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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Académico - Prueba 4 - Lectura - Pasaje 3 (1)

Learn vocabulary from the first part of Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic, Test 4 Reading Passage 3, with useful words and expressions from the text.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
exploration
exploration
[Sustantivo]

a careful systematic search

exploración, búsqueda sistemática

exploración, búsqueda sistemática

continental drift
continental drift
[Sustantivo]

the gradual movement and formation of continents (as described by plate tectonics)

deriva continental, movimiento continental

deriva continental, movimiento continental

reputation
reputation
[Sustantivo]

the general opinion that the public has about someone or something because of what they did in the past

reputación, fama

reputación, fama

Ex: The restaurant's reputation for delicious food and friendly service attracted many new customers. 

La reputación del restaurante por su deliciosa comida y servicio amable atrajo a muchos clientes nuevos.

continental
continental
[Adjetivo]

originating from to relating to the large landmasses on Earth's surface known as continents

continental

continental

Ex: Continental crust is thicker and less dense than oceanic crust. 

La corteza continental es más gruesa y menos densa que la corteza oceánica.

displacement
displacement
[Sustantivo]

an event in which something is displaced without rotation

desplazamiento, traslación

desplazamiento, traslación

to propose
to propose
[Verbo]

to put forward a suggestion, plan, or idea for consideration

proponer

proponer

Ex: She proposed a topic for her research project, hoping to investigate the relationship between social media usage and mental health. 

Ella propuso un tema para su proyecto de investigación, con la esperanza de investigar la relación entre el uso de las redes sociales y la salud mental.

extensively
extensively
[Adverbio]

over a large area or covering a wide range of subjects, places, or people

ampliamente, extensivamente

ampliamente, extensivamente

Ex: The wildlife has been studied extensively in its natural habitat. 

La vida silvestre ha sido estudiada extensivamente en su hábitat natural.

origin
origin
[Sustantivo]

the point or place where something has its foundation or beginning

origen

origen

Ex: The origin of the word can be found in Latin. 

El origen de la palabra se puede encontrar en latín.

controversy
controversy
[Sustantivo]

a strong disagreement or argument over something that involves many people

controversia

controversia

Ex: The film's portrayal of historical events caused significant controversy. 

La representación de los eventos históricos en la película causó una controversia significativa.

lifetime
lifetime
[Sustantivo]

the entire duration of a person's life, from birth to death, or the duration of existence of something in general

vida, tiempo de vida

vida, tiempo de vida

Ex: This watch is designed to last a lifetime. 

Este reloj está diseñado para durar toda una vida.

to suppose
to suppose
[Verbo]

to assume or accept something as true or necessary for the sake of argument, explanation, or theory

suponer, asumir

suponer, asumir

Ex: For this hypothesis to work, we suppose that all participants have equal knowledge. 

Para que esta hipótesis funcione, suponemos que todos los participantes tienen el mismo conocimiento.

laterally
laterally
[Adverbio]

in a direction that is sideways or to the side

lateralmente

lateralmente

Ex: The skier carved laterally down the slope, making graceful turns. 

El esquiador se deslizó lateralmente por la pendiente, haciendo giros elegantes.

plausible
plausible
[Adjetivo]

seeming believable or reasonable enough to be considered true

convincente

convincente

Ex: Her excuses for being late seemed plausible, considering the heavy traffic and inclement weather. 

Sus excusas por llegar tarde parecían plausibles, considerando el tráfico pesado y el clima adverso.

evidence
evidence
[Sustantivo]

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

prueba, comprobación

prueba, comprobación

Ex: Before drawing conclusions, it's important to carefully evaluate all available evidence and consider alternative explanations. 

Antes de sacar conclusiones, es importante evaluar cuidadosamente todas las pruebas disponibles y considerar explicaciones alternativas.

geology
geology
[Sustantivo]

a field of science that studies the structure of the earth and its history

geología

geología

Ex: Studying geology reveals the history of our planet, from the formation of continents to the evolution of life. 

El estudio de la geología revela la historia de nuestro planeta, desde la formación de los continentes hasta la evolución de la vida.

geophysics
geophysics
[Sustantivo]

the branch of science that deals with the physical properties and processes of the Earth, including the behavior of its solid matter, the atmosphere, and the magnetic and gravitational fields

geofísica, ciencia de la Tierra física

geofísica, ciencia de la Tierra física

Ex: Satellite technology aids geophysics research by monitoring changes in the Earth's gravitational field. 

La tecnología satelital ayuda a la investigación en geofísica al monitorear los cambios en el campo gravitacional de la Tierra.

paleontology
paleontology
[Sustantivo]

the branch of science that studies fossils

paleontología

paleontología

Ex: The university offers a paleontology course that covers the study of fossils, evolutionary biology, and ancient ecosystems. 

La universidad ofrece un curso de paleontología que cubre el estudio de fósiles, la biología evolutiva y los ecosistemas antiguos.

climatology
climatology
[Sustantivo]

the scientific study of climates, including long-term patterns of temperature, humidity, wind, and other atmospheric conditions

climatología, estudio de los climas

climatología, estudio de los climas

Ex: Understanding climatology is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change. 

Comprender la climatología es crucial para desarrollar estrategias que mitiguen los efectos del cambio climático.

namely
namely
[Adverbio]

used to give more specific information or examples regarding what has just been mentioned

a saber, concretamente

a saber, concretamente

Ex: The team focused on three key areas, namely innovation, collaboration, and customer satisfaction. 

El equipo se centró en tres áreas clave, a saber, innovación, colaboración y satisfacción del cliente.

plate tectonics
plate tectonics
[Sustantivo]

the branch of geology studying the folding and faulting of the earth's crust

tectónica de placas, tectónica global

tectónica de placas, tectónica global

respect
respect
[Sustantivo]

a particular detail, feature, or aspect of something

aspecto, detalle

aspecto, detalle

Ex: In some respects, the new plan is better than the old one. 

En algunos aspectos, el nuevo plan es mejor que el antiguo.

proposal
proposal
[Sustantivo]

something suggested or put forward for consideration, such as an idea, plan, or assumption

oferta

oferta

Ex: A new proposal for the office layout was submitted. 

Se presentó una nueva propuesta para la distribución de la oficina.

evolutionary
evolutionary
[Adjetivo]

related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

evolutivo

evolutivo

Ex: The evolutionary history of humans traces back millions of years to ancestral primates. 

La historia evolutiva de los humanos se remonta millones de años atrás a los primates ancestrales.

evolution
evolution
[Sustantivo]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

evolución

evolución

Ex: The study of evolution helps scientists understand the diversity of life on Earth and how organisms are interconnected through common ancestry. 

El estudio de la evolución ayuda a los científicos a comprender la diversidad de la vida en la Tierra y cómo los organismos están interconectados a través de un ancestro común.

natural selection
natural selection
[Sustantivo]

a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment

selección natural

selección natural

intriguing
intriguing
[Adjetivo]

arousing interest and curiosity due to being strange or mysterious

fascinante

fascinante

Ex: She found the stranger's enigmatic smile intriguing, wondering what secrets it concealed. 

Encontró la sonrisa enigmática del extraño intrigante, preguntándose qué secretos ocultaba.

to come up with

to create something, usually an idea, a solution, or a plan, through one's own efforts or thinking

idear

idear

Ex: I am trying to come up with a new marketing strategy for the company. 

Estoy intentando elaborar una nueva estrategia de marketing para la empresa.

geologist
geologist
[Sustantivo]

a scientist who studies the Earth's structure, composition, processes, and history, including rocks, minerals, fossils, and geological phenomena

geólogo, científico especializado en geología

geólogo, científico especializado en geología

Ex: A career as a geologist often involves fieldwork in remote and challenging environments. 

Una carrera como geólogo a menudo implica trabajo de campo en entornos remotos y desafiantes.

astronomer
astronomer
[Sustantivo]

a scientist who studies or observes planets, stars, and other happenings in the universe

astrónomo

astrónomo

Ex: She became an astronomer because of her fascination with the mysteries of the cosmos. 

Se convirtió en astrónoma debido a su fascinación por los misterios del cosmos.

to [pursue] a career

to engage in an occupation as a way of earning money

Ex: She is determined to pursue a successful career in marketing. 
atmospheric
atmospheric
[Adjetivo]

having a connection to or originating in the Earth's atmosphere

atmosférico

atmosférico

Ex: Scientists study atmospheric chemistry to understand the composition of gases in the Earth's atmosphere. 

Los científicos estudian la química atmosférica para comprender la composición de los gases en la atmósfera de la Tierra.

lecturer
lecturer
[Sustantivo]

a person who teaches courses at a college or university, often with a focus on undergraduate education, but who does not hold the rank of professor

profesor de universidad, profesor

profesor de universidad, profesor

Ex: The new lecturer is introducing innovative teaching methods to the students. 

El nuevo conferenciante está introduciendo métodos de enseñanza innovadores a los estudiantes.

astronomy
astronomy
[Sustantivo]

a branch of science that studies space, planets, etc.

astronomía

astronomía

Ex: Historical records show how ancient civilizations used astronomy to develop calendars and navigate across oceans. 

Los registros históricos muestran cómo las civilizaciones antiguas usaban la astronomía para desarrollar calendarios y navegar a través de los océanos.

aloft
aloft
[Adverbio]

up in or into the air

en el aire

en el aire

Ex: The hot air balloon soared aloft, providing a breathtaking view of the landscape. 

El globo aerostático se elevó en el aire, proporcionando una vista impresionante del paisaje.

publicized
publicized
[Adjetivo]

made known; especially made widely known

publicitado, divulgado

publicitado, divulgado

expedition
expedition
[Sustantivo]

a journey carefully organized for a specific purpose, such as exploration or research

expedición

expedición

Ex: Equipment was loaded for the scientific expedition. 

El equipo fue cargado para la expedición científica.

to [make] a name for {oneself}

to become well-known or respected in a particular field or area through one's achievements or actions

hacerse un nombre, ganarse una reputación

hacerse un nombre, ganarse una reputación

Ex: Many athletes move abroad to make a name for themselves. 

Muchos atletas se mudan al extranjero para hacerse un nombre.

circle
circle
[Sustantivo]

an unofficial association of people or groups

círculo, grupo

círculo, grupo

meteorologist
meteorologist
[Sustantivo]

a scientist who studies and predicts weather conditions by analyzing atmospheric patterns, utilizing tools such as weather models, instruments, and data to provide forecasts and weather-related information

meteorólogo, pronosticador

meteorólogo, pronosticador

Ex: The meteorologist uses satellites to track hurricanes as they form. 

El meteorólogo utiliza satélites para rastrear huracanes a medida que se forman.

physicist
physicist
[Sustantivo]

an individual who is trained in physics

físico

físico

thermodynamics
thermodynamics
[Sustantivo]

the branch of physical science that deals with the relationships between heat, work, and energy, particularly the principles governing the conversion of various forms of energy

termodinámica

termodinámica

Ex: The second law of thermodynamics introduces the concept of entropy, indicating that natural processes tend to increase disorder in a closed system. 

La segunda ley de la termodinámica introduce el concepto de entropía, indicando que los procesos naturales tienden a aumentar el desorden en un sistema cerrado.

scientific paper
scientific paper
[Sustantivo]

a written report that describes original research or findings on a particular scientific topic and is published in a scientific journal or conference proceedings

artículo científico, publicación científica

artículo científico, publicación científica

largely
largely
[Adverbio]

for the greatest part

en gran parte

en gran parte

Ex: Our findings were largely consistent with previous research. 

Nuestros hallazgos fueron en gran medida consistentes con investigaciones anteriores.

sideline
sideline
[Sustantivo]

an auxiliary activity

actividad secundaria, ocupación accesoria

actividad secundaria, ocupación accesoria

paleoclimatology
paleoclimatology
[Sustantivo]

the study of the climate of past ages

paleoclimatología, estudio del clima de épocas pasadas

paleoclimatología, estudio del clima de épocas pasadas

to [be] at pains

try very hard to do something

extent
extent
[Sustantivo]

the point or degree to which something extends

extensión, grado

extensión, grado

treatment
treatment
[Sustantivo]

the manner or method of managing or dealing with something or someone

tratamiento, manera de manejar

tratamiento, manera de manejar

Ex: Proper treatment of the data ensured accurate results in the scientific study. 

El tratamiento adecuado de los datos aseguró resultados precisos en el estudio científico.

detailed
detailed
[Adjetivo]

including many specific elements or pieces of information

detallado

detallado

Ex: Her instructions for assembling the furniture were very detailed, with step-by-step illustrations. 

Sus instrucciones para ensamblar los muebles eran muy detalladas, con ilustraciones paso a paso.

to devote
to devote
[Verbo]

to set aside a specific amount of time or space to discuss or focus on a topic

dedicar, consagrar

dedicar, consagrar

Ex: The book devotes several chapters to the author’s early life. 

El libro dedica varios capítulos a los primeros años del autor.

reception
reception
[Sustantivo]

the way in which something is perceived or received by others, often referring to the response or reaction to an idea, message, or product

acogida, recepción

acogida, recepción

Ex: The new policy faced a cold reception from employees. 

La nueva política recibió una recepción fría por parte de los empleados.

controversial
controversial
[Adjetivo]

causing a lot of strong public disagreement or discussion

controvertido

controvertido

Ex: The controversial film explored sensitive social issues, prompting both praise and criticism from viewers. 

La película controvertida exploró temas sociales sensibles, provocando tanto elogios como críticas por parte de los espectadores.

to pursue
to pursue
[Verbo]

to actively engage in or carry out a specific activity or endeavor

perseguir, ejercer

perseguir, ejercer

Ex: Alice decided to pursue a postgraduate degree to specialize in her field of interest. 

Alice decidió perseguir un título de posgrado para especializarse en su campo de interés.

line
line
[Sustantivo]

a sequence of related events, actions, or developments

serie, sucesión

serie, sucesión

Ex: The product followed a line of improvements over years. 

El producto siguió una línea de mejoras a lo largo de los años.

to pick up
to pick up
[Verbo]

to resume something, a story, activity, or relationship

retomar, continuar

retomar, continuar

Ex: We paused our project due to lack of funds, but as soon as we secure more investment, we'll pick it up from where we left off. 

Pausamos nuestro proyecto por falta de fondos, pero tan pronto como consigamos más inversión, lo retomaremos desde donde lo dejamos.

guidepost
guidepost
[Sustantivo]

a rule or principle that provides guidance to appropriate behavior

principio rector, norma de conducta

principio rector, norma de conducta

Ex: She used past experience as a guidepost when choosing a supplier. 
rapidly
rapidly
[Adverbio]

in a way that is very quick and often unexpected

rápidamente

rápidamente

Ex: The athlete ran rapidly to break the record. 

El atleta corrió rápidamente para romper el récord.

shifting
shifting
[Adjetivo]

continuously varying

cambiante, variable

cambiante, variable

to characterize

to describe the qualities of someone or something in a certain manner

calificar

calificar

Ex: The journalist characterized the political candidate as charismatic and eloquent. 

El periodista caracterizó al candidato político como carismático y elocuente.

to reflect
to reflect
[Verbo]

to show a particular quality, characteristic, or emotion

reflejar, mostrar

reflejar, mostrar

Ex: Their music reflects the traditions of their culture. 

Su música refleja las tradiciones de su cultura.

descendant
descendant
[Sustantivo]

something that has developed from an earlier thing and still shows some connection to its original form or design

descendiente, heredero

descendiente, heredero

Ex: This musical style is a descendant of early blues. 

Esta herramienta es un descendiente de equipos agrícolas más antiguos.

index
index
[Sustantivo]

an alphabetical listing of topics, names, or terms with references to their locations, typically in a book or document

índice

índice

Ex: The index lists all the authors cited in the text. 

El índice enumera todos los autores citados en el texto.

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