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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Académico - Prueba 1 - Lectura - Pasaje 1

Aquí puedes encontrar el vocabulario del Test 1 - Lectura - Pasaje 1 en el libro de curso Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic, para ayudarte a preparar tu examen IELTS.

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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic
railway
railway
[Sustantivo]

a system or network of tracks with the trains, organization, and people needed to operate them

ferrocarril, vía férrea

ferrocarril, vía férrea

astonishing
astonishing
[Adjetivo]

causing great surprise or amazement due to being impressive, unexpected, or remarkable

asombroso, sorprendente

asombroso, sorprendente

Ex: The view from the top of the mountain was truly astonishing. 

La vista desde la cima de la montaña era verdaderamente asombrosa.

rate
rate
[Sustantivo]

the relative speed or pace of progress, growth, or decline

ritmo, velocidad

ritmo, velocidad

Ex: Companies monitor the rate of employee turnover. 

Las empresas monitorean la tasa de rotación de empleados.

objector
objector
[Sustantivo]

an individual who displays their disagreement with something or someone

objetor

objetor

to argue
to argue
[Verbo]

to provide reasons when saying something is the case, particularly to persuade others that one is right

argumentar, discutir

argumentar, discutir

Ex: The environmentalist argued for the preservation of the rainforest to protect biodiversity. 

El ambientalista argumentó a favor de la preservación de la selva tropical para proteger la biodiversidad.

congested
congested
[Adjetivo]

(of a place) filled with many people, vehicles, or objects, leading to difficulties in movement

congestionado, abarrotado

congestionado, abarrotado

Ex: She avoided the congested shopping mall on weekends to avoid the crowds. 

Ella evitaba el centro comercial abarrotado los fines de semana para evitar las multitudes.

expansion
expansion
[Sustantivo]

an increase in the amount, size, importance, or degree of something

expansión

expansión

Ex: The organization announced plans for the expansion of its services to underserved communities. 

La organización anunció planes para la expansión de sus servicios a comunidades desatendidas.

to consist
to consist
[Verbo]

to be constructed from or made up of certain things or people

consistir en, constar de

consistir en, constar de

Ex: The committee consists of representatives from different departments. 

El comité consiste en representantes de diferentes departamentos.

overcrowded
overcrowded
[Adjetivo]

(of a space or area) filled with too many people or things, causing discomfort or lack of space

sobrepoblado, abarrotado

sobrepoblado, abarrotado

Ex: The city's public transportation system is often overcrowded during rush hour. 

El sistema de transporte público de la ciudad a menudo está abarrotado durante la hora punta.

slum
slum
[Sustantivo]

(often plural) a very poor and overpopulated area of a city or town in which the houses are not in good condition

barrio bajo, suburbio

barrio bajo, suburbio

Ex: He visited the slum to understand the struggles of its residents. 

Visitó el barrio marginal para entender las luchas de sus residentes.

horse-drawn
horse-drawn
[Adjetivo]

pulled or powered by a horse or horses

tirado por caballos, de tracción animal

tirado por caballos, de tracción animal

Ex: The parade featured a beautifully decorated horse-drawn float. 

El desfile presentó una carroza tirada por caballos bellamente decorada.

carriage
carriage
[Sustantivo]

a vehicle with usually four wheels, pulled by one or more horses

carruaje, coche

carruaje, coche

Ex: The carriage driver skillfully navigated through the crowded marketplace. 

El conductor del carruaje navegó hábilmente por el mercado abarrotado.

numerous
numerous
[Adjetivo]

indicating a large number of something

numeroso

numeroso

Ex: The garden is filled with numerous flowers of different colors. 

El jardín está lleno de numerosas flores de diferentes colores.

scheme
scheme
[Sustantivo]

an organized and carefully planned course of action

plan, proyecto

plan, proyecto

Ex: The city council approved a housing scheme. 

El ayuntamiento aprobó un plan de vivienda.

to propose
to propose
[Verbo]

to formally suggest or introduce a motion, idea, or action for consideration and discussion by a legislature

proponer, presentar

proponer, presentar

Ex: The representative proposed a law aimed at improving healthcare access. 

El representante propuso una ley destinada a mejorar el acceso a la atención médica.

to resolve
to resolve
[Verbo]

to find a way to solve a disagreement or issue

resolver, solucionar

resolver, solucionar

Ex: Communities hold meetings to resolve issues and enhance local living conditions. 

Las comunidades realizan reuniones para resolver problemas y mejorar las condiciones de vida locales.

vocal
vocal
[Adjetivo]

giving opinions loudly or freely

vocal, franco

vocal, franco

Ex: He became increasingly vocal about the need for better healthcare policies as the election approached. 

Se volvió cada vez más vocal sobre la necesidad de mejores políticas de salud a medida que se acercaban las elecciones.

advocate
advocate
[Sustantivo]

someone who actively supports, promotes, or defends a particular cause or viewpoint, often through public speaking, writing, or activism

defensor, promotor

defensor, promotor

Ex: He became an advocate for mental health awareness after his own struggles. 

Se convirtió en un defensor de la concienciación sobre la salud mental después de sus propias luchas.

solicitor
solicitor
[Sustantivo]

(in the UK) a lawyer who is entitled to give legal advice, prepare legal documents for contracts and defend people in lower courts of law

abogado

abogado

Ex: In the UK, solicitors handle most client interactions. 

En el Reino Unido, los solicitors manejan la mayoría de las interacciones con los clientes.

to relocate

to move to a new place or position

trasladar, reubicar

trasladar, reubicar

Ex: The multinational corporation decided to relocate some of its staff to overseas branches. 

La corporación multinacional decidió reasignar a parte de su personal a sucursales en el extranjero.

inner city
inner city
[Sustantivo]

an area close to the center of a city that usually suffers from economic problems

zonas marginales

zonas marginales

Ex: Urban gardens and green spaces are helping to beautify the inner city and provide residents with access to fresh produce. 

Los jardines urbanos y los espacios verdes están ayudando a embellecer el centro de la ciudad y a proporcionar a los residentes acceso a productos frescos.

to construct

to build a house, bridge, machine, etc.

construir

construir

Ex: Skilled carpenters were hired to construct custom-made furniture for the luxury hotel. 

Se contrataron carpinteros habilidosos para construir muebles a medida para el hotel de lujo.

to gain
to gain
[Verbo]

to obtain or achieve something that is needed or desired

conseguir

conseguir

Ex: They gained access to the exclusive event with VIP passes. 

Obtuvieron acceso al evento exclusivo con pases VIP.

to submit
to submit
[Verbo]

to formally present something, such as a proposal or document, to someone in authority for review or decision

presentar, entregar

presentar, entregar

Ex: She decided to submit her manuscript to the publisher. 

Ella decidió presentar su manuscrito al editor.

to coincide

to occur at the same time as something else

coincidir

coincidir

Ex: The meeting coincides with his vacation, so he won't be able to attend. 

La reunión coincide con sus vacaciones, por lo que no podrá asistir.

proposal
proposal
[Sustantivo]

something suggested or put forward for consideration, such as an idea, plan, or assumption

oferta

oferta

Ex: A new proposal for the office layout was submitted. 

Se presentó una nueva propuesta para la distribución de la oficina.

to merge
to merge
[Verbo]

to combine and create one whole

unirse

unirse

Ex: The traffic from multiple lanes gradually merged on the highway. 

El tráfico de varios carriles se fusionó gradualmente en la autopista.

metropolitan
metropolitan
[Adjetivo]

relating to a large city or urban area

metropolitano

metropolitano

Ex: Metropolitan areas typically have higher population densities compared to rural regions. 

Las áreas metropolitanas suelen tener densidades de población más altas en comparación con las regiones rurales.

to raise
to raise
[Verbo]

to assemble money or resources, particularly in order to achieve or create something

recaudar, juntar

recaudar, juntar

Ex: The event raised over £30 000 for cancer research. 

El evento recaudó más de £30 000 para la investigación del cáncer.

funding
funding
[Sustantivo]

the financial resources that are provided to make a particular project or initiative possible

financiación

financiación

Ex: The initiative depends on community funding for its success. 

La iniciativa depende del financiamiento comunitario para su éxito.

radical
radical
[Adjetivo]

(of actions, ideas, etc.) very new and different from the norm

radical

radical

Ex: His radical ideas about education sparked a lot of debate. 

Sus ideas radicales sobre la educación generaron mucho debate.

critical
critical
[Adjetivo]

noting or highlighting mistakes or imperfections

crítico, severo

crítico, severo

Ex: He was always critical of his own work, striving for perfection. 

Siempre fue crítico con su propio trabajo, esforzándose por alcanzar la perfección.

to collapse

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

derrumbarse

derrumbarse

Ex: The roof collapsed during the storm due to the heavy snow accumulation. 

El techo se derrumbó durante la tormenta debido a la fuerte acumulación de nieve.

to poison
to poison
[Verbo]

to have a harmful or destructive effect on someone or something

envenenar, corromper

envenenar, corromper

Ex: The lies she spread poisoned their friendship beyond repair. 

Las mentiras que difundió envenenaron su amistad más allá de toda reparación.

emission
emission
[Sustantivo]

a substance that is emitted or released

emisión, descarga

emisión, descarga

to persist
to persist
[Verbo]

to continue a course of action with determination, even when faced with challenges or discouragement

persistir

persistir

Ex: She persisted in her studies, even though her friends constantly urged her to take a break. 

Ella persistió en sus estudios, aunque sus amigos le insistían constantemente en que se tomara un descanso.

to minimize

to reduce something to the lowest possible degree or amount, particularly something unpleasant

minimizar

minimizar

Ex: The changes made to the process have minimized delays in production. 

Los cambios realizados en el proceso han minimizado los retrasos en la producción.

to demolish

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

demoler, derribar

demoler, derribar

Ex: The earthquake had the power to demolish poorly constructed houses. 

El terremoto tuvo el poder de demoler las casas mal construidas.

to schedule

to set a specific time to do something or make an event happen

programar, fijar

programar, fijar

Ex: We scheduled the conference call for this afternoon. 

Programamos la conferencia telefónica para esta tarde.

trench
trench
[Sustantivo]

any long, narrow excavation or ditch in the ground, regardless of purpose

zanja, trinchera

zanja, trinchera

Ex: Engineers inspected the trench along the construction site. 

Los ingenieros inspeccionaron la trinchera a lo largo del sitio de construcción.

timber
timber
[Sustantivo]

a vertical wooden post or stake, often used for fencing, support, or markers

poste, estaca

poste, estaca

Ex: They lined the path with timber posts. 

Ellos alinearon el camino con postes de madera.

beam
beam
[Sustantivo]

a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building

viga

viga

Ex: Engineers inspected the support beams of the bridge, ensuring they could withstand heavy loads and extreme weather conditions. 

Los ingenieros inspeccionaron las vigas de soporte del puente, asegurándose de que pudieran soportar cargas pesadas y condiciones climáticas extremas.

arch
arch
[Sustantivo]

a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings

arco

arco

Ex: The ancient Roman aqueducts featured stone arches that allowed water to flow smoothly across long distances. 

Los antiguos acueductos romanos presentaban arcos de piedra que permitían que el agua fluyera suavemente a través de largas distancias.

operation
operation
[Sustantivo]

the state of being in effect or being operative

funcionamiento, operación

funcionamiento, operación

extension
extension
[Sustantivo]

an addition that increases the size of a building

ampliación, extensión

ampliación, extensión

Ex: The school's extension added new classrooms. 

La extensión de la escuela añadió nuevas aulas.

to authorize

to officially give permission for a specific action, process, etc.

autorizar

autorizar

Ex: The city council authorized the construction of a new public park in the downtown area. 

El ayuntamiento autorizó la construcción de un nuevo parque público en el centro de la ciudad.

steam locomotive
steam locomotive
[Sustantivo]

a locomotive powered by a steam engine

locomotora de vapor, máquina de vapor

locomotora de vapor, máquina de vapor

firebrick
firebrick
[Sustantivo]

brick made of fire clay; used for lining e.g. furnaces and chimneys

ladrillo refractario, ladrillo de fuego

ladrillo refractario, ladrillo de fuego

boiler
boiler
[Sustantivo]

a closed vessel in which water is heated to create steam or hot water, used for heating buildings, producing electricity, or powering machines

caldera, generador de vapor

caldera, generador de vapor

Ex: A broken boiler in the middle of winter can be a serious problem. 

Una caldera rota en pleno invierno puede ser un problema grave.

tank
tank
[Sustantivo]

a large, typically metallic container designed for storing gases or liquids

tanque, depósito

tanque, depósito

Ex: The fish tank needs regular cleaning to maintain water quality. 

El acuario necesita una limpieza regular para mantener la calidad del agua.

to condense

to cause a substance to change from a gas or vapor to a liquid state

condensar

condensar

Ex: During the distillation process, the vaporized alcohol is condensed and collected as liquid in a separate container. 

Durante el proceso de destilación, el alcohol vaporizado se condensa y se recoge como líquido en un recipiente separado.

fume
fume
[Sustantivo]

smoke or gas that has a sharp smell or is harmful if inhaled

gas

gas

Ex: The chef accidentally inhaled fumes from the burnt food, making her cough. 

El chef inhaló accidentalmente humos de la comida quemada, lo que le hizo toser.

ventilation shaft
ventilation shaft
[Sustantivo]

a shaft in a building; serves as an air passage for ventilation

conducto de ventilación, pozo de ventilación

conducto de ventilación, pozo de ventilación

extension
extension
[Sustantivo]

the act of expanding in scope, range, or availability

extensión, ampliación

extensión, ampliación

Ex: They approved the extension of library services to the community. 

Aprobaron la extensión de los servicios de biblioteca a la comunidad.

circuit
circuit
[Sustantivo]

a route or journey that goes all the way around a particular place or area

circuito, recorrido

circuito, recorrido

Ex: The delivery truck follows a daily circuit through town. 

El camión de reparto sigue un circuito diario por la ciudad.

congestion
congestion
[Sustantivo]

a state of being overcrowded or blocked, particularly in a street or road

congestión, embotellamiento

congestión, embotellamiento

Ex: The road was completely blocked due to congestion from an accident. 

La carretera estaba completamente bloqueada debido a la congestión por un accidente.

to extend
to extend
[Verbo]

to stretch out or expand over a distance

extender, prolongar

extender, prolongar

Ex: The beach extends along the coastline, offering miles of sandy shoreline for visitors to enjoy. 

La playa se extiende a lo largo de la costa, ofreciendo millas de orilla arenosa para que los visitantes disfruten.

alternative
alternative
[Sustantivo]

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

alternativa

alternativa

Ex: You can either take the train or the bus, but there’s no third alternative. 

Puedes tomar el tren o el autobús, pero no hay una tercera alternativa.

confined
confined
[Adjetivo]

restricted or limited in space, area, or movement

confinado

confinado

Ex: His movements were confined by the tight seatbelt. 

Sus movimientos estaban restringidos por el ajustado cinturón de seguridad.

reliable
reliable
[Adjetivo]

able to be trusted to perform consistently well and meet expectations

fiable

fiable

Ex: Despite challenges, the reliable employee consistently meets deadlines and exceeds expectations. 

A pesar de los desafíos, el empleado confiable cumple constantemente con los plazos y supera las expectativas.

means
means
[Sustantivo]

a way, system, object, etc. through which one can achieve a goal or accomplish a task

medio

medio

Ex: Public transportation provides a means for many people to commute to work. 

El transporte público proporciona un medio para que muchas personas viajen al trabajo.

generator
generator
[Sustantivo]

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

generador

generador

Ex: Diesel generators are commonly used as backup power sources in case of electrical grid failures. 

Los generadores diésel se utilizan comúnmente como fuentes de energía de respaldo en caso de fallas en la red eléctrica.

line
line
[Sustantivo]

the track or route along which a train travels

línea, vía

línea, vía

Ex: Freight runs on a separate industrial line at night. 

El transporte de mercancías circula por una línea industrial separada por la noche.

carriage
carriage
[Sustantivo]

a passenger railcar or coach

vagón, coche

vagón, coche

Ex: Each carriage has its own conductor. 

Cada vagón tiene su propio conductor.

Tube
Tube
[Sustantivo]

a railway that operates underground, typically in a city

metro, el Metro

metro, el Metro

Ex: The Tube map is easy to follow for tourists. 

El mapa del metro es fácil de seguir para los turistas.

housing
housing
[Sustantivo]

buildings in which people live, including their condition, prices, or types

viviendas, casas

viviendas, casas

Ex: Many families struggle to find suitable housing. 

Muchas familias luchan por encontrar una vivienda adecuada.

initially
initially
[Adverbio]

at the starting point of a process or situation

inicialmente, al principio

inicialmente, al principio

Ex: I initially hated sushi, but now it's my favorite food. 

Inicialmente, odiaba el sushi, pero ahora es mi comida favorita.

to pull down

to demolish a structure or building, typically by pulling it apart or taking it down piece by piece

demoler

demoler

Ex: Over the next month, the workers will pull down the unsafe structures in the area. 

Durante el próximo mes, los trabajadores derribarán las estructuras inseguras en el área.

royal commission
royal commission
[Sustantivo]

an official group created by a government to deeply study a serious issue and give advice or suggestions for solving it

comisión real, investigación real

comisión real, investigación real

Ex: The government may form a royal commission in response to public concern. 

El gobierno puede formar una comisión real en respuesta a la preocupación pública.

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