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Лексика Северной и Центральной Америки - Мексика

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North and Central America Vocabulary
border
border
[существительное]

a line that separates two countries, provinces, or states from each other

граница

граница

Ex: Diplomatic tensions can escalate when disputes arise over the delineation of borders between nations. 
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to surround
to surround
[глагол]

to be around something on all sides

окружать, обступать

окружать, обступать

Ex: The city is surrounded by beautiful countryside. 
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Spanish-speaking
Spanish-speaking
[прилагательное]

describing people or regions where Spanish is the primary language spoken

Говорящий по-испански

Говорящий по-испански

Ex: The Spanish-speaking community in the city is growing rapidly. 
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landscape
landscape
[существительное]

an area of scenery visible in a single view

пейзаж

пейзаж

Ex: The hikers admired the mountain landscape at sunrise. 
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vibrant
vibrant
[прилагательное]

full of energy, enthusiasm, and life

вибрирующий

вибрирующий

Ex: The city was vibrant with activity during the festival. 
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mountain range
mountain range
[существительное]

a group of mountains or hills in a line

горный хребет

горный хребет

Ex: The Himalayas are the highest mountain range in the world. 
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tropical
tropical
[прилагательное]

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

тропический

тропический

Ex: Tropical rainforests are biodiverse ecosystems found near the equator. 
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rainforest
rainforest
[существительное]

‌a thick, tropical forest with tall trees and consistently heavy rainfall

тропический лес

тропический лес

Ex: He spent his vacation hiking through the beautiful rainforest. 
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active
active
[прилагательное]

(of a volcano) currently showing signs of volcanic activity or having the potential to become active soon

активный, действующий

активный, действующий

Ex: Mount Etna is one of the most active volcanoes in Europe, frequently spewing lava and ash. 
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volcano
volcano
[существительное]

a mountain with an opening on its top, from which melted rock and ash can be pushed out into the air

вулкан

вулкан

Ex: The volcano erupted, sending ash into the sky. 
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depending on
depending on
[прилагательное]

being determined by conditions or circumstances that follow

зависящий от, в зависимости от

зависящий от, в зависимости от

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humid
humid
[прилагательное]

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

влажный

влажный

Ex: The humid weather made the air feel heavy and sticky. 
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to attract
to attract
[глагол]

to interest and draw someone or something toward oneself through specific features or qualities

привлекать

привлекать

Ex: The vibrant colors of the flowers attracted butterflies to the garden. 
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visitor
visitor
[существительное]

someone who enters a place, such as a building, city, or website, for a particular purpose

посетитель

посетитель

Ex: The museum welcomed thousands of visitors during the holiday season. 
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sand
sand
[существительное]

a pale brown substance that consists of very small pieces of rock, which is found in deserts, on beaches, etc.

песок

песок

Ex: The children built castles with the soft sand on the beach. 
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diverse
diverse
[прилагательное]

showing a variety of distinct types or qualities

разнообразный

разнообразный

Ex: The team consisted of individuals from diverse backgrounds, bringing a range of experiences and perspectives to the table. 
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civilization
civilization
[существительное]

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

цивилизация

цивилизация

Ex: Ancient Egypt is considered one of the greatest civilizations in history. 
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pyramid
pyramid
[существительное]

a solid with a polygonal base and triangular faces that meet at a single point

пирамида

пирамида

Ex: Students modeled a pyramid using cardboard. 
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temple
temple
[существительное]

a building used for worshiping one or several gods, used by some religious communities, especially Buddhists and Hindus

храм

храм

Ex: They visited the ancient temple to offer prayers and seek blessings. 
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process
process
[существительное]

a specific course of action that is performed in order to accomplish a certain objective

процесс

процесс

Ex: The manufacturing process involves several stages of production. 
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colonization
colonization
[существительное]

the act of taking control of another country and sending people to settle there

колонизация

колонизация

Ex: The colonization of the Americas by European powers began in the 15th century. 
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to gain
to gain
[глагол]

to obtain something through one's own actions or hard work

приобретать

приобретать

Ex: She gained recognition in the industry through years of dedication and innovation. 
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independence
independence
[существительное]

the state of being free from the control of others

независимость

независимость

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
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turning point
turning point
[существительное]

a point at which a drastic change occurs in a situation, especially one that makes it improve

переломный момент, поворотный момент

переломный момент, поворотный момент

Ex: Getting that first big client was the turning point for the company. 
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to [take] time
to take time
[фраза]

to need a significant amount of time to be able to happen, be completed, or achieved

использовать столько времени,  сколько необходимо; не спешить

использовать столько времени, сколько необходимо; не спешить

Ex: Learning a new language can take time, patience, and practice. 
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effort
effort
[существительное]

an attempt to do something, particularly something demanding

попытка

попытка

Ex: Despite her best effort, she couldn't solve the puzzle. 
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blend
blend
[существительное]

a mixture in which different elements are combined evenly

смесь, бленд

смесь, бленд

Ex: The coffee was a rich blend of Arabica and Robusta beans. 
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influence
influence
[существительное]

the ability to affect people or events, particularly through prestige, status, or authority

влияние

влияние

Ex: The lobbyist's influence led to the passing of the new environmental regulations. 
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Day of the Dead
Day of the Dead
[фраза]

a Mexican holiday celebrated to honor and remember deceased loved ones, typically on November 1st and 2nd

Ex: Families prepare altars for the Day of the Dead. 
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to honor
to honor
[глагол]

to show a lot of respect for someone or something

почитать

почитать

Ex: Families may honor their heritage by preserving and passing down cultural traditions. 
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loved one
loved one
[существительное]

a person who one cares deeply about, such as a family member, close friend, or significant other

близкий человек, дорогой человек

близкий человек, дорогой человек

Ex: She spent the holidays with her loved ones. 
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to pass away
to pass away
[глагол]

to no longer be alive

умереть

умереть

Ex: The community mourned when they heard that the beloved teacher had passed away. 
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altar
altar
[существительное]

the table in a church, used for giving communion in Christianity

алтарь

алтарь

Ex: The congregation gathered around the altar for the morning service. 
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to decorate
to decorate
[глагол]

to add beautiful things to something in order to make it look more attractive

украшать

украшать

Ex: During the holiday season, people decorate their homes with colorful lights, wreaths, and ornaments. 
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parade
parade
[существительное]

a public event where people or vehicles orderly move forward, particularly to celebrate a holiday or special day

парад

парад

Ex: The city organized a grand parade for the national holiday. 
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mariachi
mariachi
[существительное]

a group of musicians that perform Mexican folk music in a small group usually consisting of trumpeters, guitarists and violinists dressed in traditional costumes

марьячи

марьячи

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countryside
countryside
[существительное]

the area with farms, fields, and trees, that is outside cities and towns

сельская местность

сельская местность

Ex: They enjoyed taking long walks in the peaceful countryside. 
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to bring together
to bring together
[глагол]

to assist individuals in solving disagreements and becoming closer

соберите вместе

соберите вместе

Ex: His speech aimed to bring the community together for a common cause. 
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worldwide
worldwide
[наречие]

in or to all parts of the world

по всему миру

по всему миру

Ex: The band's latest album was released and sold out worldwide within hours. 
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rich
rich
[прилагательное]

containing a high amount of fat, sugar, or other indulgent ingredients

насыщенный

насыщенный

Ex: The chocolate cake was incredibly rich, with layers of dense chocolate and a generous amount of frosting. 
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sauce
sauce
[существительное]

a flavorful liquid, served with food to give it a particular taste

соус

соус

Ex: My mother made a creamy béchamel sauce for the lasagna. 
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spice
spice
[существительное]

a type of dried plant with a pleasant smell used to add taste or color to the food

специя

специя

Ex: Cinnamon is a versatile spice that can be used in both sweet and savory dishes. 
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natural wonder
natural wonder
[существительное]

a remarkable natural feature or phenomenon that is extraordinary or awe-inspiring

чудо природы, природное явление

чудо природы, природное явление

Ex: The Grand Canyon is considered a natural wonder. 
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canyon
canyon
[существительное]

a valley that is deep and has very steep sides, through which a river is flowing usually

каньон

каньон

Ex: A river runs through the narrow canyon. 
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hiking
hiking
[существительное]

the activity of taking long walks in the countryside or mountains, often for fun

пеший поход

пеший поход

Ex: Hiking is a great way to explore nature and enjoy the fresh air. 
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unforgettable
unforgettable
[прилагательное]

so memorable that being forgotten is impossible

незабываемый

незабываемый

Ex: Their wedding day was an unforgettable celebration filled with love and joy. 
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sight
sight
[существительное]

places that tourists are interested in, particularly those with historical, cultural, or natural significance

туристическое место

туристическое место

Ex: Exploring the sights of a new city is an essential part of experiencing its culture and history firsthand. 
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stunning
stunning
[прилагательное]

causing strong admiration or shock due to beauty or impact

ошеломляющий

ошеломляющий

Ex: The stunning landscape of the countryside was captured in the artist's painting. 
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coral reef
coral reef
[существительное]

a natural underwater structure formed by coral

коралловый риф

коралловый риф

Ex: The coral reef near the island is teeming with colorful fish. 
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nightlife
nightlife
[существительное]

the social activities and entertainment options that take place after dark, typically involving bars, clubs, live music, and other forms of entertainment

ночная жизнь

ночная жизнь

Ex: The city's nightlife offers an array of bars, clubs, and live music venues. 
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democratic
democratic
[прилагательное]

related to or characteristic of a system of government where power comes from the people through free elections and respects individual rights

демократичный

демократичный

Ex: The democratic process allows citizens to participate in decision-making through voting. 
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in times of need
in times of need
[фраза]

during situations when help, support, or assistance is required

Ex: Friends are most valuable in times of need. 
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tiny
tiny
[прилагательное]

extremely small

крошечный

крошечный

Ex: He found a tiny seashell on the beach. 
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hill
hill
[существительное]

a naturally raised area of land that is higher than the land around it, often with a round shape

холм

холм

Ex: From the top of the hill, you can see the whole city. 
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to divide
to divide
[глагол]

to separate or split something into distinct parts or sections

делить, разделять

делить, разделять

Ex: The strong currents of the river threatened to divide the raft, pulling it apart piece by piece. 
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to elect
to elect
[глагол]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

избирать

избирать

Ex: Citizens will elect a new mayor in the upcoming municipal elections. 
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state
state
[существительное]

one of the political areas with limited law-making abilities that together form a federal country, like those of Germany or the US

штат

штат

Ex: California is the most populous state in the United States, known for its diverse culture and economy. 
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gathering
gathering
[существительное]

a meeting, especially one with a particular purpose

собрание

собрание

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