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Słownictwo Ameryki Północnej i Środkowej - Kuba

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North and Central America Vocabulary
island
island
[Rzeczownik]

a piece of land surrounded by water

wyspa, wysepka

wyspa, wysepka

Ex: I collected seashells as souvenirs from the beautiful island. 
landscape
landscape
[Rzeczownik]

an area of scenery visible in a single view

krajobraz, panorama

krajobraz, panorama

Ex: The hikers admired the mountain landscape at sunrise. 
interesting
interesting
[przymiotnik]

catching and keeping our attention because of being unusual, exciting, etc.

interesujący, fascynujący

interesujący, fascynujący

Ex: I read an interesting article about space exploration in the newspaper. 
tropical
tropical
[przymiotnik]

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

tropikalny, równikowy

tropikalny, równikowy

Ex: Tropical rainforests are biodiverse ecosystems found near the equator. 
lively
lively
[przymiotnik]

(of a place or atmosphere) full of excitement and energy

ożywiony, energiczny

ożywiony, energiczny

Ex: She loved the lively atmosphere at the outdoor market. 
native
native
[przymiotnik]

describing the people who have lived in an area for a very long time

rdzenny, autochtoniczny

rdzenny, autochtoniczny

Ex: Native Hawaiians have a unique cultural identity and deep spiritual connection to the islands, which they have called home for centuries. 
colony
colony
[Rzeczownik]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

kolonia, terytorium pod kontrolą

kolonia, terytorium pod kontrolą

to grow
to grow
[Czasownik]

to cause a plant to develop and give fruit or flowers

uprawiać, hodować

uprawiać, hodować

Ex: She grows beautiful roses in her garden. 
slave
slave
[Rzeczownik]

a person who is owned by someone

niewolnik, sługa

niewolnik, sługa

to fight
to fight
[Czasownik]

to take part in a violent physical action against someone

walczyć, bić się

walczyć, bić się

Ex: The soldiers bravely fought on the front lines during the war. 
independence
independence
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being free from the control of others

niepodległość, autonomia

niepodległość, autonomia

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
revolutionary
revolutionary
[Rzeczownik]

a person who actively supports or participates in a political or social revolution

rewolucjonista, powstaniec

rewolucjonista, powstaniec

Ex: The revolutionary led protests against the government. 
to gain
to gain
[Czasownik]

to obtain something through one's own actions or hard work

zdobywać, uzyskiwać

zdobywać, uzyskiwać

Ex: She gained recognition in the industry through years of dedication and innovation. 
cuban revolution
cuban revolution
[Rzeczownik]

the revolution led by Fidel Castro and a small band of guerrilla fighters against a corrupt dictatorship in Cuba; 1956-1959

socialist
socialist
[przymiotnik]

related to a system where resources are collectively owned and distributed equally among citizens

socjalistyczny

socjalistyczny

Ex: The socialist government implemented policies aimed at reducing income inequality and providing social welfare programs. 
state
state
[Rzeczownik]

a country under the control of one government

państwo, naród

państwo, naród

Ex: The United States is a powerful state with significant influence in global politics and economics. 
cold war
cold war
[Rzeczownik]

a state of political hostility that existed from 1945 until 1990 between countries led by the Soviet Union and countries led by the United States

zimna wojna, konflikt pośredni

zimna wojna, konflikt pośredni

nuclear
nuclear
[przymiotnik]

describing weapons that are powered by the energy produced either from nuclear fission or a combination of fusion and fission reactions

jądrowy, atomowy

jądrowy, atomowy

Ex: The country tested a new nuclear bomb that caused global concern. 
missile
missile
[Rzeczownik]

a weapon that carries explosives and can be guided to strike a distant target

pocisk, rakieta

pocisk, rakieta

Ex: The army launched a missile at the enemy base. 
stand-off
stand-off
[Rzeczownik]

a situation in which reaching an agreement seems impossible

impas, konfrontacja

impas, konfrontacja

Ex: The negotiation turned into a stand-off after both sides refused to compromise. 
salsa
salsa
[Rzeczownik]

a Latin dance with rhythmic movements, intricate footwork, and hip movements, typically danced in pairs to salsa music

salsa, taniec salsa

salsa, taniec salsa

rumba
rumba
[Rzeczownik]

a slow, sensual Latin dance with hip movements, originating in Cuba

rumba, taniec rumba

rumba, taniec rumba

Ex: They danced a romantic rumba at the competition. 
mambo
mambo
[Rzeczownik]

a lively Afro-Cuban dance with syncopated steps and rhythmic hip movements

mambo, taniec mambo

mambo, taniec mambo

Ex: They danced the mambo to upbeat Cuban music. 
rhythm
rhythm
[Rzeczownik]

a strong repeated pattern of musical notes or sounds

rytm, tak

rytm, tak

Ex: She clapped along with the rhythm of the music. 
club
club
[Rzeczownik]

a place where people, especially young people, go to dance, listen to music, or spend time together

klub nocny,  klub

klub nocny, klub

Ex: He likes to dance, so he often visits the club near his apartment. 
talented
talented
[przymiotnik]

possessing a natural skill or ability for something

utalentowany, uzdolniony

utalentowany, uzdolniony

Ex: She is a talented dancer, known for her grace and precision on stage. 
tropical
tropical
[przymiotnik]

(of the weather) very warm, humid, and often accompanied by frequent rainfall

tropikalny

tropikalny

Ex: The tropical climate of Hawaii attracts tourists year-round. 
plain
plain
[Rzeczownik]

a vast area of flat land

równina, płaskowyż

równina, płaskowyż

Ex: The Great Plains in the United States stretch for miles, offering a stunning view of endless flatlands. 
rebel
rebel
[Rzeczownik]

a person who rises or fights against established authority, often to bring about change or reform

buntownik, powstaniec

buntownik, powstaniec

Ex: Rebels stormed the city to challenge the government. 
national park
national park
[Rzeczownik]

an area under the protection of a government, where people can visit, for its wildlife, beauty, or historical sights

park narodowy, rezerwat przyrody

park narodowy, rezerwat przyrody

Ex: The family spent their vacation hiking in a national park. 
wildlife
wildlife
[Rzeczownik]

all wild animals, considered as a whole, living in the natural environment

dzika przyroda, fauna

dzika przyroda, fauna

Ex: The national park is home to a variety of wildlife, including bears and wolves. 
rare
rare
[przymiotnik]

found only in small numbers so considered interesting or valuable

rzadki, cenny

rzadki, cenny

Ex: The museum displayed rare artifacts from ancient civilizations, each considered priceless due to their scarcity. 
hiking
hiking
[Rzeczownik]

the activity of taking long walks in the countryside or mountains, often for fun

wędrówka, trekking

wędrówka, trekking

Ex: Hiking is a great way to explore nature and enjoy the fresh air. 
street food
street food
[Rzeczownik]

ready-to-eat food or beverages that are sold by vendors in public places

jedzenie uliczne, street food

jedzenie uliczne, street food

churro
churro
[Rzeczownik]

a Spanish or Mexican fried dough pastry, typically in the shape of a long, ridged stick

churro, hiszpańskie pączki

churro, hiszpańskie pączki

to face
to face
[Czasownik]

to deal with a given situation, especially an unpleasant one

zmierzyć się,  stawić czoła

zmierzyć się, stawić czoła

Ex: Employees often face challenges in adapting to new workplace policies. 
challenge
challenge
[Rzeczownik]

a difficult and new task that puts one's skill, ability, and determination to the test

wyzwanie

wyzwanie

Ex: Overcoming that obstacle was a significant challenge for the team. 
trade embargo
trade embargo
[Rzeczownik]

a government order imposing a trade barrier

embargo handlowe, zakaz handlu

embargo handlowe, zakaz handlu

resource
resource
[Rzeczownik]

(usually plural) a country's gas, oil, trees, etc. that are considered valuable and therefore can be sold to gain wealth

zasób, bogactwo naturalne

zasób, bogactwo naturalne

Ex: The country's natural resources include oil, natural gas, and minerals. 
to attract
to attract
[Czasownik]

to interest and draw someone or something toward oneself through specific features or qualities

przyciągać, pociągać

przyciągać, pociągać

Ex: The vibrant colors of the flowers attracted butterflies to the garden. 
economy
economy
[Rzeczownik]

the system in which money, goods, and services are produced or distributed within a country or region

gospodarka

gospodarka

Ex: The country's economy grew rapidly due to investments in technology and infrastructure. 
cigar
cigar
[Rzeczownik]

a roll of tobacco for smoking

cygaro, cygaro

cygaro, cygaro

to pass down
to pass down
[Czasownik]

to transfer something to the next generation or another person

przekazać, przekazywać

przekazać, przekazywać

Ex: My grandmother passed down this quilt to me, and I plan to pass it down to my daughter. 
generation
generation
[Rzeczownik]

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

pokolenie, pokolenie

pokolenie, pokolenie

Ex: The older generation often reminisces about life before smartphones became ubiquitous. 
significance
significance
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being important or worthy of attention

znaczenie, waga

znaczenie, waga

Ex: The significance of her research cannot be understated in the field of medicine. 
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