to be situated or established in a particular place

znajdować się, mieścić się
to be around something on all sides

otaczać, okrążać
a line that separates two countries, provinces, or states from each other

granica, kres
(of an area or region) inhabited by many people or living beings

zaludniony, gęsto zaludniony
to possess many good qualities, advantages, or opportunities
a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

cywilizacja, społeczeństwo
the study or art of building and designing houses

architektura
the group of politicians in control of a country or state

rząd, administracja
to exert a significant influence on the development, nature, or outcome of something

kształtować, wpływać
the downfall, loss, or defeat of someone or something, often irreversible

upadek, klęska
to separate people or things into two or more groups, parts, etc.

dzielić, oddzielać
a large area of land or of the world with specific characteristics, which is usually borderless

region, obszar
used to express the cause or reason for a particular outcome

dzięki, z powodu
not favoring either side in a conflict, competition, debate, etc.

neutralny, bezstronny
to put a great deal of effort to overcome difficulties or achieve a goal

walczyć, starać się
a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

dyktatura, reżim dyktatorski
to gain a position of political control or authority
to support a person or group against someone else in a fight or argument

opowiedzieć się po stronie, wspierać
a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarchia, królestwo
to trace the existence or origin of something to a specific point in time

sięgać, cofać się
the central area of an ancient Roman amphitheater where contests and spectacles were held; especially an area that was strewn with sand

arena, piaszczysty obszar
(ancient Rome) a professional combatant or a captive who entertained the public by engaging in mortal combat

gladiator, zawodowy wojownik
any creative piece such as paintings, sculptures, etc., that is created by an artist to convey a message or express an emotions

dzieło sztuki
the highest part of a room, vehicle, etc. that covers it from the inside

sufit, sufit pokoju
places that tourists are interested in, particularly those with historical, cultural, or natural significance

zabytki, atrakcje turystyczne
to get or find something especially good or lucky
the location where something began, developed, or was first created

miejsce urodzenia, kolebka
to express respect toward someone or something often due to qualities, achievements, etc.

podziwiać
a piece of art created with great skill, which is an artist's best work

arcydzieło, dzieło mistrzowskie
a place in which works of art are shown or sold to the public

galeria
to fail to deal with all aspects of a problem, topic, etc.

ledwie liznąć temat, nie wejść w szczegóły
a plant of the mint family with aromatic leaves that are eaten raw or cooked

bazylia, królewska roślina
to satisfy a craving or desire, especially for food or drink

trafić idealnie, być dokładnie tym, czego było trzeba
easy to remember or worth remembering, particularly because of being different or special

pamiętny, niezapomniany
having a gently rising and falling surface with many small hills

pagórkowaty
the area with farms, fields, and trees, that is outside cities and towns

wieś, obszar wiejski
a piece of land on which grapes are grown to make wine

winnica
a small group of trees planted closely together, often cultivated for their ornamental value or fruit production

gaj, sad
the boundary between land and water, particularly as seen on a map or from above

linia brzegowa, wybrzeże
(of a surface) having a sharp slope or angle, making it difficult to climb or walk up

stromy, urwisty
an area of rock that is high above the ground with a very steep side, often at the edge of the sea

klif, urwisko
(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

ruiny, zgliszcza
