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Słownictwo Ameryki Północnej i Środkowej - Kuba

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North and Central America Vocabulary
island
island
[Rzeczownik]

a piece of land surrounded by water

wyspa, wysepka

wyspa, wysepka

Ex: I collected seashells as souvenirs from the beautiful island. 
landscape
landscape
[Rzeczownik]

an area of scenery visible in a single view

krajobraz, panorama

krajobraz, panorama

Ex: The hikers admired the mountain landscape at sunrise. 
interesting
interesting
[przymiotnik]

catching and keeping our attention because of being unusual, exciting, etc.

interesujący, fascynujący

interesujący, fascynujący

Ex: The museum had many interesting exhibits. 

W muzeum było wiele ciekawych eksponatów.

tropical
tropical
[przymiotnik]

of, relating to, or characteristic of the hot regions around the equator

tropikalny,  zwrotnikowy

tropikalny, zwrotnikowy

Ex: Daniel packed plenty of sunscreen for his tropical vacation. 
lively
lively
[przymiotnik]

full of activity, excitement, and energy

żywiołowy, tętniący życiem

żywiołowy, tętniący życiem

Ex: The town square is especially lively during the summer. 
native
native
[przymiotnik]

relating to the people who originally lived in a particular place before others arrived or settled there

rdzenny

rdzenny

Ex: The book examines the history of the island's native population. 
colony
colony
[Rzeczownik]

a country or territory politically controlled by another, more powerful country

kolonia

kolonia

Ex: Many former colonies became independent during the twentieth century. 
to grow
to grow
[Czasownik]

to cause a plant to develop and give fruit or flowers

uprawiać, hodować

uprawiać, hodować

Ex: She grows beautiful roses in her garden. 
slave
slave
[Rzeczownik]

a person who is legally owned by another person and forced to work without personal freedom

niewolnik,  niewolnica

niewolnik, niewolnica

Ex: The law eventually prohibited people from being held as slaves. 
to fight
to fight
[Czasownik]

to take part in a violent physical action against someone

walczyć, bić się

walczyć, bić się

Ex: The soldiers bravely fought on the front lines during the war. 
independence
independence
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being free from the control of others

niepodległość, autonomia

niepodległość, autonomia

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
revolutionary
revolutionary
[Rzeczownik]

a person who supports, advocates, or takes part in a political or social revolution

rewolucjonista,  rewolucjonistka

rewolucjonista, rewolucjonistka

Ex: The revolutionaries demanded major changes to the existing system. 
to gain
to gain
[Czasownik]

to obtain something through one's own actions or hard work

zdobywać, uzyskiwać

zdobywać, uzyskiwać

Ex: She gained recognition in the industry through years of dedication and innovation. 
cuban revolution
cuban revolution
[Rzeczownik]

the revolution led by Fidel Castro and a small band of guerrilla fighters against a corrupt dictatorship in Cuba; 1956-1959

rewolucja kubańska,  rewolucja kubańska 1959 roku

rewolucja kubańska, rewolucja kubańska 1959 roku

socialist
socialist
[przymiotnik]

related to a system where resources are collectively owned and distributed equally among citizens

socjalistyczny

socjalistyczny

Ex: The socialist government implemented policies aimed at reducing income inequality and providing social welfare programs. 
state
state
[Rzeczownik]

a country under the control of one government

państwo, naród

państwo, naród

Ex: The United States is a powerful state with significant influence in global politics and economics. 
cold war
cold war
[Rzeczownik]

a state of political hostility that existed from 1945 until 1990 between countries led by the Soviet Union and countries led by the United States

zimna wojna, konflikt pośredni

zimna wojna, konflikt pośredni

nuclear
nuclear
[przymiotnik]

describing weapons that are powered by the energy produced either from nuclear fission or a combination of fusion and fission reactions

jądrowy, atomowy

jądrowy, atomowy

Ex: The military keeps its nuclear arsenal under strict control to avoid misuse. 

Wojsko utrzymuje swój arsenał jądrowy pod ścisłą kontrolą, aby uniknąć nadużyć.

missile
missile
[Rzeczownik]

a self-propelled weapon launched through the air toward a target, typically carrying an explosive charge

pocisk

pocisk

Ex: The missile failed to reach its intended target. 
stand-off
stand-off
[Rzeczownik]

a situation in which reaching an agreement seems impossible

impas, konfrontacja

impas, konfrontacja

Ex: The stand-off between the two rival gangs escalated, leading to a standoff with the police. 

Impas między dwiema rywalizującymi gangami zaostrzył się, prowadząc do konfrontacji z policją.

salsa
salsa
[Rzeczownik]

a Latin dance with rhythmic movements, intricate footwork, and hip movements, typically danced in pairs to salsa music

salsa, taniec salsa

salsa, taniec salsa

rumba
rumba
[Rzeczownik]

a slow, sensual Latin dance with hip movements, originating in Cuba

rumba, taniec rumba

rumba, taniec rumba

Ex: The music shifted into a soft rumba rhythm. 

Muzyka przeszła w miękki rytm rumba.

mambo
mambo
[Rzeczownik]

a lively Afro-Cuban dance with syncopated steps and rhythmic hip movements

mambo, taniec mambo

mambo, taniec mambo

Ex: The band played a classic mambo tune. 

Zespół zagrał klasyczny utwór mambo.

rhythm
rhythm
[Rzeczownik]

a repeated pattern of beats or sounds in music

rytm,  rytmika

rytm, rytmika

Ex: Daniel struggled to follow the complicated rhythm on the drums. 
club
club
[Rzeczownik]

a place where people, especially young people, go to dance, listen to music, or spend time together

klub nocny,  klub

klub nocny, klub

Ex: He likes to dance, so he often visits the club near his apartment. 
talented
talented
[przymiotnik]

possessing a natural skill or ability for something

utalentowany, uzdolniony

utalentowany, uzdolniony

Ex: The talented writer crafts engaging stories that captivate readers from beginning to end. 

Utalentowany pisarz tworzy wciągające historie, które fascynują czytelników od początku do końca.

tropical
tropical
[przymiotnik]

(of weather or climate) very hot and humid, often with heavy rainfall

tropikalny,  tropikalna

tropikalny, tropikalna

Ex: After the rain, the air felt almost tropical. 
plain
plain
[Rzeczownik]

a vast area of flat land

równina, płaskowyż

równina, płaskowyż

Ex: The Great Plains in the United States stretch for miles, offering a stunning view of endless flatlands. 
rebel
rebel
[Rzeczownik]

a person who fights against an established government or ruling authority

rebeliant,  buntownik

rebeliant, buntownik

Ex: Negotiators met with representatives of the rebels. 
national park
national park
[Rzeczownik]

an area under the protection of a government, where people can visit, for its wildlife, beauty, or historical sights

park narodowy, rezerwat przyrody

park narodowy, rezerwat przyrody

Ex: Visitors are required to follow strict rules in the national park. 

Odwiedzający są zobowiązani do przestrzegania surowych zasad w parku narodowym.

wildlife
wildlife
[Rzeczownik]

wild animals living freely in their natural environment, considered collectively

Ex: The rescue center cares for wildlife injured during forest fires. 
rare
rare
[przymiotnik]

found only in small numbers so considered interesting or valuable

rzadki, cenny

rzadki, cenny

Ex: The auction featured a rare painting by the artist, one of only a few still known to exist. 
hiking
hiking
[Rzeczownik]

the activity of taking long walks in the countryside or mountains, often for fun

wędrówka, trekking

wędrówka, trekking

Ex: She joined a hiking group to meet like-minded individuals and discover new trails. 
street food
street food
[Rzeczownik]

ready-to-eat food or beverages that are sold by vendors in public places

jedzenie uliczne, street food

jedzenie uliczne, street food

churro
churro
[Rzeczownik]

a Spanish or Mexican fried dough pastry, typically in the shape of a long, ridged stick

churro, hiszpańskie pączki

churro, hiszpańskie pączki

to face
to face
[Czasownik]

to deal with a given situation, especially an unpleasant one

zmierzyć się,  stawić czoła

zmierzyć się, stawić czoła

Ex: Employees often face challenges in adapting to new workplace policies. 
challenge
challenge
[Rzeczownik]

a difficult and new task that puts one's skill, ability, and determination to the test

wyzwanie

wyzwanie

Ex: Overcoming that obstacle was a significant challenge for the team. 
trade embargo
trade embargo
[Rzeczownik]

a government order imposing a trade barrier

embargo handlowe, zakaz handlu

embargo handlowe, zakaz handlu

resource
resource
[Rzeczownik]

(usually plural) a country's gas, oil, trees, etc. that are considered valuable and therefore can be sold to gain wealth

zasób, bogactwo naturalne

zasób, bogactwo naturalne

Ex: The country's natural resources include oil, natural gas, and minerals. 
to attract
to attract
[Czasownik]

to interest and draw someone or something toward oneself through specific features or qualities

przyciągać, pociągać

przyciągać, pociągać

Ex: The vibrant colors of the flowers attracted butterflies to the garden. 
economy
economy
[Rzeczownik]

the system in which money, goods, and services are produced or distributed within a country or region

gospodarka

gospodarka

Ex: The country's economy grew rapidly due to investments in technology and infrastructure. 
cigar
cigar
[Rzeczownik]

a roll of tobacco for smoking

cygaro, cygaro

cygaro, cygaro

to pass down
to pass down
[Czasownik]

to transfer something to the next generation or another person

przekazać coś następnemu pokoleniu lub innej osobie, przekazać coś komuś w spadku

przekazać coś następnemu pokoleniu lub innej osobie, przekazać coś komuś w spadku

Ex: My dad passed this watch down to me. 

Mój ojciec przekazał mi ten zegarek.

generation
generation
[Rzeczownik]

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

pokolenie, pokolenie

pokolenie, pokolenie

Ex: The older generation often reminisces about life before smartphones became ubiquitous. 
significance
significance
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being important or worthy of attention

znaczenie, waga

znaczenie, waga

Ex: The significance of her research cannot be understated in the field of medicine. 
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