Basic Sciences - Astronomia
Study terms related to celestial objects, galaxies, cosmic phenomena, lunar phases, eclipses, and astronomical observation.
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a scientist who studies or observes planets, stars, and other happenings in the universe

astronom
a huge round object that moves in an orbit, around the sun, or any other star

planeta, ciało niebieskie
a planet that is outside the solar system

egzoplaneta, planeta pozasłoneczna
an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

kometa
a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

konstelacja, grupa gwiazd
any of the rocky bodies orbiting the sun, ranging greatly in diameter, also found in large numbers between Jupiter and Mars

asteroida, skaliste ciało niebieskie
a usually small meteor that burns with a bright light when entering the earth's atmosphere

spadająca gwiazda, meteor
an exploding star that as a result is emitting a very large amount of light, more than the sun

supernowa
a natural body in space that moves around the earth or other planets

satelita, księżyc
(astronomy) a small, cool, faint star that is much less massive than the Sun and burns its fuel very slowly
a small, dense, and faint stellar remnant that is left after a medium-sized star exhausts the nuclear fuel in its core and undergoes gravitational collapse

biały karzeł, gwiazda biały karzeł
a place in the space with such high gravity that pulls in everything, even light

czarna dziura, ciemna dziura
(physics) a theoretical tunnel through space-time that could connect two distant points in the universe
very small particles originally derived from stars, serving as raw material for forming planets, and existing between galaxies, stars, and other celestial bodies

pył kosmiczny, pył gwiazdowy
(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

ciemna materia, czarna materia
a large number of star systems bound together by gravitational force

galaktyka
a pale band of light seen in the sky at night that contains the solar system and billions of other stars

Droga Mleczna, Galaktyka
a piece of equipment by which the far objects, particularly those in space, are made clearly visible

teleskop, luneta
the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

korona, zewnętrzna atmosfera Słońca
related to the sun

słoneczny, heliocentryczny
the highest point that a certain celestial body reaches, directly above an observer

zenit, najwyższy punkt
a period during which the sun or moon is temporarily obscured by the shadow of another celestial body

zaćmienie, przesłonięcie
a curved shape with narrow points at the ends that appears wider in the middle, like the shape of the moon in its first and last quarters

półksiężyc, księżyc w fazie sierpa
the complete and round-shaped moon as seen from the earth

pełnia księżyca, pełny księżyc
the moon when only half of its bright surface can be seen from the earth

półksiężyc, księżyc w pierwszej kwadrze
the moon when only a small portion of its bright side is visible from the earth

nów, młody księżyc
relating to the moon

księżycowy, lunarny
(of the moon) to gradually decrease in its visible illuminated surface as it progresses from full to new moon

ubywać, zmniejszać się
(of the moon) to progressively display a larger illuminated section until it turns into a full moon

przybywać, rosnąć
the distance that light travels in a year (about 9.46 trillion kilometers)

rok świetlny, ly
