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Słownictwo do IELTS General (Wynik 8-9) - Pollution

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Vocabulary for General Training IELTS (8-9)
incinerator
incinerator
[Rzeczownik]

a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of substances contained in waste materials

spalarnia, piec do spalania odpadów

spalarnia, piec do spalania odpadów

Ex: The city's waste management system includes an incinerator to efficiently dispose of non-recyclable materials. 
biohazard
biohazard
[Rzeczownik]

a risk to human health or to the environment caused by a biological source, especially microorganisms

zagrożenie biologiczne, biohazard

zagrożenie biologiczne, biohazard

Ex: The research facility was shut down after an accidental release of a biohazard, posing a serious risk to public health. 
sludge
sludge
[Rzeczownik]

the semi-solid residue produced during sewage or wastewater treatment

osad, półstałe odpady

osad, półstałe odpady

Ex: The treatment plant removes sludge from the water before discharge. 
sewage
sewage
[Rzeczownik]

the waste water and other liquid waste from homes, businesses, and factories, usually carried away through pipes and treated

ścieki,  kanalizacja

ścieki, kanalizacja

Ex: The city is upgrading its sewage system to prevent flooding. 
effluent
effluent
[Rzeczownik]

liquid waste or sewage discharged into rivers, lakes, or the sea

ścieki, odpady ciekłe

ścieki, odpady ciekłe

Ex: The factory was fined for discharging untreated effluent directly into the river, harming aquatic life and polluting the water. 
soot
soot
[Rzeczownik]

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

sadza, kopeć

sadza, kopeć

Ex: The old fireplace emitted a cloud of soot, leaving dark stains on the surrounding walls. 
detritus
detritus
[Rzeczownik]

waste or debris produced by the disintegration or decomposition of organic or inorganic matter

detrytus, odpady

detrytus, odpady

Ex: The forest floor was covered in detritus, including fallen leaves, twigs, and decaying plant matter. 
aerosol
aerosol
[Rzeczownik]

a suspension of fine solid or liquid particles dispersed in a gas

aerozol, aerozol

aerozol, aerozol

Ex: Volcanic eruptions can release aerosols into the atmosphere. 
particulate
particulate
[Rzeczownik]

a small, discrete particle or substance, especially one suspended in air, such as dust, pollen, or soot

cząstka, materia zawieszona

cząstka, materia zawieszona

Ex: Air quality monitoring stations measure levels of particulate matter to assess pollution levels in urban areas. 
catalytic converter

a device in a vehicle's exhaust system that reduces the emission of harmful pollutants by promoting chemical reactions that convert them into less harmful substances

katalizator, konwerter katalityczny

katalizator, konwerter katalityczny

Ex: The catalytic converter plays a crucial role in reducing harmful emissions from automobiles by converting pollutants into less harmful compounds. 
fallout
fallout
[Rzeczownik]

airborne particles, such as dust or debris, that settle after a nuclear explosion or similar event

opad promieniotwórczy, radioaktywny opad

opad promieniotwórczy, radioaktywny opad

Ex: After the nuclear test, the fallout spread over a wide area, causing environmental contamination. 
hazmat suit
hazmat suit
[Rzeczownik]

a protective garment worn by workers to safeguard against exposure to hazardous substances or environments

kombinezon hazmat, ubranie ochronne hazmat

kombinezon hazmat, ubranie ochronne hazmat

Ex: The emergency responders donned hazmat suits before entering the contaminated area to protect themselves from hazardous materials. 
polyethylene terephthalate

a durable and lightweight plastic widely used for making bottles and food containers due to its strength and recyclability

politereftalan etylenu, PET

politereftalan etylenu, PET

Ex: Polyethylene terephthalate, commonly known as PET, is widely used in the production of plastic bottles and food packaging due to its durability and clarity. 
asbestos
asbestos
[Rzeczownik]

a soft greyish substance that is resistant to fire and heat and was previously used in the buildings, clothing, etc.

azbest, amiant

azbest, amiant

Ex: The old building was closed for renovation when inspectors found asbestos in the insulation, posing a health risk to occupants. 
unleaded
unleaded
[przymiotnik]

not containing lead

bezołowiowy, bezołowiowy

bezołowiowy, bezołowiowy

Ex: Most cars today run on unleaded gasoline. 
Słownictwo do IELTS General (Wynik 8-9)
PollutionKatastrofyZwierzętaJedzenie i Napoje
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