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Słownictwo Europy Zachodniej i Północnej - Holandia

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Western and Northern Europe Vocabulary
flat
flat
[przymiotnik]

(of a surface) continuing in a straight line with no raised or low parts

płaski, równy

płaski, równy

Ex: She spread the dough on the baking sheet, making it flat and even. 
windmill
windmill
[Rzeczownik]

a large, tall building with long blades, called sails, that uses wind power to make flour out of grain or pump water

wiatrak, młyn wietrzny

wiatrak, młyn wietrzny

Ex: The old windmill was restored as a historical site. 
canal
canal
[Rzeczownik]

a long and artificial passage built and filled with water for ships to travel along or used to transfer water to other places

kanał, droga wodna

kanał, droga wodna

Ex: The ship sailed through the canal, heading toward the harbor. 
tulip
tulip
[Rzeczownik]

a flower shaped like a cup that has bright colors and blossoms in spring

tulipan, kwiat w kształcie kielicha o jaskrawych kolorach

tulipan, kwiat w kształcie kielicha o jaskrawych kolorach

Ex: The garden was adorned with a variety of tulips, creating a vibrant display of red, yellow, and pink flowers. 
field
field
[Rzeczownik]

a wide, open area of land, typically covered with grass or crops

pole, łąka

pole, łąka

Ex: The farmers worked diligently in the field, planting seeds for the upcoming harvest. 
impact
impact
[Rzeczownik]

an influence or effect that something has on a person, situation, or thing

wpływ, oddziaływanie

wpływ, oddziaływanie

Ex: The teacher’s encouragement had a positive impact on the student’s confidence. 
to shape
to shape
[Czasownik]

to give something a particular form

kształtować, nadawać formę

kształtować, nadawać formę

Ex: She used clay to shape a beautiful sculpture. 
below
below
[Przyimek]

in a position beneath or underneath

pod, poniżej

pod, poniżej

Ex: The book fell below the shelf. 
to pump
to pump
[Czasownik]

to make gas or liquid move in a certain direction using a mechanical action

pompować, przepompowywać

pompować, przepompowywać

Ex: He had to pump air into the bicycle tires to ensure a smooth ride. 
low-lying
low-lying
[przymiotnik]

referring to an area or object situated at or near the ground, horizon, or sea level, typically with little or no elevation

niski, nizinny

niski, nizinny

Ex: The village is located in a low-lying valley prone to flooding. 
countryside
countryside
[Rzeczownik]

the area with farms, fields, and trees, that is outside cities and towns

wieś, obszar wiejski

wieś, obszar wiejski

Ex: They enjoyed taking long walks in the peaceful countryside. 
dike
dike
[Rzeczownik]

a wall built in order to stop water, especially from the sea, from entering an area

wał przeciwpowodziowy, grobla

wał przeciwpowodziowy, grobla

Ex: The villagers relied on the dike to protect their homes from the rising sea levels. 
flooding
flooding
[Rzeczownik]

the fact or presence of water covering a part of land that is typically dry

powódź

powódź

Ex: The heavy rain led to severe flooding in low-lying areas near the river. 
dam
dam
[Rzeczownik]

a huge wall built to keep water from entering an area or to contain and use it as a power source to produce electricity

tama, zapora

tama, zapora

Ex: The dam controls the river’s water level. 
tribe
tribe
[Rzeczownik]

a social group united by shared ancestry, culture, or customs

plemię, lud

plemię, lud

province
province
[Rzeczownik]

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

prowincja

prowincja

to rule
to rule
[Czasownik]

to control and be in charge of a country

rządzić, panować

rządzić, panować

Ex: The monarch ruled the kingdom with absolute authority. 
tax
tax
[Rzeczownik]

a sum of money that has to be paid, based on one's income, to the government so it can provide people with different kinds of public services

podatek

podatek

Ex: April 15th is the deadline for filing income tax returns in the United States. 
strict
strict
[przymiotnik]

(of rules and regulations) absolute and must be obeyed under any circumstances

surowy,  rygorystyczny

surowy, rygorystyczny

Ex: The company has strict guidelines in place to ensure workplace safety for all employees. 
to lead
to lead
[Czasownik]

to be the cause of something

prowadzić do, doprowadzać do

prowadzić do, doprowadzać do

Ex: Lack of exercise can lead to weight gain. 
independence
independence
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being free from the control of others

niepodległość, autonomia

niepodległość, autonomia

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
golden age
golden age
[Rzeczownik]

an idealized or imagined period of peace, prosperity, and happiness

złoty wiek, złota era

złoty wiek, złota era

Ex: The novel depicted a golden age of harmony in the kingdom. 
to sail
to sail
[Czasownik]

to travel on water using the power of wind or an engine

żeglować, płynąć

żeglować, płynąć

Ex: The sailboat gracefully sailed across the open sea, propelled by the ocean breeze. 
goods
goods
[Rzeczownik]

items made or produced for sale

towary,  produkty

towary, produkty

Ex: The store offers a wide range of goods, from fresh produce to handmade crafts. 
spice
spice
[Rzeczownik]

a type of dried plant with a pleasant smell used to add taste or color to the food

przyprawa

przyprawa

Ex: Cinnamon is a versatile spice that can be used in both sweet and savory dishes. 
silk
silk
[Rzeczownik]

a type of smooth soft fabric made from the threads that silkworms produce

jedwab

jedwab

Ex: She draped a silk scarf around her neck, enjoying the cool, smooth texture against her skin. 
trading
trading
[Rzeczownik]

the practice of buying and selling goods

handel,  kupno-sprzedaż

handel, kupno-sprzedaż

detailed
detailed
[przymiotnik]

including many specific elements or pieces of information

szczegółowy, dokładny

szczegółowy, dokładny

Ex: The report provided a detailed analysis of the company's financial performance. 
open-minded
open-minded
[przymiotnik]

ready to accept or listen to different views and opinions

otwarty umysłowo, tolerancyjny

otwarty umysłowo, tolerancyjny

Ex: The open-minded teacher encouraged her students to explore different viewpoints and challenge their own beliefs. 
direct
direct
[przymiotnik]

expressing thoughts or feelings clearly and without evasion

bezpośredni, szczery

bezpośredni, szczery

Ex: Her direct behavior made her a trusted leader in the group. 
to [call] a spade a spade

to talk about something in a completely open and direct way

nazywać rzeczy po imieniu, mówić prosto z mostu

nazywać rzeczy po imieniu, mówić prosto z mostu

Ex: In negotiations, it's important to call a spade a spade and address the issues head-on. 
equality
equality
[Rzeczownik]

the state of having the same opportunities, rights, status, etc. as others

równość

równość

Ex: Equality in education is essential for all students to succeed. 
fairness
fairness
[Rzeczownik]

the quality of being just or reasonable in treating people and situations

sprawiedliwość, bezstronność

sprawiedliwość, bezstronność

Ex: He was admired for his sense of fairness in handling workplace disputes. 
to legalize
to legalize
[Czasownik]

to permit something by law, granting people the right or freedom to do it

zalegalizować, zezwolić przez prawo

zalegalizować, zezwolić przez prawo

Ex: The government decided to legalize the use of cannabis for medical purposes, allowing patients to access it legally. 
same-sex marriage
same-sex marriage
[Rzeczownik]

two people of the same sex who live together as a family

małżeństwo jednopłciowe, małżeństwo homoseksualne

małżeństwo jednopłciowe, małżeństwo homoseksualne

to get around
to get around
[Czasownik]

to move or travel from one place to another

poruszać się, przemieszczać się

poruszać się, przemieszczać się

Ex: In the city, it's easy to get around using public transportation. 
green energy
green energy
[Rzeczownik]

energy that is produced using renewable, environmentally friendly sources, such as wind, solar, or hydroelectric power

zielona energia, energia odnawialna

zielona energia, energia odnawialna

Ex: The company is committed to investing in green energy projects. 
sustainability
sustainability
[Rzeczownik]

the capacity to be maintained for a long time and causing no harm to the environment

zrównoważony rozwój, trwałość

zrównoważony rozwój, trwałość

Ex: Sustainability in agriculture ensures soil health for future generations. 
wind power
wind power
[Rzeczownik]

the electricity produced by means of turbines and other machinery

energia wiatrowa, moc wiatru

energia wiatrowa, moc wiatru

Ex: Wind power supplies over 10% of the country's electricity needs. 
wind turbine
wind turbine
[Rzeczownik]

a turbine that is driven by the wind

turbina wiatrowa, wiatrak

turbina wiatrowa, wiatrak

agriculture
agriculture
[Rzeczownik]

the business of using the land to grow and take care of crops and livestock

rolnictwo

rolnictwo

exporter
exporter
[Rzeczownik]

a businessperson who transports goods abroad (for sale)

eksporter

eksporter

greenhouse
greenhouse
[Rzeczownik]

a glass structure used for growing plants in and protecting them from cold weather

szklarnia, cieplarnia

szklarnia, cieplarnia

Ex: They built a greenhouse to grow vegetables year-round. 
to grow
to grow
[Czasownik]

to cause a plant to develop and give fruit or flowers

uprawiać, hodować

uprawiać, hodować

Ex: She grows beautiful roses in her garden. 
use
use
[Rzeczownik]

the state or fact of being used; the action of using something

użycie, wykorzystanie

użycie, wykorzystanie

Ex: The frequent use of smartphones has changed social interactions. 
resource
resource
[Rzeczownik]

(usually plural) a country's gas, oil, trees, etc. that are considered valuable and therefore can be sold to gain wealth

zasób, bogactwo naturalne

zasób, bogactwo naturalne

Ex: The country's natural resources include oil, natural gas, and minerals. 
to [break] the ice

to make two or more strangers get comfortable with each other and engage in a conversation

przełamać lody, rozluźnić atmosferę

przełamać lody, rozluźnić atmosferę

Ex: He told a lighthearted joke to break the ice at the beginning of the meeting. 
local
local
[Rzeczownik]

an inhabitant of a particular area or community

mieszkaniec, lokalny

mieszkaniec, lokalny

Ex: The locals were very welcoming to the new residents in the neighborhood. 
to appreciate
to appreciate
[Czasownik]

to be thankful for something

doceniać, być wdzięcznym za

doceniać, być wdzięcznym za

Ex: She regularly appreciates the support of her friends during challenging times. 
effort
effort
[Rzeczownik]

an attempt to do something, particularly something demanding

wysiłek

wysiłek

Ex: Despite her best effort, she couldn't solve the puzzle. 
treat
treat
[Rzeczownik]

something considered choice to eat

przysmak, delikates

przysmak, delikates

waffle
waffle
[Rzeczownik]

a dry batter cake that is patterned with small squares on both sides, topped with butter, cream or syrup

wafel, wafel belgijski

wafel, wafel belgijski

caramel
caramel
[Rzeczownik]

a sweet, golden-brown substance formed by heating and melting burnt sugar

karmel, spalony cukier

karmel, spalony cukier

Ex: My son asked me to drizzle caramel sauce over his ice cream. 
syrup
syrup
[Rzeczownik]

a thick sweet liquid made with sugar that is often used as a sauce

syrop, melasa

syrop, melasa

Ex: He drizzled syrup over his waffles, creating a delicious breakfast. 
raw
raw
[przymiotnik]

related to foods that have not been exposed to heat or any form of cooking

surowy, nieugotowany

surowy, nieugotowany

Ex: She enjoyed a salad made with raw vegetables and leafy greens. 
herring
herring
[Rzeczownik]

valuable flesh of fatty fish from shallow waters of northern Atlantic or Pacific; usually salted or pickled

śledź, ryba śledź

śledź, ryba śledź

pickle
pickle
[Rzeczownik]

a vegetable, usually a small cucumber, that is preserved in salt water or vinegar

ogórek kiszony, korniszon

ogórek kiszony, korniszon

Ex: She packed a lunchbox with a turkey sandwich layered with pickles. 
stand
stand
[Rzeczownik]

a booth or stall where goods are displayed for sale

stragan, stoisko

stragan, stoisko

Ex: The fruit stand sold fresh apples and oranges. 
must
must
[Rzeczownik]

something that is necessary to have or do

konieczność, must have

konieczność, must have

Ex: Comfortable shoes are a must for anyone planning to hike the trail. 
to bloom
to bloom
[Czasownik]

(of a plant) to produce flowers and display them in full color

kwitnąć, rozkwitać

kwitnąć, rozkwitać

Ex: The rose bushes bloomed beautifully in the garden this summer. 
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