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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS Academic (Skóre 6-7) - Chemistry

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s chemií, která jsou nezbytná pro zkoušku Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
solution
[Podstatné jméno]

a mixture of different liquids

roztok, směs

roztok, směs

Ex: Chemists often solutions to understand how different substances interact .
solvent
[Podstatné jméno]

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

rozpouštědlo, rozpouštějící látka

rozpouštědlo, rozpouštějící látka

Ex: Water is the universal solvent, capable of dissolving more substances like salt and sugar than any other liquid.
periodic table
[Podstatné jméno]

a tabular arrangement of chemical elements organized based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties

periodická tabulka, tabulka prvků

periodická tabulka, tabulka prvků

Ex: periodic table is a valuable tool for predicting the chemical behavior of elements and understanding their relationships .
isotope
[Podstatné jméno]

each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, leading to variation in atomic mass

izotop, izotopy

izotop, izotopy

Ex: Isotopes play a crucial role in understanding nuclear reactions , radiometric dating , and various applications in science and technology .
halogen
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of chemical element found in Group 17 of the periodic table, known for being highly reactive and commonly used in disinfectants and lights

halogen, halogenový prvek

halogen, halogenový prvek

Ex: halogens share common properties such as high electronegativity and the ability to gain an electron to achieve a stable electron configuration .
noble gas
[Podstatné jméno]

any of the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table, including helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, characterized by their inert nature and stable electron configurations

noble plyn, vzácný plyn

noble plyn, vzácný plyn

Ex: noble gas configuration is characterized by a full outer electron shell , contributing to the stability and lack of reactivity .
emulsion
[Podstatné jméno]

a mixture of two liquids where tiny droplets of one are evenly dispersed in the other, like oil in water

emulze, emulsion

emulze, emulsion

Ex: Butter is emulsion of water in fat , formed through the churning of cream , breaking down fat globules and dispersing them in the water phase .
half-life
[Podstatné jméno]

the time required for half of a quantity of a substance to undergo a change or decay, typically in the context of radioactive decay or chemical reactions

poločas, poločas přeměny

poločas, poločas přeměny

Ex: The concept half-life is applicable in fields such as pharmacology , geology , physics , and environmental science .
radioactivity
[Podstatné jméno]

the emission of ionizing radiation or particles caused by the spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei in radioactive substances

radioaktivita, radioaktivní záření

radioaktivita, radioaktivní záření

Ex: Neutrons produced in nuclear reactions can radioactivity in materials through neutron activation .
depleted uranium
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of uranium that has most of its more radioactive isotopes removed, primarily used for armor-piercing ammunition and shielding

odkysličený uran, depletovaný uran

odkysličený uran, depletovaný uran

Ex: Depleted uranium can pose hazards if it enters the environment, such as through the release of dust or the contamination of soil and water.
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