo around the moon. 
solar
solar
[przymiotnik]

related to the sun

słoneczny, heliocentryczny

słoneczny, heliocentryczny

Ex: Solar eclipses occur when the moon blocks the sun's light. 
sunbeam
sunbeam
[Rzeczownik]

a single ray or beam of sunlight

zenith
zenith
[Rzeczownik]

the highest point that a certain celestial body reaches, directly above an observer

zenit, najwyższy punkt

zenit, najwyższy punkt

Ex: At noon, the sun reached its zenith, directly overhead. 
eclipse
eclipse
[Rzeczownik]

a period during which the sun or moon is temporarily obscured by the shadow of another celestial body

zaćmienie, przesłonięcie

zaćmienie, przesłonięcie

Ex: We watched the solar eclipse through special protective glasses. 
crescent
crescent
[Rzeczownik]

a curved shape with narrow points at the ends that appears wider in the middle, like the shape of the moon in its first and last quarters

półksiężyc, księżyc w fazie sierpa

półksiężyc, księżyc w fazie sierpa

Ex: The moon hung low in the sky, its slender crescent casting a gentle light. 
full moon
full moon
[Rzeczownik]

the complete and round-shaped moon as seen from the earth

pełnia księżyca, pełny księżyc

pełnia księżyca, pełny księżyc

Ex: The couple decided to take a stroll in the park under the full moon, enjoying a romantic evening. 
half-moon
half-moon
[Rzeczownik]

the moon when only half of its bright surface can be seen from the earth

półksiężyc, księżyc w pierwszej kwadrze

półksiężyc, księżyc w pierwszej kwadrze

Ex: During the evening sky, a captivating half-moon hung just above the horizon. 
new moon
new moon
[Rzeczownik]

the moon when only a small portion of its bright side is visible from the earth

nów, młody księżyc

nów, młody księżyc

Ex: Skywatchers eagerly awaited the appearance of the new moon. 
lunar
lunar
[przymiotnik]

relating to the moon

księżycowy, lunarny

księżycowy, lunarny

Ex: She purchased a lunar calendar to track the phases of the moon. 
to wane
to wane
[Czasownik]

(of the moon) to gradually decrease in its visible illuminated surface as it progresses from full to new moon

ubywać, zmniejszać się

ubywać, zmniejszać się

Ex: The moon began to wane after the full moon. 
to wax
to wax
[Czasownik]

(of the moon) to progressively display a larger illuminated section until it turns into a full moon

przybywać, rosnąć

przybywać, rosnąć

Ex: As the month progressed, the moon began to wax, growing from a thin crescent to a full moon. 
light-year
light-year
[Rzeczownik]

the distance that light travels in a year (about 9.46 trillion kilometers)

rok świetlny, ly

rok świetlny, ly

Ex: Proxima Centauri, the closest star to Earth, is 4.24 light-years away. 
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